• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 1993

Ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) hairy root transformed with Agrobacterium rhizogenes (strain A4) was examined cytogenetically and histologically to assess its characteristics. The optimum growth of hairy root obtained in hormone-free MS medium (sucrose 30 g/L, pH5-6) for long period cultures. All hairy root strains (HB1, HB2, HB3) had the 2n diploid number (2n=48) of chromosomes in root tip cells. There were no alteration in chromosome structure except in one cell of HB3 strain. Results of SDS-PAGE showed a few difference in pattern and number of bands between normal and hairy root of ginseng. The root anatomy of normal root and hairy root differed each other. The hairy root had a clearly defined vascular strand, and the morphology of cortical cells were disorganised with large intercellular spaces.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.47.1-47.1
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• 2009

Nanostructured biomaterials have increased those potential for utilizing in many medical applications. In this study, benefit of nanotechnology for the response with biological targets will be described in terms of size, effective surface area and surface energy (physical aspect). Also, correlations between physical and biological interactions (greater protein adsorption on nano surface roughness) will be discussed for understanding biocompatibility of nanostructured biomaterials including carbon nanotube composites and nanostructured titanium surfaces. In the application parts, various major tissue cells, such as bone, cartilage, vascular and bladder cell responses will be discussed with suggested nanomaterials. Lastly, immune responses with macrophage (adhesion and several major cytokines) on nanostructured biomaterials will be described for evasive immune response.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.275-279
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• 2018

Chronic lymphedema is caused by an impairment of the lymphatic system due to primary or secondary causes. Vascularized lymph node transplantation (VLNT) is currently the most promising and frequently used technique besides lymphaticovenous anastomosis. However, the vessel anatomy in the lateral thoracic region is sometimes quite variable. Based on our experiences with vascular anatomical inconstancy in the lateral thoracic region, we planned a lateral intercostal artery perforator flap for VLNT in a female patient with chronic stage II lymphedema of both legs after cervical cancer treatment. After surgery, the patient reported significant improvement in limb volume and the accompanying symptoms. The limb circumference was reduced by an average of 19.2% at 6 months postoperatively. Despite having a short pedicle and small vessel caliber, the lateral intercostal artery perforator flap can safely be used for VLNT in lymphedema patients with anatomical variants.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.342-344
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• 2012

A persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is very rare congenital vascular anomaly which is present in 0.025% to 0.04% of the population by an angiographic study. A PSA is usually combined with aneurismal disease or thromboembolic events because of its arteriosclerosis and vessel wall degeneration. The treatments of symptomatic PSA are comprised of exclusion of PSA from circulation and bypass surgery for the lower limb. However, surgical treatment should be tailored to its anatomy and presentation. We report a successful treatment of PSA with distal thromboembolism by thromboembolectomy without bypass surgery.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.166-178
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• 2023

Undeniably, endothelial cells (EC) contribute to the maintenance of the homeostasis of the organism through modulating cellular physiology, including signaling pathways, through the release of highly active molecules as well as the response to a myriad of extrinsic and intrinsic signaling factors. Review the data from the current literature on the EC role in norm and disease. Endothelium maintains a precise balance between the released molecules, where EC dysfunction arises when the endothelium actions shift toward vasoconstriction, the proinflammatory, prothrombic properties after the alteration of nitric oxide (NO) production and oxidative stress. The functions of the EC are regulated by the negative/positive feedback from the organism, through EC surface receptors, and the crosstalk between NO, adrenergic receptors, and oxidative stress. More than a hundred substances can interact with EC. The EC dysfunction is a hallmark in the emergence and progression of vascular-related pathologies. The paper concisely reviews recent advances in EC (patho) physiology. Grasping EC physiology is crucial to gauge their potential clinical utility and optimize the current therapies as well as to establish novel nanotherapeutic molecular targets include; endothelial receptors, cell adhesion molecules, integrins, signaling pathways, enzymes; peptidases.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2023

Arthroscopic shoulder procedures are one of the most common procedures used to restore function through minimally invasive techniques. With the demand for shoulder arthroscopic procedures comes the need for safe, effective, and efficient surgery that maximizes patient outcomes while minimizing complications. Many variables contribute to visualization in shoulder arthroscopy including vascular anatomy, blood pressure control, arthroscopic pump systems, turbulence control, epinephrine, and tranexamic acid. Furthermore, patient positioning can have a dramatic effect on visualization with both the beach chair position and lateral decubitus positioning having various strengths and weaknesses depending on the intended procedure being performed. The purpose of this review is to examine the benefits and complications reported in the literature for improving visualization in shoulder arthroscopy.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.136-144
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• 2007

Biotae Orientalis has been widely used for treatment of relaxion of smooth muscle, gastrointestinal hemorrhage and alopecia in Oriental Medicine. This experiment examined the effect of an extracts, obtained from the acetone and MeOH extracts of dried or fresh Biotae Orientalis, on hair growing activity of the C57BL/6N mice after topical application to skin. First, We examined on hair growth activity of extracts of Biotae Orientalis compare to control and 1% minoxidil groups. Second, We investigated on the number of hair follicle and mast cells after topical application of extracts of the Biotae Orientalis to skin for 16 day. Third, We investigated immunoreactive density of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), protein kinase C-${\alpha}$(PKC-${\alpha}$) and stem(mast) cell factor(SCF) in skin of C57BL/6N mice by immunohistochemical methods. I fourth investigated changes of subpopulation of splenocytes and thymocytes in C57BL/6N mice for 16day using laser flow cytometry. The results were as follows : Hair growing effect of acetone and MeOH extracts of dried and fresh Biotae Orientalis was observed in 70%, 90% and 60% in hair removed skin area in 16 day respectively. Immunoreactive density of VEGF and PKC-${\alpha}$ in skin of experimental groups was weakly stained compare to control group in 10 day. Immunoreactive density of stem cell factor in skin of experimental group was heavily stained compare to control group in 10 day. Splenic TH/TC Iymphocytes of lived MeOH extracts group significantly increased compare to control group. TH cells in thymic T lymphocytes were increased compare to control group. These experiment suggest that acetone and MeOH extracts of Biotae Orientalis may be used for topical treatment of alopecia areata.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.778-790
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• 2008

This experiment investigated the effect of mixed extracts obtained from Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma on hair growth activity of the normal and spontaneous alopecia areata model of C57BL/6N mice for 16 days. First, we examined morphological regrowth of hair in normal and spontaneous alopecia model of C57BL/6N mice. Second, we examined immunoreactive density of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF), c-kit and protein kinase $C-{\alpha}(PKC-{\alpha})$ in skin of normal C57BL/6N mice by immunohistochemical methods. Third, we investigated expression of $TGF-{\beta}$, prolactin and placenta lactogen after topical application of mixed extracts of Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma to skin by RT-PCR. The results were as follows: Hair growth effect from middle and high concentration of mixed extracts of Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma was observed in 80% of normal mice in whose hair had been clipped in 15th days. Hair growth effect of all concentrations of mixed extracts of Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma was observed in 100% of spontaneous alopecia model of C57BL/6N mice in 15th days. Immunoreactive density of VEGF, c-kit and $PKC-{\alpha}$ in skin of all concentrations of mixed extracts of Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma were strongly stained in epidermis, bulge, secondary hair germ cells and cutaneous trunci m. compare to control group in 10th day. In experimental III group, Immunoreactive density of VEGF, c-kit and $PKC-{\alpha}$ in skin were strongly stained in inner and outer root sheath of skin. The treatment of mixed extracts of Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma increased the expression of $TGF-{\beta}$, placenta lactogen and prolactin in the skin of normal C57BL/6N mice compared to control group. These experiments suggest that mixed extracts of Mylabris phalerata Pall. and Drynariae Rhizoma may stimulate the topical hair growth activity and it can be useful for treatment of alopecia areata.

• Korean Circulation Journal
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.409-421
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• 2024

Background and Objectives: The recent developments in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) are emphasizing the multidisciplinary team. We report on the changes in clinical practice following the development of a multidisciplinary team, based on our 7 years of experience. Methods: Multidisciplinary team was established in 2015 offering both balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) with technical upgrades by internal and external expertise. For operable cases, PEA was recommended as the primary treatment modality, followed by pulmonary angiography and right heart catheterization after 6 months to evaluate treatment effect and identify patients requiring further BPA. For patients with inoperable anatomy or high surgical risk, BPA was recommended as the initial treatment modality. Patient data and clinical outcomes were closely monitored. Results: The number of CTEPH treatments rapidly increased and postoperative survival improved after team development. Before the team, 38 patients were treated by PEA for 18 years; however, 125 patients were treated by PEA or BPA after the team for 7 years. The number of PEA performed was 64 and that of BPA 342 sessions. World Health Organization functional class I or II was achieved in 93% of patients. The patients treated with PEA was younger, male dominant, higher pulmonary artery pressure, and smaller cardiac index, than BPA-only patients. In-hospital death after PEA was only 1 case and none after BPA. Conclusions: The balanced development of BPA and PEA through a multidisciplinary team approach proved synergistic in increasing the number of actively treated CTEPH patients and improving clinical outcomes.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2007

Background: Distraction osteogenesis(DO) is a useful method for treating cases demanding the generation of new bone. During DO, the angiogenic activity is crucial factor in the new bone formation. The aim of this study was to detect the autocrine growth activity in the cellular components of the distracted bone with observation of the co-expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and its receptors following the mandibular DO. Materials and methods: Unilateral mandibular distraction(0.5 mm twice per day for 10 days) was performed in six mongrel dogs. Two animals were killed at 7, 14, and 28 days after completion of distraction, respectively. Immediately after the animals were killed, the right mandibles were harvested en block. Immunohistochemical staining was processed for observation of the VEGF expression, and double immunofluorescent staining was also processed for detection of the co-expression of osteocalcin and VEGF's two distinct receptors(VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2). Results: At 7 and 14 days after distraction, the expressions of VEGF were significantly increased in the osteogenic cells of the distracted bone. Up to 28 days after distraction, VEGF was still expressed moderate in the osteoblastic cells of distracted bone. The co-expressions of osteocalcin/VEGFR-1 and osteocalcin/VEGFR-2 were observed in the distracted bone at 7 and 14 days after distraction. In the double immunofluorescent staining, the co-expression' s level of osteocalcin/VEGFR-1 was more than that of osteocalcin/VEGFR-2. Conclusion: Taken together, this study suggested that VEGF plays an important role in the osteogenesis, and these osteoblastic cell-derived VEGF might act as autocrine growth factor during distraction osteogenesis. In the other word, the cellular components, such as osteoblasts and immature fibroblast-like cellsor mesenchymal cells in the distracted bone, might have autocrine growth activity during distraction osteogenesis.