• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2005

Purpose : To investigate the relationship between three-dimensional (3D) bone imaging parameters and trabecular strength in the mandible. Materials and Methods : Bone specimens were obtained from the mandibles of five male pigs weighing around 110 kg each. Of those, 43 samples were selected for 3D analysis and measured by micro-computed tomography. The five morphometric parameters were trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), bone specific surface (BS/BV), percent bone volume (BV/TV), structure model index (SMI) and degree of anisotropy (DA). Through destructive mechanical testing, strength parameters were obtained. Results : BV/TV, SMI, BS/BV, and Tb.Th showed significant correlations with strength parameters. DA did not show any correlation with the other parameters. In multiple linear regression analysis, BV/TV alone explained $43\%$ of the variance in Young's modulus. By stepwise inclusion of SMI, the variance in the Young's modulus was better explained up to $52\%$. Conclusions : Predicting trabecular strength in the mandible through architectural analysis would be possible. Further study is needed to establish the tendency and variety of trabecular architecture and strength according to the locations within the mandible.

• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2012

최근 우리나라 연안 해역에서는 선박 간의 빈번한 조우 상황, 선박 교통량 증대 및 대형화로 인해 해양사고의 잠재 위험이 증가하고 있지만 이러한 통항 선박의 위험도를 평가할 수 있는 모형은 개발되어 있지 않는 실정이다. 또한 개정된 해상교통안전법에서는 해상교통 환경평가를 실시하도록 요구하고 있지만 이 진단 또한 외국평가모델에 의해 평가를 하고 있어 실제 우리나라 연안 해역 특성 및 선박운항자의 위험도 인식이 반영된 모델이 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 설문분석을 통해 선박운항자가 운항 중 처해 있는 상황에 대하여 선박운항자가 느끼는 주관적 위험도 인식에 대한 모형을 개발하고 해상위험도 표출시스템에 이식하기 위한 연구이다. 다양한 요인들에 대해 분산 분석과 다중비교 분석을 통해 주관적 위험도에 대한 요인들의 영향력을 통계적으로 확인하였다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 분석결과를 토대로 해상교통위험도를 측정할 수 있는 모형을 개발하고, 이를 통해 지리정보시스템 기반의 해상 위험도 표출 시스템에 적용하여 운항중인 선박에 대한 위험정도를 화면상에 표출하여 선박운항자들로 하여금 미리 위험을 회피하고자 하는데 활용될 수 있다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.573-583
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing health promoting behavior of the elderly for develop health promoting intervention of old people. The subjects of this study were 167 elderly person over the age of 60, living in rural city in Korea. The data were collected by interview and self report questionnaire, during the period from May, 1999 to August. 1999 The instruments for this study were the PRQ-II by Weinert(1988), the scale of Locus of Control by Wallstone et al(1978), the scale of self efficacy by Sherer & Maddux(1982), 10 points visual analogue scale for the perceived health status and the importance of health, the health promoting behavior scale by Walker et al(1987), and the scales developed by authors for the perceived benefits of health promoting behaviors, and the perceived barriers to health promoting behaviors. The Cronbach 's alpha of these scales were .84 ~.97. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Among cognitive perceptual factors of the Health Promotion Model by Pender(1987), the scores of the importance of health, the perceived internal control of health, the self efficacy, the perceived health status, and the perceived benefits were significantly positive correlation with the scores of the health promoting behavior of the elderly. In addition, the scores of the perceived barriers were significantly negative correlation with the scores of the health promoting behavior of the elderly. 2. Among modifying factors of the Health Promotion Model by Pender(1987), the pocket money of the elderly, the scores of social support were significantly positive correlation with the scores of the health promoting behavior of the elderly. In addition, ages of old people were significantly negative correlations with the scores of the health promoting behavior of the elderly. 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting behavior was the self efficacy. A combination of the self efficacy, the perceived barriers, the social support, the importance of health, and the perceived internal control of health accounted for 56.2% of the variance in health promoting behavior in the elderly. From the results of this study, we concluded that the Health Promotion Model by Pender will be used to explain health promoting behavior of the elderly. We suggested that the results of this study will be considered in developing health promoting programs of elderly.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.431-440
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing health promoting behavior of college students to develop health promoting interventions of young adults. The subjects of this study were 176 women college students, living in a small city in Korea. The data were collected by interviews and a self-report questionnaire, during the period from September, 1999 to December, 1999. The instruments for this study were the PRQ-II by Weinert(1988), the scale of Locus of Control by Wallstone et al.(1978), the scale of self efficacy by Sherer & Maddux(1982), 10 points visual analogue scale for perceived health status and the importance of health, the health promoting behavior scale by Walker et al.(1987), and the scales developed by the authors for the perceived benefits of health promoting behavior, and perceived barriers to health promoting behavior. Cronbach 's alpha of these scales were .68 ~.89. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Among cognitive perceptual factors of the Health Promotion Model by Pender(1987), the scores of the importance of health, the perceived internal control of health, self efficacy, the perceived health status, and the perceived benefits had a significantly positive correlation with the scores of the health promoting behavior of college students. In addition, the scores of the perceived barriers had a significantly negative correlation with the scores of the health promoting behavior of college students. 2. Among modifying factors of the Health Promotion Model by Pender(1987), the extent of religious activities of college students and the scores of social support had a significantly positive correlation with the scores of health promoting behavior of college students. 3. Stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that the most powerful predictor of health promoting behavior was self-efficacy. A combination of self-efficacy, the perceived benefits, the perceived barriers, the perceived health status, and the importance of health accounted for 45.1% of the variance in health promoting behavior in college students From the results of this study, we concluded that the Health Promotion Model by Pender can be used to explain health promoting behavior of college students. In addition, we suggested that the results of this study be considered in developing health promoting programs of young adults.

• 공업화학
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.563-573
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• 2022

This work aimed to develop a new equation for turbidity (Turb) simulation and prediction using statistical methods based on principal component analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression (MLR). For this purpose, water samples were collected monthly over a five year period from Cheurfa dam, an important reservoir in Northwestern Algeria, and analyzed for 12 parameters, including temperature (T°), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), turbidity (Turb), dissolved oxygen (DO), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃^-), nitrite (NO₂^-), phosphate (PO₄^3-), total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results revealed a strong mineralization of the water and low dissolved oxygen (DO) content during the summer period. High levels of TSS and Turb were recorded during rainy periods. In addition, water was charged with phosphate (PO₄^3-) in the whole period of study. The PCA results revealed ten factors, three of which were significant (eigenvalues >1) and explained 75.5% of the total variance. The F1 and F2 factors explained 36.5% and 26.7% of the total variance, respectively and indicated anthropogenic pollution of domestic agricultural and industrial origin. The MLR turbidity simulation model exhibited a high coefficient of determination (R² = 92.20%), indicating that 92.20% of the data variability can be explained by the model. TSS, DO, EC, NO₃^-, NO₂^-, and COD were the most significant contributing parameters (p values << 0.05) in turbidity prediction. The present study can help with decision-making on the management and monitoring of the water quality of the dam, which is the primary source of drinking water in this region.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.343-351
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 간호대학생의 코로나19 예방접종 의도에 미치는 영향요인을 건강신념모델에 근거하여 확인하기 위함이다. 일개 간호학과 1-4학생 169명을 대상으로 구조화된 자가보고식 온라인 설문지를 사용하여 자료수집을 하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/Window 21.0 프로그램을 사용하여 분석하였고, 코로나19 예방접종 의도에 미치는 영향요인을 확인하기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과 연구대상자의 코로나19 예방접종 의도에 영향을 미치는 요인들은 자기효능감(β=.345, p<.001), 행동의 계기(β=.307, p<.001), 지각된 유익성(β=.143, p=.034)과 지식(β=.116, p=.042)이었고, 모형의 설명력은 50.8%이었다. 간호대학생의 코로나19 예방접종 행위 증진을 위해 특히 자기효능감과 코로나19 관련 지식 향상을 위한 전략적 중재가 중요하다.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the assertive behavior of asking smokers not to smoke and investigate the factors related to assertive behavior in patients with vascular diseases. Methods: Participants were 203 adult Korean patients with vascular diseases such as cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. Data were collected using questionnaires that included the characteristics of secondhand smoke (SHS), secondhand smoke-related variables (Health belief model factors, health promotion model factors) and level of assertive behavior. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 18.0 were performed. Results: Participants who never ask smokers not to smoke was 39.9%, whereas participants who always ask was 7.4%. There was a weak positive relationship between assertive behavior and susceptibility to disease (r=.18), severity of disease (r=.19), benefit of assertive behavior to SHS exposure (r=.10), barrier of assertive behavior to SHS exposure (r=.24), and self-rated health (r=.21) respectively. There was a moderate positive relationship between assertive behavior and self-efficacy of assertive behavior to SHS exposure (r=.49). Health belief model factors explained 15.7% variance and health promotion model factors explained 27.0% of assertive behavior. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that self-efficacy of assertive behavior to SHS exposure is a very important factor. Therefore the development of a program to foster self-efficacy of assertive behavior regarding SHS exposure in patients with vascular diseases is needed.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 1983

독림가(篤林家) 83명(名)을 대상으로 종속변수(從屬變數)로서의 벌채의식수준(伐採意識水準)을 수량화(數量化)하는 동시에, 이에 영향(影響)을 미칠 것으로 생각되는 6가지 독립변수(獨立變數)와의 관계를 개별적(個別的), 종합적(綜合的)으로 분석(分析)하고, 각(各) 독립변수(獨立變數)가 종속변수(從屬變數)의 변량(變量)에 미치는 영향력(影響力)의 상대적(相對的) 중요도(重要度)를 구명(究明)하여 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1) 독림가(篤林家)의 벌채성향(伐採性向)은 매우 높게 나타났으며, 연령(年齡), 전달매개변수(傳達媒介變數) 및 사회심리변수(社會心理變數)가 낮을수록, 그리고 교육수준(敎育水準)과 사회경제적(社會經濟的) 지위(地位)가 높을수록 벌채욕망(伐採慾望)은 더욱 커지는 경향(傾向)을 보였다. 2) 종속변수(從屬變數)와 6개(個) 독립변수(獨立變數) 사이의 중상관계수(重相關係數)는 0.5322로서 매우 유의적(有意的)이었으며, 이들 독립변수(獨立變數)는 종합적(綜合的)으로 종속변수(從屬變數)의 변량(變量)을 28.3% 설명(說明)할 수 있다. 종속변수(從屬變數)에 대한 각(各) 독립변수(獨立變數)의 상대적(相對的) 영향력(影響力)은 전달매개변수(傳達媒介變數)가 13.1%, 사회심리변수(社會心理變數)가 6.3%, 연령변수(年齡變數)가 6.1%이다. 3) 전달매개수단(傳達媒介手段)을 상면적(相面的), 정보원(情報源) 및 사회참여(社會參與) 및 대량전달매개수단(大量傳達媒介手段)과의 접촉(接觸)으로 세분(細分)하여, 이들 독립변수(獨立變數)와 종속변수(從屬變數)와의 단순상관계수(單純相關係數)를 계산(計算)하였더니 모두 매우 유의적(有意的)인 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 나타냈다. 이러한 3개(個) 독립변수(獨立變數)는 종속변수(從屬變數)의 변량(變量)을 16.4% 설명(說明)할 수 있으며, 이것은 상면적(相面的) 정보원(情報源)에 의하여 8.8%, 사회참여(社會參與)에 의하여 4.7%, 대량전달매개수단(大量傳達媒介手段)에 의하여 2.9% 설명(說明)하는 것으로 나타났다. 4) 사회심리변수(社會心理變數)를 7가지 성격변수(性格變數)로 나누어 종속변수(從屬變數)와의 관계를 분석(分析)한 결과(結果) 독림가(篤林家)의 벌채성향(伐採性向)은 운명적(運命的), 불신적(不信的), 무의욕적(無意慾的) 성격(性格)을 지니고 있을수록 크고, 보수적(保守的) 성격(性格)일수록 작게 나타났다. 종속변수(從屬變數)와 7개(個) 성격변수간(性格變數間)의 중상관계수(重相關係數)는 0.5461 로서 매우 유의적(有意的)이었다. 7개(個) 성격변수(性格變數)는 통합적(統合的)으로 종속변수(從屬變數)의 변량(變量)을 29.8% 설명(說明)할 수 있으며, 상대적(相對的) 영향력(影響力)이 큰 성격변수(性格變數)는 불신적(不信的) 성격(性格)이 11.1%, 무의욕적(無意慾的) 성격(性格)이 10.8%로 나타났다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2006

Objectives : The determination of oxalate in urine is required for the diagnosis and treatment of primary hyperoxaluria, idiopathic stone disease and various intestinal diseases. We examined the possibility of using Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy analysis to quantitate urinary oxalate. The practical advantages of this method include ease of the sample preparation and operation technique, the absence of sample pre-treatments, rapid determination and noninvasiveness. Methods : The range of oxalate concentration in standard urine solutions was $0-221mg/{\ell}$. These 80 different samples were scanned in the region of 780-1,300 nm with a 0.5 nm data interval by a Spectrum One NTS FT-NIR spectrometer. PCR, PLSR and MLR regression models were used to calculate and evaluate the calibration equation. Results : The PCR and PLSR calibration models were obtained from the spectral data and they are exactly same. The standard error of estimation (SEE) and the % variance were $10.34mg/{\ell}$ and 97.86%, respectively. After full cross validation of this model, the standard error of estimation was $5,287mg/{\ell}$, which was much smaller than that of the pre-validation. Furthermore, the MCC (multiple correlation coefficient) was 0.998, which was compatible with the 0.923 or 0.999 obtained from the previous enzymatic methods. Conclusions : These results showed that FT-NIR spectroscopy can be used for rapid determination of the concentration of oxalate in human urine samples.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and compare the factors influencing attitude toward one's own aging among Korean middle-aged adults and the elderly. Methods: A cross sectional study was performed with a total sample of 70 middle-aged adults and 64 elderly reside in two metropolitan areas. Data were collected from August 2015 to November 2015 using the Perceived Health Status Scale, the Health Locus of Control Scale and the Attitude Toward own Aging (ATOA) Scale. The statistics used include percentage, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression. Results: Mean age for each age group were about 52 and 76 years old for middle-aged adults and the elderly respectively. A considerable proportion of all participants reported a negative attitude toward aging. Perceived health status was the common factor influencing attitude toward one's own aging in both age groups. Middle-aged adults identified presence of chronic illness and internal health locus of control as important factors. In contrast, the elderly reported that education and others-dependent health locus of control such as powerful others had a significant impact on ATOA. Each regression model explained 31% and 55% of the total variance of ATOA among middle-aged adults and among the elderly. Conclusion: Both middle-aged adults and the elderly with low perceived health status are at risk of negative ATOA's. The type health locus of control need to be identified and utilized based on individuals' tendency to improve positive ATOA. That is, middle-aged adults might need reinforcement of their self-will whereas the elderly might need enhancement of social support and network of family and healthcare providers.