• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2010년도 제35회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.379-385
• /
• 2010

본 연구는 V-gutter형 보염기를 장착한 연소기 내에 발생한 연소 주파수의 발생 메커니즘에 대해 규명하는 것이다. 연소기는 $40{\times}40mm$의 단면적을 가진 긴 덕트 형상을 가지고 있으며, 10,12,14mm의 폭을 가진 V-gutter 형의 보염기를 장착하였다. 연료로 CNG를 수직 분사하여 실험을 수행하였다. 연소시 발생하는 주파수는 연소기의 형상에 기인한 1L 종방향 모드가 발생함을 확인하였다. 또한 보염기의 크기가 화염 가능 영역의 범위에 영향을 미침을 확인하였다. 그리고 종방향 모드의 압력변동이 화염 구조에 중요한 영향을 미침을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제24권12호
• /
• pp.1582-1582
• /
• 2000

Rayleigh scattering and laser induced predissociative fluorescence are employed for capturing two-dimensional images of temperature and species concentration in a laminar nonpremixed flame of a diluted hydrogen jet. Rayleigh scattering cross-sections are experimentally obtained at 248nm. Dispersed LIPF spectra of OH and O₂ are also measured in a flame in order to confirm the excitation of single vibronic state of OH and O₂are excited on the P₁(8) line of the A ²∑+ (v＇=3) - X ²∏(v˝=0) band and R(17) line of the Schumann-Runge band B ³∑u- (v＇=0) - X ³∑g-∏(v˝=6), respectively. Fluorescence spectra of OH and Hot O₂ are captured and two-dimensional images of the hydrogen flame field are successfully visualized.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.49-56
• /
• 2006

In this study, the movable flame hardening process of 12Cr steel for a uniform hardness and desirable residual stress have been investigated. For this, the temperature cycles have been controlled accurately as a function of the three processing variables, the flame intensity $I_f$, the scanning velocity $V_s$, and the initial flame holding time $t_h$, where the standard surface temperature $T_{s,\;max}$, was maintained at $960^{\circ}C$. The optimized conditions were $V_s=0.68mn/s\;and\;t_h=67sec$ for the $C_3H_8:O_2\;=\;5:20l/min,\;V_s=0.80mm/s$ and $t_h=56sec$ for the $C_3H_8:O_2=6:24l/min,\;V_s=1.01mm/s\;and\;t_h=48sec$ for the $C_3H_8:O_2=7:28l/min,\;and\;V_s=1.15mm/s$ and $t_h=39sec$ for the $C_3H_8:O_2$=8:32 l/min. The optimally flame-hardened surface exhibited uniform distributions of the hardness and residual compressive stress over the treated area with moderate levels of $470{\sim}490HV_{0.2}$in hardness and $-300{\sim}-450MPa$ in residual stress, which were acceptable on the basis of the acceptance criteria of Siemens AG-KWU and GE Power Generation Engineering.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 2015

The object of this study is to obtain the optimum mix proportion of halogen free compound with flame resistance and, for the purpose, thermal/electrical characteristics test are conducted using compatibilizing agents, flame resistance agents, hydroxide aluminum, sunscreen, antioxidant and silicon oil on the base resin of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Existing compound method accompanies many requirements to be satisfied including a lot of addition of flame resistance agents, prohibition of impact on mixing capability with base and property and etc. In this study, different from the existing method, the optimum mix proportion is determined and experimented by adding nano clay. Oxygen index test shows no difference between specimens while T-6, T-9 shows oxygen index of 29[%] and 26[%], respectively. This is concluded that hydroxide aluminum, which is a flame resistance agent, leads low oxygen index. From UL94-V vertical flame resistance test, the combustion behavior is determined as V-0, Fail based on UL94-V decision criteria. Viscometry shows low measurements in specimens with separate addition of compatibilizing agents or nano clay. Volume resistivity test shows low measurement mainly in specimens without compatibilizing agents. Therefore, with the flame resistance compound shows better performance for thermal/electrical property and the optimum mix proportion are achieved among many existing materials.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.623-629
• /
• 2001

The PSC (Propagation of Surfaces under Curvature) algorithm is adapted to the simulation of a flame propagation in a premixed medium including the effect of volume expansion across the flame front due to exothermicity. The algorithm is further developed to incorporate the flame anchoring scheme. This methodology is successfully applied to numerically simulate the response of an anchored V-flame to two strong free stream vortices, in accord with experimental observations of a passage of Karman vortex street through a flame. The simulation predicts flame cusping when a strong vortex pair interacts with flame front. In other words, this algorithm handles merging and breaking of the flame front and provides an accurate calculation of the flame curvature which is needed for flame propagation computation and estimation of curvature-dependent flame speeds.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
• /
• 제17권12호
• /
• pp.2019-2026
• /
• 2003

Spray and combustion characteristics of a dump-type ram-combustor equipped with a V-gutter flame holder were experimentally investigated. Spray penetrations with a change in airstream velocity, air stream temperature, and dynamic pressure ratio were measured to clarify the spray characteristics of a liquid jet injected into the subsonic vitiated airstream, which maintains a highly uniform velocity and temperature. An empirical equation was modified from Inamura's equation to compensate for experimental conditions. In the case of insufficient penetration, the flame in the ram-combustor was unstable, and vice versus in the case of sufficient penetration. When the flame holder was not equipped, the temperature at the center of the ram-combustor had a tendency to decrease due to the low penetration and insufficient mixing. Therefore, the temperature distribution was slanted to the low wall of the ram-combustor. These trends gradually disappeared as the length of the combustor became longer and the flame holder was equipped. Combustion efficiency increased when the length of the combustor was long and the flame holder was equipped. Especially, the effect of the flame holder was more dominant than that of the combustor length in light of combustion efficiency.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 2012년도 제45회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
• /
• pp.351-354
• /
• 2012

The characteristics of flame dynamics occurring near bluff body was experimentally investigated in a model combustor with V-gutter bluff body. Flashback occurs due to the change of pressure gradient in the combustor, and flashback distance depends on equivalent ratio. Unstable flames can be classified into three types depending on the flashback distance and structure. Re-stabilization takes place as the flame moves downstream. This process is supported by a strong vortex structure behind bluff body.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 2015년도 제51회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
• /
• pp.75-76
• /
• 2015

Lifted flame stabilization mechanism can be explained with constant Schmidt number from the equation of $H^{\ast}_L/d^2_o=const{\times}v_e^{(2Sc-1)/(Sc-1)}$. In this research, a method of local Schmidt number was applied in order to measure edge flame propagation velocities, and edge flame propagation velocity was calculated from the trend between lift-off height and nozzle flow rate.

• 한국추진공학회지
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.121-131
• /
• 2013

V-거터형 보염기가 장착된 덕트형 연소기에서 연소 불안정이 발생할 때 보염기 근처에서 나타나는 화염의 동특성에 대한 실험적 연구를 수행하였다. 화염 구조를 가시화하기 위해서 고속 카메라를 이용한 자발광 계측과 PIV 기법을 사용하였다. 연소 불안정이 발생하면 연소기 내부의 압력 구배에 변화가 생기면서 화염의 역화 현상이 일어나고, 역화의 진행거리는 당량비에 따라서 달라졌다. 역화의 진행거리와 구조에 따라 불안정 화염을 세 가지 유형으로 분류하였다. 일정 당량비 이상에서는 역화가 진행됨에 따라 보염기 앞쪽 끝단에서 특이한 화염 구조를 관측할 수 있었다. 순압력 구배에서 역화 되었던 화염면은 후류로 밀리고, 이때 보염기 안쪽에 형성된 와류로 인하여 재안정화가 이루어지는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국연소학회 2014년도 제49회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
• /
• pp.81-84
• /
• 2014

A Experimental study on flame extinction behavior was investigated using He curtain flow with counter triple co-flow burner. Buoyancy force was suppressed up to a microgravity level of $10^{-2}-10^{-3}g$ by using He curtain flow. The stability maps were provided with a functional dependency of diluent mole fraction and global strain rate to clarify the differences in flame extinction behavior. The flame extinction curves had C-shapes at various global strain rates. The oscillation and extinction modes were different each other in terms of the global strain rate, and the flames extinction modes could be classified into five modes such as (I) and (II): an extinction through the shrinkage of the outmost edge flame forward the flame center after self-excitation and without self-excitation, respectively, (III): an extinction through rapid advancement of a flame hole while the outmost edge flame is stationary, (IV): self-excitation occurs in the outermost edge flame and the center edge flame and then a donut shaped flame is formed and/or the flame is entirely extinguished, (V): shrinkage of the outermost edge flame without self-excitation followed by shrinkage or survival of the center flame. These oscillation and extinction modes could be identified well to the behavior of edge flame. The result also showed that the edge flame was influenced significantly by the conductive heat losses to the flame center or ambient He curtain flow.