• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2013

In the midst of growing demand for rural life of urban dwellers, this study tried to investigate the difference in behavior and recognition about urban rural exchange between Korea and Japan. For this, this study utilized 2,000 total samples of the survey conducted by MLIT in Japan, because Japan has experienced a low birth rate and aging population earlier and actively promoting urban rural exchange program than South Korea. The result of the analysis is as follows. First, the needs for rural life of urban dwellers are similar both in Japan and South Korea. However, Japanese prioritize future efforts to current efforts. Second, urban dwellers' activities in rural areas were classified into three categories; field trips and hands-on activities, cruise and circulating activities, and leisure activities. Third, similarly three types of visit or intercourse of urban dwellers into rural areas were classified; repeatedly visit the same place as 'iterative type', visit a new place as 'new pioneer type', and not yet determined as 'undefined type'. Variables such as age of household, income, number of inmate, and number of children were analyzed linked to these three types of visit or intercourse in a Discriminant analysis. As a result, only 'age of household', however, turned out to be the crucial factor which influence decisively distinguishing characteristics of these three types of visit into rural areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2004

The urban ecosystem, unlike the natural ecosystem, has been affected by the urban environment, so the existences of normal creatures have been threatened and eventually the stability has declined to consist of those that have adapted to such. Therefore, by creating a list of such organisms, their number of variety can be found out and their ecological distinction can be understood. Because flora is known to be an ecological index reflecting region's effects of human and societal environments, weather, and climates, it is a useful method of finding out the ecological position and distinctiveness of that region. The study site is part of watershed at Yangjae Stream, Kahngnam-ku, Seoul. In this study, the difference of flora in each land use type are investigated by plant identification. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the city's plant surviving environment, and eventually to contribute to the restoration of urban green spaces by finding out the plants which are appropriate for the corresponding environment. After doing the study, it was found that the urban forest is the most stable urban ecosystem while the urban park is seriously disturbed, and ecologically unstable. The urban stream is also disturbed continuously.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.321-338
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• 2014

This study was examined the level of satisfaction in rural settlement and analyzed its differences according to various demographic variables and characteristics of urban-rural migration. The analysis was conducted by considering returning farmers residing in rural areas. A statistical analysis was conducted using t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Duncan's multiple-range test with a total of 210 responses. First, satisfaction with the convenience of living facilities varied significantly according to the occupation before urban-rural migration, responses of family members and friends to urban-rural migration, and the initial capital for urban-rural migration. Second, satisfaction with the natural environment varied significantly according to age and reasons for urban-rural migration. Third, satisfaction with the transportation environment varied significantly according to gender, the period of residence after urban-rural migration, and the employment type of the returning farmer. Fourth, satisfaction with neighborliness varied significantly according to parents' occupation, agricultural experience before urban-rural migration, experience in agriculture-related social life before urban-rural migration, reasons for urban-rural migration, the type of urban-rural migration, and the employment type of the returning farmer. Fifth, satisfaction with the agricultural environment varied significantly according to responses of family members and friends to urban-rural migration, the period of residence after urban-rural migration, and reasons for urban-rural migration. Sixth, satisfaction with the housing environment varied significantly according to the residential area, the agricultural experience before urban-rural migration, and the period of residence after urban-rural migration.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.107-113
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• 2017

This paper deals with the traffic factors related to the collisions of circular intersections. The purpose of this study is to develop traffic accident models by type of collision based on land use. In pursuing the above, the traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the "Traffic Accident Analysis System (TAAS)" data set of the Road Traffic Authority. A multiple regression model was utilized in this study to develop the traffic accident models by type of collision. 17 explanatory variables such as geometry and traffic volume factors were used. The main results are as follows. First, the null hypothesis that the type of land use does not affect the number of accidents by type of collision is rejected. Second, 10 accident models by type of collision based on land use are developed, which are all statistically significant. Finally, the ADT, inscribed circle diameter, bicycle lane, area of central island, number of speed hump, circulatory roadway width, splitter island, area of circulatory roadway, mean number of entry lane and mean width of entry lane are analyzed to see how they affect accident by type of accident based on land use.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.125-136
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• 2014

Urban Green Area has ecologically deteriorated along with quantitative loss, being developed as a dot itself rather than connected to forests and green networks around the park. The present study aims to propose a connected plan on Urban Ecological Network establishment through 'assessment of the connectivity of the entire urban parks' in accordance with distance of forest and river and 'assessment of trends in connection fragmentation of urban parks' in accordance with the past change of forest and river. According to the result of this study, criteria based on previous research was "directly linked type is less than 300m, conceptually linked type is between 300m to 1km, the isolated type is greater than 1km". And the result of 'assessment of the connectivity of the entire urban parks' is analyzed as the rate of park and green network, 41.7% in Suwon, 80.0% in Seongnam, 88.9% in Namyangju on the basis of office and field investigation. Also, according to the result of 'assessment of trends in connection fragmentation of urban parks', consideration for connection to the original forest is insufficient.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.42-58
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to classify types of urban flower landscape. As a result of the study, first, through literature and case review, it was found that the four elements of place element, form element, natural element, artificial element, should be included in the sentence and key expression for defining the concept of flower landscape. In contemplating these four elements, a newly reconstructed concept of flower landscape was presented. This is expected to be the basis for the flower landscape integration theory. Second, flower landscape was defined as a genre and a unit of urban landscape. In addition, in order to build a system of flower landscape as a specialized area, after considering the concept, characteristics, and functions of a large category of urban landscape, its hierarchical categories with flower landscape were newly arranged. Thus, the flower landscape as an urban landscape was suggested. Third, in order to provide rational selection materials to consumers through type classification, related theories were investigated by expanding not only to the flower field, but also to the urban planning and urban ecology fields. 41 elements for the type classification were extracted, and 4 core elements were derived through the clustering process. Based on the 4 elements as the classification criteria, through the opinion verification from the FGI with experts, 9 types of middle-classification and 30 types of small-classification were derived. As a follow-up research suggestion, if a valid type is additionally established through a monitoring in the type application process, and more specified application types are developed and organized by expanding second-level classification hierarchy to the third-level hierarchy, this will lead to great studies improving the system of the types.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.6 no.1 s.11
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• pp.47-65
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• 1997

In the time of the rule of Japanese imperialism, Japanese style official residence played major role at the implantation of modern dwellings into Korea and its influences on Korean modern dwellings are distinguishable. This study focuses on the Japanese style official residence implanted into Korea before 1910. Before 1910 Japanese civilians in Korea builded just a traditional Japanese dwellings at the Japanese settlement in the ports opened. But Japanese engineers engaged in governmental organization of construction in the Old-Korean Empire builded a central corridor type Japanese dwellings as official residence. The central corridor type Japanese dwelling was an urban dwelling compromised between Japanese style and western style and distinguished by an outer-court type plan, Japanese entrance hall, central corridor and western style reception room. It is certified that the central corridor type Japanese dwelling was implanted into Korea before 1910 and this was the first time an urban dwelling to be implanted and spread through the whole Korea. The central corridor type Japanese dwelling implanted into Korea took in On-Dol and transformed to Korea-Japanese eclectic style. The central corridor type Japanese dwellings implanted into Korea in the time of the rule of Japanese imperialism makes function as a precedent of a modern urban dwelling to Korean and makes Korean dwellings transform from the rural inner court type into the urban outer court type.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2013

In this research, a representative type of the housing plan was extracted on the basis of elements that exert the influence on the discrimination of the plan type, in other words, plan composition. Firstly, 'connection type of the room' and 'composition type of LDK (living room, dining room and kitchen)' were selected as elements of the plan type. Secondly, three forms of 'connection type of the room' became clear namely 'middle corridor type', 'living room centered type' and 'entrance hall type', as the factors that discriminate plan composition specifically. Thirdly, 'LD/K type' and 'L/D/K type' were confirmed as the factors in 'composition type of LDK'. Finally, four combinations of plan type, such as 'living room centered type-LD/K type', 'middle corridor type-LD/K type', 'living room centered type-L/D/K type' and 'entrance hall type-LD/K type' were confirmed as the representative types. These four combinations are the representative plan types of the urban LDK houses in Japan.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.141-148
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• 2006

Recently, human's life is more longer and the birth rate continually decrease by the development of medical technology. In 2026 the ratio of the elderly will come up to 20.8% and be a 'post-aged society'. Development of economy and industrialization not only accelerate the urbanization and formation of nuclear family, but also change the changing of traditional society and one's value. So the issue of society and value's changing in the elderly increase the centralizing in the silver industry, and by the recent research about the elderly, they not want to live with their children, but want to live independently. This study is meaningful at the next generation of Ubiquitous society and post-aged society, proposing the smart silver town in urban type and let the elderly keeping the existing life in city. It realize the concept of 'Aging in Place' and propose the smart silver town in urban type which appropriate to behavior of the elderly, and being satisfy with various requirements of the elderly. This study point up the combination of physical elements and electronic elements through the smart technology, and making an smart environment to compose the smart silver town in urban type which react the behavior of the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.12-18
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences of middle school students' recognition of food and nutrition part in Home Economics by gender, school location and school type. The study was carried out through questionnaire about three category: perception (interests, practical usefulness, attitude change in food behavior), difficulty (nutrition and health in adolescence, balanced diet, principle of cooking and preparing food), necessity (nutrition and health in adolescence, balanced diet, principle of cooking and preparing food). The subjects were 1014 middle school students of 1st grade in Jeonbuk area; urban 334, suburban 339 and rural 341. The results of this study were as follows. 1) There was difference in ‘interests’ by gender (girls > boys), school location (urban, suburban > rural) and school type (coeducation > boys, girls). There were differences in ‘practical usefulness’ by school location (urban > rural) and in ‘attitude change in food behavior’ by school location (urban > suburban > rural) and school type (boys, girls > coeducation). 2) There was difference in difficulty in section of ‘nutrition and health in adolescence’ by school location (suburban > rural). There were no differences in section of ‘balanced diet’ by gender, school location and school type. But there were differences in section of ‘ principle of cooking and preparing food’ by school location (urban, rural > suburban) and school type (coeducation > boys). 3) There were differences in necessity for ‘balanced diet’ and for ‘ principle of cooking and preparing food’ by school location (urban, suburban > rural) and school type (coeducation > boys, girls). Characteristically, the boys had more necessity for ‘nutrition and health in adolescence’ and for ‘balanced diet’ than girls but girls had more necessity for ‘principle of cooking and preparing food’ than boys. It suggests that gender, school type and school location should be considered for an effective and practical curriculum of food and nutrition part in Home Economics.