• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 2007

Dyeing properties of soybean fabrics on gromwell colorants were studied for the effect of dyeing conditions, such as colorants concentration, temperature, time and pH on the dye uptake and effect of mordants on color change, dye uptake and various colorfastness. Antimicrobial activity of soybean fabrics dyed and sim-mordanted with gromwell colorants was examined by shake flask method. Gromwell colorants showed considerably affinity to soybean fabric and its isotherm adsorption curve was Freundlich type. Therefore, it is considered that hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals force were involved in the adsorption of gromwell colorants to soybean fabric. Soybean fabrics showed R color on Al, Cu and Sn mordant, RP color on Cr and Fe mordant, but soybean fabrics showed low dye uptake depending on mordanting treatment. Light colorfastness was increased for Cr and Fe mordants. Staphylococcus aureus reduction rates were above 90% for Cr and Cu mordanted soybean fabrics, and the others were poor. Klebsiella pneumoniae reduction rates soybean fabrics did not show reduction rate hardly.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 1968

The effects of iodocasein, tapazole, and diethylstilbestrol in the thyroidal activity of chicken were tested. Iodocasein and tapazole were mixed with basal ration at the levels of 0.17 and 0.01 per cent respectively and were fed to one-weeks-old chicken for two months. Six milligrams of diethylstilbestrol were implanted in the subcutaneous tissue. Subsequently 10 uci of radioactive iodine $I^{131}$ were injected intramuscularly into each of the chicken to measure the thyroidal activities of the chicken one month after the treatment was started. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The thyroidal uptake of $I^{131}$ was not observed in the iodocasein group 2) The highest thyroidal uptake rates of I were shown twelve hours after the injection in the all groups except the iodocasein group. 3) The higher thyroidal uptake rates of I were observed in the female chicken than in the male chicken(P<0.01) of the control and the tapazole groups. However, the significant difference between the two sexes was not found in the diethylstilbestrol group. 4) Tapazole at the level of 0.01 per cent of the basal ration of the chicken increased the thyroidal activity slightly.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.170-173
• /
• 2006

This study was conducted to analyze the effects of fowl manure application on growth and quality of Ficus benjamiana. The growth of F. benjamiana was the best at the application of 10% fowl manure. The nutrient uptake increased as the dates passed after transplanting. By the elements, the uptake amount was high in order of N>K>Ca>P>Mg. By fowl manure application rates, the nutrient uptake was the highest in 10%. The mot growth characteristics improved in higher fowl manure application rates, and it was the best in 10%.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.45-50
• /
• 1975

Uptake of $^{14}C$-sorbose and $^{14}C$-3-O-methylglucose by ungerminated conidia of Neurospora crassa was measured by means of the millipore filter technique. Initial rates of jptake of both sorbose and 3-O-methylglucose show a marked dependence optimal pH for uptake of both sugars is close to 4.75. When ungerminated conidia are "starved" with buffer for a prolonged period of time prior to assaying their transport capacity and mycelia, no de-repression of the glucose-repressible sugar transport system is effectuated in contrast to the findings for germinated conidia.d conidia.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.64-72
• /
• 2007

Iron is an important micronutrient for plants. Iron metabolism is a complex mechanism under a delicate balance. Iron metabolism represents two major problems for plants: deficiency as a consequence of solubility problems and toxicity due to excess solubility in anaerobic conditions. In the last few years, new genes have been discovered that influence iron uptake, transport and storage. Irrigated rice is exposed to high levels of $Fe^{II}$, normally rare in aerobic soil conditions. The implications of altering iron uptake rates and the effects of newly discovered genes are discussed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.12 no.8
• /
• pp.853-860
• /
• 2003

Plants sequester atmospheric CO$_2$, a major agent of climate change, during the growing periods and mitigate its rising accumulation in the atmosphere. Pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica are the native tree species dominant in the temperate forests of Korea. This study quantified the annual CO$_2$ uptake by the two species at forest sites in Chuncheon in the middle of the country. The quantification was based on seasonal measurements of CO$_2$ exchange rates under natural conditions by an infrared gas analyzer over the growing season (1999). The monthly CO$_2$ uptake per unit leaf area ranged from 1.6-6.7 mg/d㎡/h for P. densiflora and from 3.7-8.9 mg/d㎡/h for Q. mongolica, with a maximum in mid-summer. An equation for each species was generated to estimate easily the annual CO$_2$ uptake by total leaf area per tree, which subtracted the CO$_2$ release (i.e. respiration) by leaves and woody organs from the gross CO$_2$ uptake (diurnal uptake and release by leaves). Annual CO$_2$ release by leaves and woody organs accounted for 58-73％ of the gross CO$_2$ uptake across tree specimens. Annual CO$_2$ uptake per tree increased with increasing dbh (stem diameter at breast height) for the study diameter range, and was greater for Q. mongolica than for P. densiflora in the same dbh sizes. This was mainly associated with a greater total leaf area in the former. For example, the annual CO$_2$ uptake by one tree with dbh of 25 cm was 35.6 kg/yr for P. densiflora and 47.9 kg/yr for Q. mongolica. The results from this study can be applied to evaluate an atmospheric CO$_2$ reduction of woody plants by forest type and age class.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
• /
• v.14 no.9
• /
• pp.873-879
• /
• 2005

This study was investigate to evaluate the phosphate uptake rate of green algae in relation to diurnal rhythm and algae control method. The phosphate uptake rates of Chlorella vulgaris and Ankistrodesmus convolutus increased in light period and decreased in dark period. On the contrary, those of Chlamydomonas sp. showed a peak in the late dark period. The differences among species in phosphate uptake in relation to diurnal rhythm were due to the severe competition among species and seemed to alleviate the competition for nutrient supplies. The compound of CellCaSi, Ca and Fe showed the effective removal of the phosphorus. The extracts from rice and barley straw exhibited a significant effect on the growth inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.157-166
• /
• 2005

Uptake kinetics of Cd and Zn by leaves and rhizome of the seagrass Zostera marina were examined in controlled laboratory radiotracer experiments. Subsequently, acute toxicity of Cd, Cu and TBT on photosynthetic quantum yield (ΔF/Fm’ of Z. marina were determined, and the differential sensitivities of rapid light curve (RLC) to those harmful substances were also compared. All measurements on photosynthetic activity were determined by chlorophyll a fluorescence method using pulse amplitude modulation (PAM). Metal uptake by Z. marina was saturated with increasing exposure time in leaves and rhizomes. Uptake of Zn by Z. marina was faster than that of Cd. Metal uptake rates in Z. marina decreased with the increase of dissolved metal concentrations and also with the increase of biomass. The adverse effect of TBT on effective quantum yield was stronger than other pollutants. Average acute toxicity on the RLC of the seagrass exposed to TBT and two heavy metals (Cd and Cu) was going to decrease as follows: TBT > Cd > Cu. Our preliminary results in this study suggested that Z. marina potentially can be used as a biomonitor of harmful substances contamination in coastal waters.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.187-194
• /
• 2002

A seaweed biofilter/production system of being developed to reduce the environmental impact of marine fish farm effluent in coastal ecosystems as a part of an integrated aquaculture system. Several known seaweed taxa and their cultivars have been considered as candidate biofilter organisms based on their species-specific physiological properties such as nutrient uptake kinetics and their economic value. Porphyra is an excellent cadidate and shows efficient nutrient extraction properties. Rates of ammonium uptake were maintained at around 3 ${\mu}moles{\cdot}g{\cdot}dw^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ at 150 ${\mu}M$ inorganic nitrogen at $10^{\circ}C$. Ulva is another possible biofilter candidate with an uptake rate of 1.9 ${\mu}moles{\cdot}g{\cdot}dw^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ under same conditions. A simple uptake/growth and harvest model was applied to estimate the efficiency of the biofilter/production system. The model was deterministic and used a compartment model structure based on difference equations. The efficiency of Porpyra filter was estimated over 17% of ${NH_4}^+$ removal from the contimuous supply of 100 ${\mu}mole{\cdot}l^{-1}\;{NH_4}^+\;at\;100l{\cdot}sec^{-1}$ flow rate.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 1999

Cancer cells are known to show increased rates of glycolysis metabolism. Based on this, PET studies using F-18-fluorodeoxyglucose have been used for the detection of primary and metastatic tumors. To account for this increased glucose uptake, a variety of mechanisms has been proposed. Glucose influx across the cell membrane is mediated by a family of structurally related proteins known as glucose transporters (Gluts). Among 6 isoforms of Gluts, Glut-1 and/or Glut-3 have been reported to show increased expression in various tumors. Increased level of Glut mRNA transcription is supposed to be the basic mechanism of Glut overexpression at the protein level. Some oncogens such as src or ras intensely stimulate Glut-1 by means of increased Glut-1 mRNA levels. Hexokinase activity is another important factor in glucose uptake in cancer cells. Especially hexokinase type II is considered to be involved in glycolysis of cancer cells. Much of the hexokinase of tumor cells is bound to outer membrane of mitochondria by the porin, a hexokinase receptor. Through this interaction, hexokinase may gain preferred access to ATP synthesized via oxidative phosphorylation in the inner mitochondria compartment. Other biologic factors such as tumor blood flow, blood volume, hypoxia, and infiltrating cells in tumor tissue are involved. Relative hypoxia may activate the anaerobic glycotytic pathway. Surrounding macrophages and newly formed granulation tissue in tumor showed greater glucose uptake than did viable cancer cells. To expand the application of FDG PET in oncology, it is important for nuclear medicine physicians to understand the related mechanisms of glucose uptake in cancer tissue.