• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2002

The results of an experimental study on Saemangeum dredged sands are presented. Undrained triaxial compression tests were performed with there different initial relative densities, namely 18, 34, and 50%, intend to evaluate undrained Behavior. All undrained triaxial compression tests were performed under static loading conditions. Undrained triaxial compression tests were exhibited complete static liquefaction, zero effective confining pressure and zero stress difference at lower confining pressures. As confining pressures were increased, the effective stress paths indicated increasing resistance to static liquefaction by showing increasing dilatant tendencies. The fines and larger particles create a particle structure with high compressibility at lower confining pressure. The effect of increasing relative density was to increase the resistance of the sand against static liquefaction by making the sand more dilatant.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제52권3호
• /
• pp.73-79
• /
• 2010

In the present study, the loading frequency dependencies of cyclic shear strength and elastic shear modulus of reconstituted clay were examined by performing undrained cyclic triaxial tests and undrained cyclic triaxial tests to determine deformation properties. The result of undrained cyclic triaxial test of reconstituted and saturated clay shows that a faster frequency leads to higher stress amplitude ratio, but when the frequency becomes fast up to a certain point, the stress amplitude ratio will reach its maximum limit and the frequency dependence becomes insignificant. And also, the result of undrained cyclic triaxial deformation test shows a fact that a faster loading frequency leads to higher equivalent shear modules and smaller hysteresis damping ratio, and confirms the frequency dependence of cohesive soil. Meanwhile, the result of the creep test shows that continuing creep is created in the undrained cyclic triaxial test with slow loading frequency rate, and since loading rate becomes slower at the vicinity of the maximum and the minimum deviator stress due to sine wave loading, the vicinity of the maximum and the minimum deviator stress shall be more influenced by creep.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 연약지반처리위원회 학술세미나
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2000

SHANSEP method involves the consolidation to stresses in excess of the preconsolidation pressure in order to overcome sample disturbance effect. The concept of SHANSEP is based on an approach to laboratory test which attempts to reproduce the in-situ conditions more closely than is possible in routine tests and evaluates normalized strength parameters for the soil as a function of OCR. But SHANSEP method can be applied only to fairly uniform clay deposits, and is unsuitable for a random deposit. In this study, CK/sub o/U triaxial compression test and incremental loading consolidation test were performed for the application of SHANSEP method on Yangsan clay. During the K/sub o/-consolidation, triaxial specimens were consolidated to stress equal to two times the in-situ vertical effective stress. And for overconsolidated condition, the specimens were swelled to a known vertical effective stress in order to have the desired OCR. With the results of CK/sub o/U triaxial compression test using the block samples, the relationship between c/sub u//σ/sub vc/' and OCR on Yangsan clay was established. For evaluating the undrained shear strength of Yangsan clay with depth, CK/sub o/U triaxial compression test was performed using the piston samples taken from Yangsan site. And also undrained shear strength was analyzed from the in-situ test such as Cone Penetration Test(CPT), Dilatometer Test(DMT), and Field Vane Test(FVT) and was compared with that of CK/sub o/U triaxial compression test.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회
• /
• pp.1124-1131
• /
• 2008

Thanks to a new in-situ seismic probe, using bender elements and penetration scheme, a simple linear relationship between undrained shear strength(Cu) and shear wave velocity(Vs) was obtained. This priceless relationship is worthy to be illuminated further in ideal laboratory environment. To avoid sampling disturbance effect, special consolidation cylinders were used to make normally consolidated specimens from kaolinite suspension. The undrained shear strengths of the specimens were measured using unconsolidated undrained triaxial compression tests. Also shear wave velocity measurements were performedprior to shearing the same specimens, using the bender elements installed in the base pedestal and the top cap of the triaxial compression cell. The Cu-Vs relationship is fairly linear and supports the linear trend of clayey silt obtained using field testing. Also the classic density-shear modulus relationship for soft clay proposed by Hardin and Black(1969) was once more verified hereby.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.9-18
• /
• 1996

실험실에서 재 성형한 정규압밀점토에 대하여 실시된 일련의 삼축압축시험 거동결과를 등방단일경화구성모델에 의한 예측치와 비교검토한다. 이 모델사용에 필요한 열한개의 계수는 등방압밀공시체에 대한 비배수삼축압축시험 결과로부터 간단히 결정된다. 이렇게 결정된 계수를 활용한 이 모델로 이방압밀공시체를 대상으로 한 비배수삼축압축시험시의 응력-변형률 및 간극 수압의 거동이 예측된다. 또한 등방압밀공시체 및 이방압밀공시체를 대상으로 실시한 배수삼축 압축시의 응력-변형률 및 체적변형률 거동예측에도 이 모델을 적용하였다. 예측치와 시험치의 비교결과 비배수삼축압축시험의 경우는 등방압밀공시체와 이방압밀공시체 모두에 좋은 일치를 보이고 있다. 그러나 배수삼축압축시험의 경우는 초기 체적변형률의 예측치가 시험치보다 약간 작게 나타나다가 파괴점에 근접함에 따라서는 예측치가 시험치보다 커지는 경향을 보이고 있다. 그러나 전반적인 응력 -변형률거동은 좋은 일치를 보이고 있음을 알 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구결과 이 모델은 정규압밀점토의 거동예측에 적용성이 충분히 있다고 생각된다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제17권5호
• /
• pp.497-505
• /
• 2019

Biocementation based on the microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) process is a novel soil improvement method. Biocement can improve significantly the properties of soils by binding soil particles to increase the shear strength or filling in the pores to reduce the permeability of soil. In this paper, results of triaxial consolidated undrained (CU) tests and constant shear drained (CSD) tests on biocemented Ottawa sand are presented. In the CU tests, the biocemented sand had more dilative behaviour by showing a higher stress-strain curves and faster pore pressure reducing trends as compared with their untreated counterparts. In the CSD tests, the stress ratio q/p' at which biocemented sand became unstable was higher than that for untreated sands, implying that the biocementation will improve the stability of sand to water infiltration or liquefaction.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제18권5호
• /
• pp.7-18
• /
• 2002

일반적으로 자연상태의 흙은 일차원 압밀을 받고 있으므로 등방압밀시료와는 그 거동양상이 상이하게 나타난다. 그러나 대부분의 실내시험에서는 실험상의 어려움과 시험장비의 부족으로 인하여 주로 등방시험을 통한 연구가 실시되고 있는 것이 현실이다. 따라서 비교적 간단한 등방 삼축 압축시험 결과로부터 $K_o$상태의 간극수압 및 비배수 전단강도를 추정할 수 있다면 매우 효과적이라 할 수 있을 것이다. 본 연구에서는 재성형된 이암풍화토를 이용하여 등방삼축압축시험과 $K_o$ 삼축압축시험을 실시하고, 쌍곡선 모델을 적용하여 간극수압비에 관련된 상수를 도출하였다. 그리고 Lo(1969)가 제안한 식을 적용하여 등방시험에서 얻어진 간극수압의 결과로부터 Ko 시험시 발생하는 간극수압의 거동을 예측함으로써 Lo(1969)식의 타당성을 검토하였다. 또한 압밀방법에 따른 비배수 전단강도를 함수비와 연관지어 살펴봄으로서 압밀방법이 전단강도에 미치는 영향을 파악하였다. 끝으로 한계상태 개념에 기초한 Wroth(1984)을 식을 적용하여 등방시험시의 비배수 전단강도로 부터 $K_o$ 상태의 비배수 전단강도를 예측하고 그 결과를 실험치와 비교함으로서 식의 유용성을 검증하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.29-39
• /
• 2002

본 연구에서는 미소변형률에서 파괴규준을 포함하는 대변형률에 이르는 전체 변형률 영 역의 거동을 획득하기 위하여, LVDT를 장착하여 국부변위를 측정한 삼축압축시험을 수행하였다. 이러한 결과 미소변형률(0.001% 수준)에서 대변형를까지(10%)의 거동을 합리적으로 구할 수 있었으며, 불교란 및 교란 풍화토 시료에서의 변형계수가 미소변형률 영역에서 유사하게 나타났다. 그리고 공진주(RC)시험과 비배수 삼축압축시험에서 구한 정규화 전단변형계수$(G/G_{max})$ 곡선이 일치한 반면 최대전단변형계수$(G/G_{max})$는 포화도에 따라 상이하게 나타났다. 또한 비등방경화 구성모델의 계수 연구를 통하여 전체 변형률 영역 거동을 합리적으로 예측할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.427-437
• /
• 2019

Waste materials are being produced in huge quantities globally, and the usual practice is to dump them into legal or illegal landfills. Recycled tiles (RT) are being used in soil stabilisation which is considered as sustainable solution to reduce the amount of waste and solve the geotechnical problems. Although the stabilisation of soil using RT improved the soil properties, it could not achieve the standard values required for construction. Thus, this study uses 20% RT together with low cement content (2%) to stabilise soft soil. Series of consolidated undrained triaxial compression tests were conducted on untreated and RT-cement treated samples. Each test was performed at 7, 14, and 28 days curing period and 50, 100, and 200 kPa confining pressures. The results revealed an improvement in the undrained shear strength parameters (cohesion and internal frication angle) of treated specimens compared to the untreated ones. The cohesion and friction angle of the treated samples were increased with the increase in curing time and confining pressure. The peak deviator stress of treated samples increases with the increment of either the effective confining pressures or the curing period. Microstructural and chemical tests were performed on both untreated and RT-cement treated samples, which included field emission scanning electron microscopic (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX). The results indicated the formation of cementation compounds such as calcium aluminium hydrate (C-A-H) within the treated samples. Consequently, the newly formed compounds were responsible for the improvement observed in the results of the triaxial tests. This research promotes the utilisation of RT to reduce the amount of cement used in soil stabilisation for cleaner planet and sustainable environment.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국농공학회 2001년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
• /
• pp.351-354
• /
• 2001

Undrained cyclic triaxial compression tests were performed on Saemangeum dredged sand to evaluate factors affecting liquefaction strength and liquefaction behaviour characteristics. The results of these tests show that cyclic liquefaction can occur not only very loose sand(Relative density is 30%) but also dense sand(Relative density is 70%). To evaluate effect of the over consolidation ratio on the liquefaction strength, a series of undrained cyclic triaxial compression test was peformed, and the result of this test showed that the liquefaction of this test showed that the liquefaction strength of Saemangeum dredged sand approximately increased to square root of over consolidation ratio in the range of O.C.R value of 1.0 to 4.0. In the anisotropically consolidated sample tests, the liquefaction strength is increased by increasing the effective consolidation ratio.