• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1299-1308
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• 1994

본 연구는 사장교의 차량하중에 의한 동적거동을 파악하고자 수치해석상 비교적 간단한 일본의 풍리(豊里)(Toyosato)대교(大橋)의 자료를 근거로하여 수치해석 대상모델을 구조형식별로, 여러가지 설계변수-즉, (1) 경간비, (2) 중앙경간장과 주탑높이와의 비, (3) 거어더의 강성, (4) 주탑의 강성, (5) 케이블의 강성-을 변화시켜 수치해석을 수행하여 동적거동을 파악하고, 그 결과를 가지고 설계변수의 영향 및 충격계수의 변화에 대하여 비교 분석하였다. 이때 변위 및 단면력의 영향선을 구하기 위한 해석은 전달행렬법을 이용하였으며, 동적해석에 있어서는 평면구조계의 집중질량계로 모델을 가정하여 차량과 교량의 운동방정식을 유도한 후 모드중첩법을 사용하여 각 질점에 대한 변위 및 단면력의 동적시간이력을 구하였다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.163-173
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 억지말뚝으로 보강된 사면에서 한계평형 해석법과 3차원 해석 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 특히, 유한차분법을 이용한 FLAC 3D를 바탕으로 하는 커플링 해석에 주안점을 두었으며, FLAC을 이용하여 전단강도감소기법에 따른 보강사면의 안전율을 계산하기 위해 FLAC의 내장언어인 FISH를 이용하여 작성하였다. 커플링 해석에서 억지말뚝에 의한 안정화된 사면을 해석하기 위해 말뚝의 거동과 사면안정을 동시에 고려하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이 두 방법을 적용하여 일렬 억지말뚝이 사면선단, 중앙부, 정부에 위치할 경우에 있어서 각각의 활동 파괴면 및 안전율을 비교 분석하였으며 강도정수 감소법을 적용한 해석기법의 적용성과 타당성에 대한 분석을 수행하였다.

• 한국해양학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.107-113
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• 1993

하구 혼합이 활발한 만경.동진강하구에서 박테리아와 일차생산자와의 상호 관계 의 특징에 대해, 그리고 이러한 관계의 특징이 일차생산자의 군집구조와 어떠한 관련 이 있는가에 대해 1990년 7월에서 1991년 10월 동안 4회에 걸친 측정자료를 분석하였 다. 연구기간 동안 엽록소와 생산량만이 의미있는 관계 ($r^2$>0.36, p<0.02) 를 나타내어, 본 연구해역에서 일차생산자의 생물량에 관련된 과정이 박테리아의 생산 량과 관련이 있었으며를 시사하였다. 그러나 유광대내의 박테리아 생산량은 일차생산 량은 매우 적은 부분(평균2.6%)을 차지하여, 두 변수 사이에 uncouplin이 존재함을 시 사하였다. 이러한 uncoupling은 동물플랑크톤의 먹이인 식물플랑크톤이 주로 개체 크 기가 크고 사슬을 형성하는 규조류로 구성되어 있는 먹이사슬 구조에 기인하는 것으로 추측된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.637-654
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• 2011

The present paper studies the variation of the natural frequencies and mode shapes of rectangular plates carrying a three degree-of-freedom spring-mass system (subsystem), when the subsystem changes (stiffness, mass, moment of inertia, location). An analytical approach based on Lagrange multipliers as well as a finite element formulation are employed and compared. Numerically reliable results are presented for the first time, illustrating the convenience of using the present analytical method which requires only the solution of a linear eigenvalue problem. Results obtained through the variation of the mass, stiffness and moment of inertia of the 3-DOF system can be understood under the effective mass concept or Rayleigh's statement. The analysis of frequency values of the whole system, when the 3-DOF system approaches or moves away from the center, shows that the variations depend on each particular mode of vibration. When the 3-DOF system is placed in the center of the plate, "new" modes are found to be a combination of the subsystem's modes (two rotations, traslation) and the bare plate's modes that possess the same symmetry. This situation no longer exists as the 3-DOF system moves away from the center of the plate, since different bare plate's modes enable distinct motions of the 3-DOF system contributing differently to the "new' modes as its location is modified. Also the natural frequencies of the compound system are nearly uncoupled have been calculated by means of a first order eigenvalue perturbation analysis.

• 센서학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.51-56
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• 2016

This study evaluates the performance of an optical sensor and measurement system (CMA-24) which can analyze the fluctuation of dissolved oxygen and pH simultaneously. In the optical sensor system, the fluorescent materials, Rudpp and HPTS which are sensitive to dissolved oxygen and pH, respectively, are coated on the bottom of a 24-well -plate by the sol-gel technology. The detection times of the emission light of the oxygen sensor were $4,186{\pm}13.90{\mu}s$ and $4,452{\pm}36.68{\mu}s$ for the dissolved oxygen of 17% $O_2$ and 7.6% $O_2$, respectively. On the other hand, the detection times of the pH sensor were $6,699.43{\pm}14.64{\mu}s$, $6,722.24{\pm}6.21{\mu}s$, and $6,748.52{\pm}2.63{\mu}s$ using pH 6, 7, and 8, respectively. When we determined cellular respiration levels of C2C12 myocytes with CMA-24, $O_2$/pH measurement system, the ratio of the uncoupled to coupled OCR (oxygen consumption rate) was 1.41. The results mean that this CMA-24 system shows almost the same sensitiveness as the commercial system.

• 센서학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.36-42
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• 2010

This paper describes a multi channel measurement system which can measure the cellular respiration level in a solution containing cells by using a Clark-type sensor with the solution temperature control unit. The Clark-type sensor can measure the cellular respiration level in the solution because it can measure the reduction current depending on the dissolved oxygen level in the solution. This measurement system was maintained the temperature within ${\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$ of the setting temperature value by on/off control method in order to measure the precise cellular respiration level. The measurement system showed that the applied voltage to the working electrode was very stable(-0.8 V$\pm$ 0.0071 V) by using proportional control method. From the current measurement, the response time and the linearity correlation coefficient were 25 sec and 0.94, respectively, which are very close to the results of the commercial product. Using this system and the fabricated Clarktype sensor, the average ratio of the uncoupled OCR(oxygen consumption rate) to the coupled OCR was 1.35 and this is almost the same as that obtained from a commercial systems.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2008

축소시스템 기법은 전체 구조의 거동을 나타내는 저차 고유모드를 근사화한다. 지난 연구에서 축소시스템을 구축하기 위한 2단계 축소기법을 제안하였다. 또, 기존의 2단계 축소기법을 반복적 IRS기법을 통해 중간 주파수 대역의 고유모드에 대한 해의 정확도를 높이는 방안에 대해 연구가 제안되었다. 본 연구에서는 기존의 향상된 2단계 축소기법에 다단계 부구조화 기법을 적용하는 기법을 제안한다. 첫 단계에서는 전체 시스템을 그래프 분할을 통해 계층적으로 부구조로 분할되고, 두 번째 단계에서는 각각의 부구조를 개선된 2단계 축소기법을 이용하여 축소한다. 각각의 축소된 분절화된 고유치문제의 조합을 총해 최종적 축소시스템을 구축하고 이렇게 구한 축소된 고유치 문제를 란초스 기법(ARPACK)을 통해 해석한다. 최종적으로 제안된 기법의 성능을 수치 예제를 통해 검증한다.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.43-49
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• 2011

In this study, the dynamic characteristics of an air spring connected with an external chamber through a flexible tube are examined. The uncoupled dynamic parameters of the air spring are identified through experiments, followed by the suggestion of a model-based approach to obtain the remaining coupled dynamic parameters using the various frequency response functions derived in PART I paper [1]. To improve or control the damping characteristics of the air spring, this vibration isolation air spring system is physically established in laboratory scale. And we attempt to identify various parameters used to describe to air spring system by both theoretically [1] and experimentally, which is performed in this report. The damping parameter of the tube system is identified through experiments on the system incorporated with the air cylinder, and a nonlinear regression procedure is employed to find solutions. The resulting value is used to expect the frequency response function of dynamic pressure in the top chamber (air spring) with respect to that in the bottom chamber (external chamber). Comparison with the experimental data supports the validity of the present estimation procedures. Also, the dynamic mechanism of the damping effects particularly in a low frequency range is investigated through this experimental endeavor.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.779-789
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• 1998

In this paper, the thermal shock responses of collinear cracks in a layered medium are investigated based on the uncoupled, quasi-static plane thermoelasticity. The medium is modeled as a bonded structure composed of a surface layer and a semi-infinite substrate. Between these two dissimilar homogeneous constituents, a functionally graded interfacial zone exists with the nonhomogeneous features of continuously varying thermoelastic properties. Three cracks are assumed to be present in the layered medium, one in each one of the constituent materials, aligned collinearly normal to the nominal interfaces. A system of singular integral equations is solved, subjected to the forcing terms of equivalent transient thermal tractions acting on the locations of cracks via superposition. Main results presented are the transient thermal stress intensity factors to illustrate the parametric effects of various geometric and amterial combinations of the medium with the thermoelastically graded interfacial zone and the collinear cracks.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.1479-1490
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• 2000

The design process of the motor driven tilt/telescopic steering column is established by axiomatic design approach in conceptual design stage. By selecting independent design variables for improvin g performance of the steering system, each detailed design can be carried out independently. In the detailed design, the safety in crash environment and vibration reduction are considered. An occupant analysis code SAFE(Safety Analysis For occupant crash Environment) is utilized to simulate the body block test. Segments, contact ellipsoids and spring-damper elements are used to model the steering column in SAFE. The model is verified by the result of the body block test. After the model is validated, the energy absorbing components are designed using an orthogonal array. Occupant analyses are performed for the cases of the orthogonal array. Final design is determined for the minimum occupant injury. For vibrational analysis, a finite element model of the steering column is defined for the modal analysis. The model is validated by the vibration experiment. Size and shape variables are selected for the optimization process. An optimization is conducted to minimize the weight subjected to various constraints.