• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.345-365
• /
• 2002

In diesem Aufsatz wired versucht, eine Mikrostruktur $f\"{u}r$ ein elektronisehes Detusch-Koreanisehes $W\"{o}rterbueh$ zu entwerfen. Bei gedruekten $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ehern$ sind die lexikographischen Daten und die $W\"{o}rterbuch­strukturen$ mehr oder weniger standardisiert, dagegen bei elektronischen $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}ehern$ strikt formalisiert. Im Laufe der letzten 50 Jahre sind zwar viele gedruekte, jedoch kaum auf Elektronik basierte zweisprachige $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher\;f\"{u}r$ Deutseh-Koreanisch ersehienen. Elektronische $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ haben mehre Vorteile und sind in diesem Informationszeitalter als Hilfsmittel $f\"{u}r$ den Fremdspraeherwerb unabdingbar. Die Festlegung der logischen Struktur des $W\"{o}rterbuehs\;ist\;f\"{u}r\;die\;W\"{o}rterbucharbeit\;unerl\"{a}{\ss}lich$ und $f\"{u}r$ die Herstellung elektronischer $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ von Bedeutung, wird jedoch in der koreanischen Praxis oft $vemachl\"{a}{\ss}igt$. Daher weisen die meisten koranischen $W\"{o}rterb\"{u}cher$ keine konsistente Form in der Struktur von $W\"{o}rterbuehdefinitionen$ auf. Aus diesen $Gr\"{u}nden$ schlage ich eine formale logisehe Struktur $f\"{u}r$ ein elektronisches Deutsch-Koreanisches $W\"{o}rterbuch$ vor. $Zun\"{a}chst$ werden grundlegende lexikalische Begriffe $eingef\"{u}hrt,\;anschlie{\ss}end$ wird auf die Analyse der lexikalischen $Eintr\"{a}ge\;f\"{u}r$ ein Deutsch-Koreanisches $W\"{o}rterbuch$ eingegangen. In diesem Beitrag wird keine fertige Miktostruktur $pr\"{a}sentiert$, sondern eine Anregung zur weiteren Diskussion zu einer Mikrostruktur gegeben. Als logisehe Struktur $f\"{u}r$ das elektronische Deutsch-Koreanische $W\"{o}rterbuch$ wird eine glattalphabetische Makrostruktur aufgenommen, die Mikrostruktur als semiintegriert. Die lexikographische Arbeit ist $zeitaufw\"{a}ndig$ und braucht viele $Fachkr\"{a}fte$. Deshalb ist die Festlegung einer konsistenten und objektiven Mikrostruktur eine Voraussetzung der $W\"{o}rterbuchherstellung$. Sie regt auch dazu an, die lexikalischen Informationen im Artikel genauer zu analysieren. Erst dadurch wird ein effektives elektronisches $W\"{o}rterbuch\;m\"{o}glich$, das eine Weiterbenutzung der klassifizierten Informationen $unterst\"{u}tzt$.

• Koreanishche Zeitschrift fur Deutsche Sprachwissenschaft
• /
• v.9
• /
• pp.237-260
• /
• 2004

Das Ziel dieses Aufsatzes liegt darin, die Valenzkonzepte und Satzmodelle von Kalevi Tarvainen zusammenzustellen, und auf die dependenzielle kontrastive Beschreibung des Deutschen und der Muttersprache des Deutschlernenden einzugehen, und ihre Prinzipien und Probleme kurz zu betrachten. Prinzipiell eignet sich die Dependenzgrammatik ebenso gut fur den muttersprachlichen Unterricht des Deutschen wie $f\"{u}r$ den Unterricht des Deutschen als Fremdsprache. Die Grundkategorien der Dependenzgrammatik, d.h. die hierarchische Dependenzbeschreibung mit dem Verb als Ausgangspunkt, die Valenz, die $Erg\"{a}nzungs- und$ Angabestruktur des Satzes, sind an sich fur den Fremdspracheunterricht gut verwendbar. $Ausl\"{a}ndische$ Deutschlernende haben als Ausgangssprache ihre eigene Sprache, $f\"{u}r$ deren Beschreibung sich die $f\"{u}r$ die Zielsprache verwendete Grammatiktheorie auch eignen muss. $\"{U}berdies$ muss $f\"{u}r$ alle Fremdsprachen, die ein $Sch\"{u}ler$ lernt, dieselbe Grammatiktheorie verwendbar sein. Die Dependenzgrammatik hat gute Voraussetzungen, zu einer allgemeinen Theorie $f\"{u}r$ den Fremdsprachenunterricht zu werden. Beim Vergleich der Sprachen muss man als Tertium comparationis vom 'Gemeinten' ausgehen. Wenn die deutlich detinierbaren Inhalte nicht vorhanden sind, muss man von den Formen ausgehen. Beim Erlernen der deutschen $S\"{a}tze$ $k\"{o}nnen$ die Grundkategorien der Dependenzgrammatik, die Klassitizierung der $Erg\"{a}nzungen$ und die Satzmodelle des deutschen Verbs und Adjektivs dem Deutschlernenden $gro{\ss}e$ Hilfe leisten.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
• /
• v.15B no.2
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2008

L(2,1)-labeling of a graph G is a function f: V(G) $\rightarrow$ {0, 1, 2, ...} such that $|f(u)\;-\;f(\upsilon)|\;{\geq}\;2$ when d(u, v) = 1 and $|f(u)\;-\;f(\upsilon)|\;{\geq}\;1$ when d(u, $\upsilon$) = 2. L(2,1)-labeling number of G, denoted by ${\lambda}(G)$, is the smallest number m such that G has an L(2,1)-labeling with no label greater than m. Since this problem has been proved to be NP-complete, in this article, we develop genetic algorithms for L(2,1)-labeling problem and show that the suggested genetic algorithm peforms very efficiently by applying the algorithms to the class of graphs with known optimum values.

• Clean Technology
• /
• v.9 no.3
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2003

Bio industry had rapidly grown up to about 32% annualy mean since '90. To overcome a trade barrier related with environmental issues, which were needed to reduce and reuse pollutants generated from the manufacturing process of product to develop and apply cleaner technology. In this paper, the usefulness of membrane process were surveyed for economical and effective treatment of waste water which were discharged from the production of polymannuronic acid. Concentration efficiencies for U/F 10k, U/F 1k, and N/F were 40%, 60%, and 80% by batch operation. Concentration efficiencies for a combination process of U/F 1k and N/F were 90% by continuous operation. There were a lot of loss of product, which could improve 25% of productivity with recovering product by introducing membrane process.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.55 no.4
• /
• pp.1189-1208
• /
• 2018

The aim of this paper is to study the class of ${\Lambda}$-constacyclic codes of length $2p^s$ over the finite commutative chain ring ${\mathcal{R}}_a=\frac{{\mathbb{F}_{p^m}}[u]}{{\langle}u^a{\rangle}}={\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}+u{\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}+{\cdots}+u^{a-1}{\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}$, for all units ${\Lambda}$ of ${\mathcal{R}}_a$ that have the form ${\Lambda}={\Lambda}_0+u{\Lambda}_1+{\cdots}+u^{a-1}{\Lambda}_{a-1}$, where ${\Lambda}_0,{\Lambda}_1,{\cdots},{\Lambda}_{a-1}{\in}{\mathbb{F}}_{p^m}$, ${\Lambda}_0{\neq}0$, ${\Lambda}_1{\neq}0$. The algebraic structure of all ${\Lambda}$-constacyclic codes of length $2p^s$ over ${\mathcal{R}}_a$ and their duals are established. As an application, this structure is used to determine the Rosenbloom-Tsfasman (RT) distance and weight distributions of all such codes. Among such constacyclic codes, the unique MDS code with respect to the RT distance is obtained.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.1
• /
• pp.129-138
• /
• 1993

This report on the $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine comes to conclude, through the study of the Oriental- Western medical references, as follow; 1. First, $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine had some concurrencies that both the two symptoms have appeared severe and recurrent headache and more often to the female. 2 Many of them e.g. Sensory disturbance, Vertigo, Nausea, Vomiting, Tinnitus etc. in the prodrome and main symptom of $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ and Migraine were identical, especially the symptom of the $f{\bar{e}}ng\;t{\acute{a}}n\;t{\acute{o}}u\;t{\grave{o}}ng$ was similar to the prodrome of the Migraine. We could find out the semilarity of the symptoms through that Migraine is proximately set in unilateral, and $Pi{\bar{a}}nT{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ is so called alias $B{\grave{a}}n\;bi{\bar{a}}n\;t{\acute{o}}u\;t{\grave{o}}ng$. 3. The pathogeny of $T{\acute{o}}u\;f{\bar{e}}ng$ include the case of ‘$f{\bar{e}}ng\;xi{\acute{e}}\;r{\grave{u}}\;n{\bar{a}}o$’, the patient feeling weak condition, $T{\acute{a}}n,\;T{\acute{a}}nshi,\;T{\acute{a}}nhu{\breve{o}},\;Y{\grave{u}}q{\grave{i}}$, etc. and, ‘$t{\acute{a}}n\;zhu{\grave{o}}\;sh{\grave{a}}ng\;y{\acute{a}}o$’, ‘$G{\bar{a}}n\;y{\acute{a}}ng\;hu{\grave{a}}\;f{\bar{e}}ng$’. There were variable that $F{\bar{e}}ng,\;Xu{\grave{e}},\;F{\bar{e}}ngr{\grave{a}},\;F{\bar{e}}ngx{\bar{u}},\;Xu{\grave{e}}x{\bar{u}},\;Hu{\check{o}}$ in the left, and $t{\acute{a}}n,\;R{\grave{e}},\;t{\acute{a}}nr{\grave{e}},\;Qir{\acute{a}}$ in the right partial pathogeny. It was referred $Sh{\grave{a}}o\;y{\acute{a}}ng\;j{\bar{i}}ng$, $Ju{\acute{e}}\;y{\bar{i}}n\;j{\bar{i}}ng$, $Y{\acute{a}}ng\;m{\acute{i}}ng\;j{\bar{i}}ng$, $T{\grave{a}}i\;y{\acute{a}}ng\;j{\bar{i}}ng$ in connection with the Meridian system. And otherwise the primary cause of Migraine is still unknown to us. Heredity is probably important, but the mode of transmission is uncertain. Recently, the important assumption is the vasomotor change caused by vasoconstrictors like that norepinephrine, epinephrine, and serotonin etc.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.38-45
• /
• 1999

This study was to figure out proper Formaldehyde/Urea molar ratio of UF resin with satisfactory bonding strength of plywood and properties of particleboard. The six kinds of UF resins were manufactured with F/U molar ratio 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, and 2.0. The boards were made of three kinds of raw materials : Veneer, Sliver-Particle and Strand-Particle. Manufacturing condition of plywood : amount of mixing resin was 150g/$m^2$. The fourty secs/mm simple-pressing schedule in the pressure 10kgf/$m^2$ was applied for 480mm${\times}$700mm board at the temperature of $110^{\circ}C$ in a hot press. Manufacturing condition of particleboard : Target density was 0.65g/$cm^2$. The stepwise 9 minutes- multi-pressing schedule in the maximum pressure 40kgf/$cm^2$, the minimum pressure 15kgf/$cm^2$ was applied for $480mm{\times}634mm{\times}12mm$ board at the temperature of $150^{\circ}C$ in a hot press. The results are as follows : I. In bonding strength, plywood which was made by F/U molar ratio 1.2 showed the highest value. Other molar ratio resin also gave the satisfied value of KS standard, 7.5kgf/$cm^2$. 2. In internal bond strength of particleboard, Sliver-Particleboard(SLPB) and Strand-Particleboard(STPB) varied respectively from 5.9kgf/$cm^2$ to 4.8kgf/$cm^2$, from 6.7kgf/$cm^2$ to 5.4kgf/$cm^2$. SLPB with F/U=1.2 and STPB with F/U=1.6 had higher IB value. Also, both SLPB and STPB showed lower IB value in F/U molar ratio 2.0 and 1.0. 3. SLPB and STPB with six kinds of UF resin respectively satisfied bending strength of KS standard 150 Type(130kgf/$cm^2$) and 200 Type(180kgf/$cm^2$). Bending strength data for both of SLPB and STPB showed little or no loss from F/U=1.8 to F/U=1.2. Also, STPB was approximately two times higher than that of SLPB. Therefore, the raw material's shape had more effect on bending strength than the FlU molar ratio. 4. F/U=1.6 and 1.4 showed the lower thickness swelling in SLPB and STPB. All of STPBs satisfied thickness swelling of KS standard, under 12%.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.59 no.2
• /
• pp.353-365
• /
• 2022

Let 𝓐 be the collection of analytic functions f defined in 𝔻 := {ξ ∈ ℂ : |ξ| < 1} such that f(0) = f'(0) - 1 = 0. Using the concept of subordination (≺), we define $$S^*_{\ell}\;:=\;\{f{\in}A:\;\frac{{\xi}f^{\prime}({\xi})}{f({\xi})}{\prec}{\Phi}_{\ell}(\xi)=1+{\sqrt{2}{\xi}}+{\frac{{\xi}^2}{2}},\;{\xi}{\in}{\mathbb{D}}\}$$, where the function 𝚽_ℓ(ξ) maps 𝔻 univalently onto the region Ω_ℓ bounded by the limacon curve (9u² + 9v² - 18u + 5)² - 16(9u² + 9v² - 6u + 1) = 0. For 0 < r < 1, let 𝔻_r := {ξ ∈ ℂ : |ξ| < r} and 𝒢 be some geometrically defined subfamily of 𝓐. In this paper, we find the largest number 𝜌 ∈ (0, 1) and some function f₀ ∈ 𝒢 such that for each f ∈ 𝒢 𝓛_f (𝔻_r) ⊂ Ω_ℓ for every 0 < r ≤ 𝜌, and $${\mathcal{L} _{f_0}}({\partial}{\mathbb{D}_{\rho})\;{\cap}\;{\partial}{\Omega}_{\ell}\;{\not=}\;{\emptyset}$$, where the function 𝓛_f : 𝔻 → ℂ is given by $${\mathcal{L}}_f({\xi})\;:=\;{\frac{{\xi}f^{\prime}(\xi)}{f(\xi)}},\;f{\in}{\mathcal{A}}$$. Moreover, certain graphical illustrations are provided in support of the results discussed in this paper.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.11 no.3
• /
• pp.665-672
• /
• 1996

Let U denote the set of all Schwarzian derivatives $S_f$ of conformal function f in the unit disk D. We show that if $S_f$ is a local extreme point of U, then f cannot omit an open set. We also show that if $S_f \in U$ is an extreme point of the closed convex hull $\bar{co}U$ of U, then f cannot omit a set of positive area. The proof of this uses Nguyen's theorem.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
• /
• v.48 no.5
• /
• pp.951-957
• /
• 2011

In 1996, Br$\ddot{u}$ck studied the relation between f and f' if an entire function f shares one value a CM with its first derivative f' and posed the famous Br$\ddot{u}$ck conjecture. In this work, we generalize the value a in the Br$\ddot{u}$ck conjecture to a small function ${\alpha}$. Meanwhile, we prove that the Br$\ddot{u}$ck conjecture holds for a class of meromorphic functions.