• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.10
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• pp.123-133
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• 1999

The purpose of the study was to develop the parenting style scale which is reflecting cultural background of Korean parent's parenting for their children. The instalment was designed based on the literature reviews and on the Baumrind's parenting style. A total of three hundred and sixty two mothers whose children from first and second grade in elementary school completed the Questionnaires. The questionnaires consisted with the items addressing different types of parenting style which include love and care, encouragement of independence, enjoyment in parenting, communication, control, control of aggressiveness, strategies of control , request of maturity. Factor of analysis was applied to examine validity of Korean parenting style scale. Based on the factor analysis, 33 items selected for final questionnaire and two factors discovered. The first factor which named 'warmth'included 20 items such as love and care toward their children, communication, enjoyment in parenting, encouragement toward independency. The second factor which named'control'included 13 items such as control of children's behavior and discipline of children. Warmth factor accounted for 46% of variance and control factor accounted for 18% of variance. Internal consistency was also checked. Although warmth and control factor represented a moderate internal consistency, control factor showed lower correlations then warmth factor. The reliability estimates (Cronbach alpha) were. 87 and 71 for warmth and control factor respectively. Korean parenting style scale can be used to address the appropriateness of Baumrind's theoretical assumptions in parenting style as well as to examine parenting style for Korean population. However, this instalment was developed with Korean mothers only. Further analysis need to be addressed with fathers.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the differences of visual image on variations in the length and princess line, in a silhouette of a one-piece dress with the application of the 3D Virtual Clothing System known as i-designer. Eight sample were examined: 2 variations of the length and 2 variations of the princess line, 2 variations of the form of a silhouette. The data was obtained from 66 fashion design majors. The data was assessed by a t-test and a multi-way ANOVA and factor analysis. The results were as follows; The visual image according to the design variables, four factors were selected; the attractiveness factor, the activeness factor, the practicality factor, the elegance factor. In these factors, the attractiveness factor is estimated by the most important factor. As a result of analyzing the effect of the interaction in the visual image according to the design variables, the influence of the main effect was found to be great in each factor. In the activeness factor, a significant difference was noted in the two-way interaction between the length and the princess line, the length and the silhouette. In the elegance factor, a significant difference was noted in the two-way interaction between the length and the silhouette. However, the influence on three-way interaction among the length, the princess line, and the silhouette was not significant.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 1999

This study was carried out to investigate the constituents of inorganic ions of precipitation in Mokpo and Yeochon area from Jan. 1996 to Dec. 1997. The volume-weighted mean pH of precipitation was 5.7(4.8~7.8) at Mokpo, and 5.6(5.1~7.4) at Yeochon area, respectively. The non-seasalt(nss) anion concentrations were found in order of $nss-SO^{2-}_4>NO^-_3>nss-Cl^-$ at two areas. The portion of $nss-SO^{2-}_4;and;NO^-_3$ was 71~84% out of anions. The the non-seasalt cation concentrations were found in order of $NH^+_4>nss-Ca^{2-}>nss-Mg^{2+}>nss-K^-$ at two areas. The portion of $NH^+_4;and; nss-Ca^{2+}$ was 85~92% out cations. Compared regionally the year concentraton of $nss-SO^{2-}_4$, the result of Yeochon was 3 times higher than that of Mokpo in 1996, while the results of two regions were almost similar in 1997. The reason was that Yeochon was restricted area of the use of 0.5% sulfur B-C oil, controlled air pollution emission area, controlled semitotal amounts of air pollution emission area and partial operating of factories in 1997. There were no ions having high correlation with $H^+,;but;nss-SO^{2-}_4,;NO^-_3,;NH^+_4;and;nss-Ca^{2+}$ showed high correlation coefficient each other. It seems that these ions have little correlation with $H^+$ because they are washed out on binding state. Factor analysis showed that the first factor was complicated factor containing anthropogenic and soil resource, the second factor was sea-salt resource and the third factor was independent behavior of hydrogen at Mokpo. While, the first factor was complicated factor containing anthropogenic and sea-salt resource, the second factor was $Ca(NO_3)_2$ salt and the third factor was $NH^+_4;and;SO^{2-}_4$ synergied by resource and combination at Yeochon.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.126-133
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• 2011

Objectives The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is one of the most widely used self-report measures of depression in both research and clinical practice. The Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II) is the most recent version of the BDI. Validity of the BDI-II has been documented in other countries. This study examined the factor structure of the Korean version of BDI-II in a large sample of university students. Method Data were obtained from 2,529 students of Kongju National University. The factor structures of the Korean version of BDI-II were assessed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. Results A high level of internal consistency and reliability (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ = 0.91) and item homogeneity was confirmed. Exploratory factor analysis showed a two-factor structure (cognitive and somatic-affective), which was almost identical to the original model demonstrated by Beck et al. The following confirmatory factor analysis also supported the two-factor structure (cognitive and somatic-affective) is a better fit than the other two-factor structure (cognitive-affective and somatic). The higher mean score for women compared to men is consistent with the results of previous reports. Conclusion These data support the reliability and concurrent validity of the Korean version of BDI-II as a measure of depressive symptoms in nonclinical samples.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.428-432
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• 2014

The Hall factor in a two-dimensional device with indirect conduction valleys is calculated for several growth on various strain conditions. In the [001] or [111] growth direction, the two-dimensional constant energy surfaces of occupied valleys are shown to be isotropically distributed. However, in the [110] growth direction, the distribution of occupied valleys on the plane is not isotropic. This fact is the reason for the anisotropic Hall factor on the sample plane.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1987.10b
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• pp.528-532
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• 1987

Closed-loop fiber-optic gyroscope with linear scale factor for a wide dynamic range is demonstrated using a gating process and two-harmonic phase modulation, of which the second harmonic is obtained by a frequency doubler. Also the effects of the second harmonic and duty cycle of gating signal on the linearity of scale factor are estimated theoretically and compared with the measured data. The experimental results show the best linearity of scale factor is about 0.5% within the rotation rate 90.deg./sec. The closed-loop fiber-optic gyroscope with gated two-harmonic phase modulation can be used in the application demanding less sensitive performance and modest scale factor linearity.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1303-1308
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• 2008

In this study, we researched how to estimate life-stress relationship and acceleration factor through performing accelerated life test and analyzing it. The purpose of this study is to predict life of pneumatic cylinder within short time which is widely used in automation manufacturing line. In design of accelerated life test, we selected operating pressure and load that have the most influence on main failure mode of pneumatic cylinder as accelerated factor. We used two-way factorial design for arranging of test condition to accelerated factor and accelerated level.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.949-957
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• 2013

In this paper, we consider the problem of testing the equality of the scale parameters in two parameter exponential distributions. We propose Bayesian testing procedures for the equality of the scale parameters under the noninformative priors. The noninformative prior is usually improper which yields a calibration problem that makes the Bayes factor to be defined up to a multiplicative constant. Thus, we propose the default Bayesian testing procedures based on the fractional Bayes factor and the intrinsic Bayes factors under the reference priors. Simulation study and an example are provided.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.41-51
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• 2007

We categorize quality management practices as two factors ; 'infra factor' and 'process factor.' We confirm the factors' statistical significance with empirical investigation about 167 manufacturing companies in nationwide. Moreover, we find the two factors affect positively on the manufacturing capabilities of differentiation and reliability, and on the performances as improving products and process. We prove these results with empirical method of structural equation model and AMOS program.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.155-160
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• 1990

During the period from Mar. 1985 to Feb. 1988, airborne particulate matters were collected and size fractionated by the ANdersen high volume air sampler in Seoul. The concentrations of several heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) and benzo(a)pyrene were determined to investigate the size distributions and seasonal variations. And with respect to seven components in the total suspended particulate (TSP), the factor analysis was performed for three groups such as the coarse particles (> 2 $\mu$m), fine particles (< $\mu$m) and TSP. As a result of factor analysis by using the varimax method, the chemical components in the TSP were able to characterize with two principal factors. The first factor, F1 was considered to be a factor indicating the contribution of natural sources and the second factor, F2 was a factor indicating the degree of artificial sources. Each components in the TSP was divided into two main groups of components originated from soil and/or road dust and pollutants originated from automobiles and/or human work.