• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.617-625
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• 2001

The Skaergaard intrusion is widely considered a type example of a strongly fractionated, layered intrusion that has undergone extensive in situ igneous differentiation. The Intrusion, therefore, should be a good locality for modeling trace element vriation in a closed system. Previous studios (Haskin and Haskin, 1968; Faster et al., 1974), however, have suggested thats the rare earth elements in whole rocks and mineeral separates from the Intrusion did not fellow the expected trend for closed system crystatllization. Trace element modeling using published distribution coefficients, modal abundances of the coexisting minerals, and the concentration of trace elements In whole rocks and mineral separates from the Skaergaard Intrusion, reveals that the rare earth elements were significantly Influenced by the crystallization of abundant apatite in the Layered Series suring the final stages of crystallization. The results of trace element modeling also suggcsts that apatite, which appears sporadically in the UBS, is not a primary liquidus phase in these samples as previously suggested (Naslund, 1984) but an interstitial phase that (lid not directly effect trace element abundances In the evolving magma As the Skaergaard magma coaled convection, or convected as small Isolated cells during the final stages of differentiation, an elebated $P_{H2O}$ Induced by accumulation of volatile elements near the roof of the magma chamber ingibited or delayed the precipitation of primary apatite in the UBS If the Skaergaard differentiation Is modeler assuming primary apatite crystallization In the upper par of the LS where abundant modal apatite is present, and only late stage crystallization of apatite In the UBS where apatite Is less abundant, rare earth elements abundances follow a closed system variation trend. These results rule but any differentiation model for the Skaergaard Intrusion that Includesvolumetrically significant injections or discharges of magma Into or out of the chamber during the final 20% of the crystallization history.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.12 no.3 s.18
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• pp.17-29
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• 2006

The Syndrome Differentiation(辨證) means to make diagnosises and to classify symptoms based oriental medicine theory. Questionnaires and clinical decision support system would assist the doctor checks up symptoms of a patient. We analyze about domestic and foreign patents and papers of these diagnosis tools and catch the trend. In patents, the system examines by telemedicine and offers medical information and prescriptions to patient. Papers was itemized fields ; theory, methods of analysis, clinical application, questionnaire, clinical decision support system. The results of this research can be applied to develop the high-quality tool to support syndrome differentiation.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.305-306
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• 2009

Korean digital product users' tends to be participationoriented. They hope that their expectations are reflected in the outcome. Furthermore, they look toward customizationoriented. They want product differentiation for only their own goods. They come to take a prudent and particular attitude. Korean display industry is under extending the share of the international market these days. This report covers the direction of the display industry design through analyzing the trend of the Korean digital product users'.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.13-25
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• 2019

Objectives : This study analyzed domestic case reports of syndrome differentiation and herbal medicine treatment for tic disorder published from 2000 to 2018 and aimed to seize the latest trend of Korean herbal medicine treatment according to syndrome differentiation. Methods : We searched herbal medicine treatment of tic disorder through five major Korean academic literature databases; NDSL, KTKP, KISS, RISS, DBPIA. Results : 12 articles were included in this study from 49 articles. These studies were analyzed by year, evaluation criteria, Korean treatments, treatment effects, syndrome differentiation, herbal medication, duration of medication, and type of herbal medicine. Treatment results were assessed by YGTSS. Most cases accompanied Korean integrative treatments and only one case report used herbal medicine alone. Most common type of syndrome differentiation for patients was spleen. Duration of medication varied according to each case and decoction was the most used type of herbal medication. Conclusions : It has been reported that herbal medicine treatment according to the syndrome differentiation could be effective in treating tic disorder. This study suggests that additional studies will be required to justify classification of syndrome differentiation and the sole effectiveness of herbal medicine on tic disorder.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.441-445
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• 2007

The mass housing supply policy of the government has resulted in the customer-centered market, and thereby the age of quality competition in the industry. In line with this trend of quality competition, therefore, this preliminary study aims to investigate the requirements of housing product planning to live up to the needs of customers in terms of quality, and thus analyze the types of quality differentiation of a housing product unit in our housing market. It turned out that many cases attempted differentiation in such ways as merely using luxurious finishing materials and instantly popular environment-friendly materials, and combining partial and limited household items with architectural elements of the facility system. The result of this study shows that the differentiation plan of housing product should be customer-centered, and therefore, focus on quality differentiation through organic combination of architecture-oriented plane and interior elements with technology-oriented facility and product elements. Hereby, in the future, housing product planning should include sustainable differentiation plans with reconsideration of concepts that customers have, and the needed procedure.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.721-726
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• 2009

The molecular mechanism of adipocyte differentiation has been well documented. However, the effect of specific nutrients such as lysine on adipocyte differentiation is poorly understood especially in ruminant animals. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to elucidate the influence of lysine on adipocyte differentiation and adipogenic genes in cultured bovine preadipocytes. The preadipocytes were treated with different concentrations of lysine (40, 160, 320 mg/L) or troglitazone (10 ${\mu}M$) for 2 days and then subsequently cultured in differentiation medium until day 6. Expression levels of $C/EBP{\alpha}$ were significantly higher (p<0.001) in 40 and 160 mg/L lysine-treated cells compared to 320 mg/L treatment. Though there was an increasing trend in $PPAR{\gamma}$ expression levels with the decreasing lysine concentration, the results were not significant. The preadipocyte factor (pref-1), expression significantly (p<0.001) reduced with decreasing lysine concentration. The Oil red O staining results were better in 40 mg/L treated cells compared to 160 and 320 mg/L lysine treated cells. Our overall results indicate that insufficient supply of lysine increases the adipogenic potential in bovine intramuscular preadipocytes.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.88-96
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• 2018

The income level of people in South Korea has risen as the gross national income per capita reached the milestone of 30,000 dollars. More and more consumers try to change their houses according to their tastes just like they express themselves through clothes, bags, and other fashion items, thus pursuing value-based consumption. The changes to the housing culture including the greater percentage of one- or two-person households and the growing trend of lease and monthly rent have made consumers increase their demands for products to express their lifestyles. As a result, global lifestyle shops with characteristic and diverse concepts entered the South Korean market and were joined by South Korean fashion brands, large-sized stores, department stores, and fancy stationery manufacturers, which launched their own brands, in the expansion of lifestyle shops across the nation. Lifestyle shops have a couple of unique attributes including the relatively clear selection of target consumers and a clear set of VMD strategies accordingly. Based on a judgment that there was cost differentiation among brands, the investigator categorized the comparison and analysis criteria into high, middle, and low prices to apply case analysis. This study set out to analyze VMD strategies for spatial composition through cost differentiation among lifestyle shops, take the results into total consideration, and propose an effective and competitive VMD strategy for lifestyle shops through spatial composition elements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.55 no.4 s.94
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• pp.151-165
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• 2005

Given the fashion customer needs that are getting more complicated and diverse recently, differentiation is required more than ever even from the trend-planning phase where design concept for the forthcoming season is determined. Even though value of information in fashion industry is becoming more critical than any other time in the past, local fashion industry has yet to be approached academically. Therefore, this study attempted to identify the as-is status of local fashion information industry and analyzed duplication and differentiation of information provided by fashion information providers to suggest a roadmap for evolution of the fashion information industry of Korea that is expected to become more active in the future. This research employed biblical study, industry interview, contents analysis and case study. We have studied evolution of local fashion information industry and various types of planning information services as described in the above and expect this study to provide useful references to as-is status of local fashion information industry, for further studies by others and selection of product planning information providers.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.11-25
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• 2018

Objectives The purpose of this study is to provide evidence of pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder by reviewing journal articles published in China. Methods We searched literatures dated up to 8 January, 2018 in China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and evaluated pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder. Results Thirty four studies were selected for analysis. These studies included pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder. The most common pattern differentiations were the pattern of kidney essence depletion, pattern of phlegm confounding the orifices of the heart, pattern of dual vacuity of the heart and spleen, pattern of effulgent heart-liver fire, pattern of liver failing to course freely. The most common treatment principles were supplementing the kidney, transquilizing, fortifying the spleen, transforming phlegm, opening the orifices, and calming the liver. The most commonly-used formulas were Yukmijihwangtang (六味地黃湯), Modified Ondamtang (加味溫膽湯), Guibitang (歸脾湯), Yangsimtang (養心湯), Jwaguihwan (左歸丸), Cheonmagudeungeum (天麻鉤藤飮), and Danchisoyosan (丹梔逍遙散). Conclusions This study shows the latest trend of pathogenesis, pattern differentiation, treatment principle, formula of traditional Chinese medicine for autism spectrum disorder. Further study is needed to solidify these findings.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.10
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• pp.156-168
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• 2007

Brands started to manufacture consumer-oriented products and look for active methods to appeal their brands to consumers, in the 1990s. As a result, actively adopting graphic design to clothing designs has recently become an important strategy among others. Graphic design has important significance in contemporary fashion design in the aspect that it has expanded the range of expressive methods by bringing over expressive methods of visual design, and has led to an increase in sales due to consumer satisfaction, but it has been vaguely handled together with textiles design, and research on the topic has been insufficient. Therefore this study aimed to clearly define the idea of graphic design based on documentary research, and analyze applying case and formative features of graphic design expressed in clothing, through case studies from 2004 to 2006, and derive the trends of graphic design expressed in contemporary fashion design. The results of this study are as follows. The common characteristics of images that reflect recent graphic design trends in fashion design are hand writing and irregular composition, and images that actively pursued these pointes were retro and craft images, and modern and sporty images reflected these graphic design trends in a comparatively passive manner. It is important to maintain style differentiation rather than indiscreetly adopting graphic design trends to clothing, and to appropriately apply trend characteristics of fashion design and other design areas. Expressive methods of design are expected to expand through appropriate application and development of graphic design, and can potentially provide a new solution to brand differentiation.