• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.22-27
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• 2022

The attraction effects of light emitting diode (LED) trap to Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera litura adults were evaluated in greenhouse and compared with those of no light trap, which is typical used in commercial trap. At this time, in order to attract these two species of moths, sex pheromone traps were installed at the top side according to the degree of tomato growth inside the tomato cultivation greenhouse around the LED trap. In addition, two types of light-emitting traps (420 nm, 470 nm) were installed in the greenhouse at 1/40 m², respectively. Also two sex pheromone were installed inside of the greenhouse according to the height of the tomato plants. 10 days later, Blue-light trap(BLB, 470 nm wavelength) was 3.1-3.5 times more attractive than Violet-light trap(VLB, 420 nm wavelength) in S. exigua (105.6 ± 7.3) and S. litura (42.0 ± 3.1) respectively, whereas the no-light trap was little attractive to S. exigua (33.7 ± 2.8) and S. litura (12.0 ± 1.5). On the other hand, after the installation of the sex pheromone trap and the LED trap, there was no damage to S. litura (Fabricius) and S. exigua in the pesticide-free area, indicating a high possibility of control. At this time, the operating cost of the two types of LED traps was 80 won/m² per unit area, and it was confirmed that both types of moths could be controlled. In addition, as a result of confirming the number of two types of moths caught in the sexual pheromone trap and two types of LED traps after 4 months, it was judged that eco-friendly control was possible as more than 373 moths/trap were attracted to the two types of moths.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.11-25
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• 1993

Interface trap densities at gate oxide/silicon substrate ($SiO_2/Si$) interfaces of metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) were determined from the substrate bias dependence of the subthreshold slope measurement. This method enables the characterization of interface traps residing in the energy level between the midgap and that corresponding to the strong inversion of small size MOSFET. In consequence of the high accuracy of this method, the energy dependence of the interface trap density can be accurately determined. The application of this technique to a MOSFET showed good agreement with the result obtained through the high-frequency/quasi-static capacitance-voltage (C-V) technique for a MOS capacitor. Furthermore, the effective substrate dopant concentration obtained through this technique also showed good agreement with the result obtained through the body effect measurement.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.104-109
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• 2006

Improvements in internal combustion engine and aftertreatment technologies are needed to meet future environmental quality goals. Plasmatron fuel converters provide a rapid response, compact means to transform a wide range of hydrocarbon fuels (including gasoline, natural gas and diesel fuel) into hydrogen-rich gas. Hydrogen-rich gas can be used as an additive to provide NOx reductions of more than 80% in diesel engine vehicles by enabling very lean operation or heavy exhaust engine recirculation. For diesel engines, use of compact plasmatron reformers to produce hydrogen-rich gas for the regeneration of NOx absorber/absorbers and particulate traps for diesel engine exhaust after-treatment could provide significant advantages. Recent tests of conversion of diesel fuel to hydrogen-rich gas using a low current plasmatron fuel converter with non-equilibrium plasma features are described.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.235-239
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• 2006

Charge dynamics in polymeric materials after aged under ac electric field using the pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) technique is reported. The emphasis is placed on charge decay. The charge dynamics of the ac aged additive free low density polyethylene (LDPE) samples under dc bias differ from the sample without ac ageing, indicating changes brought in by ac ageing. It is believed that a slow decay rate of charge in the ac aged sample is related to the formation of deep traps in the material. However, chemical analysis by infrared spectroscope (FTIR) and Raman microscope reveals no significant chemical changes taken place in the bulk of the material after ac ageing. Further experiments on irradiated LDPE have revealed a similar behaviour, i.e. the charge decay is slower in irradiated samples than that of fresh sample. The findings presented clearly indicate that space charge measurement can be used as a diagnostic tool to monitor ageing in polymeric materials.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.118-121
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• 2005

Silicon dioxide ($SiO_2$) films prepared by plasma-enhanced atomic-layer deposition were successfully grown at temperatures of $100\;to\;250^{\circ}C$, showing self-limiting characteristics. The growth rate decreases with an increasing deposition temperature. The relative dielectric constants of $SiO_2$ films are ranged from 4.5 to 7.7 with the decrease of growth temperature. A $SiO_2$ film grown at $250^{\circ}C$ exhibits a much lower leakage current than that grown at $100^{\circ}C$ due to its high film density and the fact that it contains deeper electron traps.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06b
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• pp.52-55
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• 2000

The temperature effects of programming speed and endurance characteristics in p-channel flash memory cell have been investigated. In the case of room temperature, the programming speed of p-channel flash memory by using BTB scheme is faster than that by using CHE scheme. However, endurance characteristics with BTB programming scheme is not better than that with CHE programming scheme. In the case of elevated temperature, CHE programming speed is reduced due the gate current degradation but BTB programming speed is enhanced due to the increasing of gate current. Finally, the endurance characteristics of both schemes are improved due to the reduction of gate oxide traps.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular degradation and energy-recycling mechanism that contributes to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. Extensive researches over the past decades have defined the role of autophagy innate immune cells. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge regarding the role of autophagy in neutrophil biology and a picture of molecular mechanism underlying autophagy in neutrophils. Neutrophils are professional phagocytes that comprise the first line of defense against pathogen. Autophagy machineries are highly conserved in neutrophils. Autophagy is not only involved in generalized function of neutrophils such as differentiation in bone marrow but also plays crucial role effector functions of neutrophils such as granule formation, degranulation, neutrophil extracellular traps release, cytokine production, bactericidal activity and controlling inflammation. This review outlines the current understanding of autophagy in neutrophils and provides insight towards identification of novel therapeutics targeting autophagy in neutrophils.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.465-472
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• 1986

The present study was carried out to investigate the mechanism which control the voltage instability and the breakdown of CVD Al2O3 on Si substrates. Our sample were metal-Al2O3-Oi Capacitors with both Al and Au field plates. Electron injection and trapping, with resultant positive flatband voltage shift, occur at fields as low as 1-2[MV/cm.] We developed an approximate method for computing the location of the centroid of the trapped electrons. Our results indicate that the electrons are trapped near the injecting interface, at least for fields less than about 5[MV/cm ] Because of continued charging, a true steady state is probably never reached, and the only unique I-V curve is the one obtained initially, when the traps are empty. We measured this I-V curve for both polarities of applied voltage, using a fresh sample for each point. The observed current densities are much larger than those obtained in thermally grawn SiO2.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.597-600
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• 1998

When a semiconductor(pMOSFET) sensor is exposed to ionizing radiation, electrons/holes are generated in its oxide layer. By the phenomenon of hole traps in oxide layer during their move, the characteristics of semiconductor is changed. This paper describes the output characteristic changes of two kind of pMOSFET(domestic, japan) after C0-60 ${\gamma}$-irradiation on them for their application as radiation accumulated dose monitoring sensors. We found the threshold voltage shifts (VT) of pMOSFETs in proportion to irradiated radiation dose and their linear properties. These results make us confirm that we will be able to develop good accumulated radiation dose monitoring sensors.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 1990

The airborne pollens were investigated by 11 pollen traps in Seoul from September to November, 1986 and from March to May, 1987. There were 25 families and 36 genera of which pollens were observed, the amount of airborne pollens was most in May, and least in November. Distribution patterns of ariborne pollens were that of herbs, such as Ambrosia, Artemisia, Humulus, and persicaria in fall, and that of trees, such as Alnus, Salix, Corylus, Pinus, Platanus Betula, and Quercus in spring. From the viewpoint of regional distribution, pollens were much observed at a residential section and an industrial area in fall, and at a park region in spring.