• Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.453-457
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• 2007

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and Ga doped zinc oxide (GZO) with different thickness in range of 10nm to 100nm are prepared on glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The structural and optical properties of the thin films is evaluated. The structural properties of ZnO and GZO are investigated by Tunneling Electron Microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Optical properties are also investigated by UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer (200$\sim$1400nm). The much larger grain size of ZnO compared to GZO decreased the light scattering at the grain boundary and improved the transmittance. The transmittance of ZnO is higher than that of GZO through all of the ranges of wavelengths. In case of over 50nm, we found that the transmittance of ZnO is 20% higher than that of GZO.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2010

Glass was fabricated by using refused coal ore obtained from Dogye coal mine in Samchuk. We additionally used soda ash and calcium carbonate as raw materials to make a glass with the chemical composition of soda-lime glass. And the properties of glass were measured when limestone was used as natural raw materials instead of calcium carbonate as chemical raw materials. Transparent glass was fabricated by melting raw materials at $1550^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr in an electrical furnace. The various kinds of glass samples were fabricated according to the kinds of refused coal ore and glass cullet. The optical properties of transmittance and color chromaticity were measured by UV/VIS/NIR spectrometer and the thermal properties of thermal expansion coefficient and softening point were measured. Transparent glass with the transmittance of over 70% in visible range was fabricated by using normal refused coal ore and black colored glass with the transmittance of 0~35% was fabricated by using shel1 type refused coal ore. Therefore, it is concluded that refused coal ore can be used for raw materials to manufacture secondary glass products such as a glass tile and foamed glass panel for construction material.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.567-571
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• 2009

Polycrystalline ZnO and Ga doped ZnO (GZO) films are deposited on glass substrate by RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The characteristics of ZnO and GZO films are investigated with X-ray diffraction measurement, UV-VIS-NIR spectrophotometer $(250{\sim}1200nm)$ and hall measurement. The post-growth thermal treatment of these films is carried out in N2 ambient at $500^{\circ}C$ for 30 min and an hour. ZnO and GZO films have different changing behavior of structural and optical properties by annealing. To use transparent conductive films for solar cell, films should have not only high transmittance but also good electrical property. Although as deposited GZO films have electrical properties than ZnO films, GZO films have not good transmittance properties. Consequently, we succeed that the high transmittance of GZO films is improved by annealing process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.205-209
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• 2010

Transparent and conductive AZO films were deposited on the glass by using radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering with intense electron radiation, simultaneously. After deposition, the effect of electron radiation energy on the optical and electrical properties of AZO was investigated. In XRD measurements, the films irradiated with intense electron beam show the larger grain size than that of the films prepared without electron radiation. Sheet resistance was also dependent on the electron radiation energy, while the optical transmittance in visible wavelength region was not affected seriously by electron radiation. X-.ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectrophotometer and four point probes were used to observe the crystallization, optical transmittance and sheet resistance, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.1230-1233
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• 2004

The ITO thin films were prepared by the FTS(Facing Targets Sputtering) system. The ITO thin films are deposited by changing the input current and working gas pressure. Then, electric characteristics, transmittance and surface roughness of ITO thin films were measured by Hall effect measurement, UV-VIS spectrometer and AFM. As a result, the ITO thin film was fabricated with resistivity 6xl0$^{-4}$ Ωㆍcm, carrier mobility 52.11 $\textrm{cm}^2$/Vㆍsec, carrier concentration 1.72 x $10^{20}$ $cm^{-3}$ transmittance over 85 % of ITO film at working gas pressure 1 mTorr and input current 0.6 A.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.588-592
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• 2005

For the purpose of obtaining polycarbonate film which blocks ultra-violet ion beam was irradiated onto the surface of PC film. This method has gotten several advantages compared with the techniques, such as the protection of changes in film thickness and UV blocking material deposited onto a base film. In order to investigate UV blocking PC film, the optical and chemical characteristics, surface morphology and lightfastness were confirmed by UV/Vis, FTIR(ATR) spectroscopy, AFM, and Q-UV fasoess analyses. As a result, it was shown that the modified PC film was able to block almost all of UV region and easily control the degree of UV block. The optical changes in the film were attributed to chemical changes in PC surface by ion beam irradiation. Moreover, we expect that the modified PC film can durably block UV due to no changes in colour and UV transmittance after UV fastness test.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.16 no.12
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• pp.739-742
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• 2006

The ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles in the size range of $5{\sim}30$ nm were prepared by a chemical coprecipitation method. The nano particles were coated with 2nd surfactants for obtaining the water-based. The size effect of ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles for the ultraviolet protection was investigated. The variation of the UV-Vis transmittance spectra as a function of wavelength for a ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles were showed red-shifted increase with the particle size. The protective effects of UVA onset at near 469, 494, 591 nm for a particle size of 8.7, 9.1 and 12 nm. It is shown that the ${\gamma}-Fe_2O_3$ nano particles was good materials for protect of UV.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.524-534
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• 2010

Glass was fabricated using refused coal ore obtained from the Dogye coal mine in Samcheok. We additionally used soda ash and calcium carbonate to make a glass with the chemical composition of soda-lime glass, and we also used white, brown, and green glass cullet to make various kinds of colored glass. Transparent glass was fabricated by melting batch materials including refused coal ore at $1550^{\circ}C$ for 1 hr in an electrical furnace. The light transmittance and color chromaticity were measured by a UV/VIS/NIR spectrometer. Transparent glass with a light transmittance of over 80% was fabricated using normal refused coal ore and white glass cullet. Various kinds of colored glass with a light transmittance of 30-80% were fabricated using refused coal ore and brown or green glass cullet. The light transmittance of the mixed color glass samples, fabricated using normal refused coal ore and brown glass cullet and green glass cullet, indicated 30-47%, a relatively low value, in the condition of a cullet ratio of 20-50%. The characteristics of the color chromaticity of the glass samples were indicated in a chromaticity diagram by x-coordinates, y-coordinates, Y (lightness). The values of x-coordinates and y-coordinates were moved with a regular directional property according to the kind and amount of glass cullet. Therefore, we concluded that refused coal ore can be used for raw materials of color glass products like art glass and glass tile.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.56-59
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• 2001

Thin films of hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si : H) of different compositions were deposited on Si(100) wafer and glass by RF plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In the present work, we have investigated the effect of the If. power on the properties, such as optical band gap, transmittance and crystallinity, of crystalline silicon thin films. Raman data show that the material consists of an amorphous and crystalline phase for the co-presence of two peaks centered at 480 and 520cm$^{-1}$. X-ray spectra confirmed of crystallites with (111) orientation at 300w The transmittance of thin films was measured by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. In addition, Si-H chemical bondings were studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.167.2-167.2
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• 2016

태양에너지는 전자기파로써 파장에 따라 여러 부분으로 나뉜다. 파장이 780nm 이상인 부분의 영역을 IR (infra Red) 즉 적외선으로 불린다. 이 부분이 열선에 해당하는 부분인데 대부분의 창문에 설치된 커튼이나 vertical 등은 빛을 차단하는 수단일 뿐, 유입되는 열 (적외선)을 차단시킬 수는 없다. 열은 결국 실내의 온도를 높이기 때문에 난방비 등 에너지 손실을 막긴 어렵다. 단열필름은 커튼이나 vertical과 달리 실내로 유입되는 열 (적외선)을 다시 실외로 반사시켜 실내로 유입되는 열을 최소화 한다. 본 연구는 IR 차폐를 목적으로 연구 되었고, 거기서 한 발 나아가 실내 분위기 등을 고려하여 소비자의 구호에 맞는 제품에 더 맞추기 위해 연구되었다. 기존 제품들과 차별된 점은 색상을 위한 추가적인 작업없이 굴절률과 두께 factor 등을 변화시켜 바로 7가지 색을 구현한다는 장점을 가지고 있다. 따라서 가격 경쟁력에서도 우위를 점 할 수 있는 중요한 기술이라 할 수 있겠다. 박막제조 장비로는 DC pulse In-line Sputter를 사용하였으며, 굴절률과 광학적인 두께 측정을 위한 ellipsometer, 그리고 UV-vis 를 통한 Transmittance 측정으로 제품 능력을 확인하였다.