• 대한금속재료학회지
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• 제49권8호
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• pp.596-600
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• 2011

Thermal degradation behavior of a $WO_3-TiO_2$ monolithic catalyst was investigated in terms of structural, morphological, and physico-chemical analyses. The catalyst with 4 wt.% $WO_3$ contents were prepared by a wet-impregnation method, and a durability test of the catalysts were performed in a temperature range between $400^{\circ}C$ and $800^{\circ}C$ for 3 h. An increase of thermal stress decreased the specific surface area, which was caused by grain growth and agglomeration of the catalyst particles. The phase transition from anatase to rutile occurred at around $800^{\circ}C$ and a decrease in the Brønsted acid sites was confirmed by structural analysis and physico-chemical analysis. A change in Brønsted acidity can affect to the catalytic efficiency; therefore, the thermal degradation behavior of the $WO_3-TiO_2$ catalyst could be explained by the transition to a stable rutile phase of $TiO_2$ and the decrease of specific surface area in the SCR catalyst.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.60-64
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• 2011

고감도 적외선 이미지 센서에 적용이 가능한 우수한 TCR(temperature coefficient of resistance) 값을 갖고 적외선 파장영역에서 흡수 특성을 갖는 막 형성을 위해, 본 연구에서는 Silica와 Titanium 분말을 혼합비율을 달리하여 준비한 후 열 기상 증착기를 이용하여 상온에서 게르마늄과 유리 기판 위에 각각 $(SiO_2)_x-(Ti)_y$ 막을 제작하였다. 챔버 내에 위치한 혼합분말이 담겨진 텅스텐 보트와 기판 간의 거리는 15.5 cm이며, 사용된 $SiO_2$와 Ti 분말의 혼합비율 x : y는 각각 90 : 10,80 : 20, 70 : 30, 60 : 40이다. $(SiO_2)_x-(Ti)_y$ 막의 전기적 저항은 273~333 K 영역에서 온도 변화에 따라 측정하였으며, TCR 값은 측정된 막의 저항 값으로부터 계산되었다. 다양한 혼합비율 조건 하에서 형성된 $(SiO_2)_x-(Ti)_y$ 막은 수 $k{\Omega}$~수백 의 $k{\Omega}$ 저항특성을 보였으며, 이러한 막의 TCR은 $-1.4{\sim}-2.6%K^{-1}$의 다양한 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 1994

최근 중요하게 된 진동 흡수를 위해서 $BaTiO_{3}$ 세라믹의 흡진 특성을 측정하고 미세구조와의 연관을 조사했다.$BaTiO_{3}$ 세라믹은 비교적 물리적 화학적으로 안정하여 좋은 흡진재로 기대된다.BaTiO$_{3}$ 세라믹은 흡진 특성을 강화시키기 위해서 섬유상 분말을 소결하여 만들었다. KDC법으로 직경이 0.2$\mu\textrm{m}$, 1.2$\mu\textrm{m}$, 2.0$\mu\textrm{m}$인 각각 다른 섬유상 $K_2Ti_4O_9$을 만들고 이온교환해서 섬유상 $BaTiO_{3}$ 을 만들었다. 면상으로 배향시킨 소결체의 흡진 특성과 전기적 물성을 조사하여 미세구조와 의 관계를 밝혔다. 소결체의 입경과 등가회로, 전기기계합계수($K_{t}$), 발생 전압(V)을 조사한 결과, 사용한 섬유의 직경이 클수록 소결체의 입경은 작아졌다. 따라서 입계가 많아졌다. 흡진 특성은 입계가 많을수록 커진다. 즉 입계의 내무마찰이 클수록 흡진률은 커지며 이때의 내부마찰은 등가회로를 조사함으로써 확인되었다.

• 공업화학
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

본 총론에서는 원자층 증착을 이용한 친환경 소재의 개발에 대한 최근 연구 결과들을 간단하게 소개하려 한다. 원자층 증착의 장점은 박막의 두께를 미세하게 조절할 수 있다는 것과, 3차원적으로 복잡한 구조를 가지는 담체의 형상을 유지하면서 균일한 박막을 제조할 수 있다는 것이다. 이러한 원자층 증착의 장점은 친환경소재를 제조하는 데 중요한 역할을 할 수 있다. Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO)와 같은 다공성 membrane을 담체로 이용하여, 다공성 구조는 그대로 유지하면서 10나노미터 정도의 $TiO_2$박막을 균일하게 증착할 경우 톨루엔 등의 휘발성 유기물 필터로 사용할 수 있는데, 이는 AAO의 특이한 기하학적 구조와 비정질 $TiO_2$의 강한 휘발성 유기물 흡착력의 조합에 의한 결과이다. 톨루엔 분해용 광촉매 및 이산화탄소 개질 반응에 의한 수소 생산 촉매 반응에 있어서도 나노다이아몬드나 니켈 담체 위에 $TiO_2$의 증착량을 미세하게 조절하여 $TiO_2$가 표면을 완전히 덮지 않고 부분적으로만 덮고 있는 구조를 만들 경우 촉매의 효율 및 수명을 극대화할 수 있게 된다. 이러한 예들은 원자층 증착이 기존의 반도체산업뿐만 아니라 환경소재의 개발에도 중요한 도구가 될 수 있음을 의미한다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권12호
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• pp.3011-3015
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• 2009

Structural and thermo-analytical studies were carried out to understand the phase formation kinetics of the single phase $Bi_5Ti_3FeO_{15}$ (BTFO) nanocrystals in $Bi_2O_3-Fe_2O_3-TiO_2$, during the polymerized complex (PC) synthesis method. The crystallization of Aurivillius phase $Bi_5Ti_3FeO_{15}$ layered perovskite was found to be initiated and achieved under the temperature conditions in the range of ${\sim}$800 to 1050$^{\circ}C$. The activation energy for grain growth of $Bi_5Ti_3FeO_{15}$ nanocrystals (NCs) was very low in case of NCs formed by PC (2.61 kJ/mol) than that formed by the solid state reaction (SSR) method (10.9 kJ/mol). The energy involved in the phase transformation of Aurivillius phase $Bi_5Ti_3FeO_{15}$ from $Bi_2O_3-Fe_2O_3-TiO_2$ system was ${\sim}$ 69.8 kJ/mol. The formation kinetics study of $Bi_5Ti_3FeO_{15}$ synthesized by SSR and PC methods would not only render a large impact in the nanocrystalline material development but also in achieving highly efficient visible photocatalysts.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.65-73
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• 1995

Negative electrode was prepared by mixing $Ti_{0.7}Zr_{0.3}Cr_{0.3}Mn_{0.3}V_{0.6}Ni_{0.8}$ alloy powder with copper or nickel powder and pressing in the air. The cycled electrodes were analyzed with SEM, potentiostat and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the Cu-compacted electrode showed better low temperature dischargeability and higher rate capability than Ni-compacted electrode. From SEM analysis of the cycled electrode compacted with copper powder, it was observed that the surface of MH particles was covered with copper grains and whisker precipitated from electrolyte after dissolution during cell test. It is found that the improved electrode characteristics are attributed to the copper layer on MH particles deposited by dissolution and precipitation(DP) process.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.418-424
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• 2006

In order to improve the activation properties of the $AB_2$ type hydrogen storage alloys for Ni-MH battery, the alloy surface was modified by employing high energy ball milling. The $Zr_{0.54}Ti_{0.45}V_{0.54}Ni_{0.87}Cr_{0.15}Co_{0.21}Mn_{0.24}$ alloy powder was ball milled for various period by using the high energy ball mill. As the ball milling time increased, activation of the $AB_2$ type composite powder electrodes were enhanced regardless of additives. When the ball milling time was small discharge capacities of the $AB_2$ type composite powder electrodes increased with the milling time. On the other hand for large milling time it decreased with increasing milling time. The maximum discharge capacity was obtained by ball milling for 3-4 min.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.857-862
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• 2014

Mechanical alloying under various gas atmospheres such as Ar, an Ar-$H_2$ mixture, and He gases were carried out, and its effects on the powder properties, microstructure and mechanical properties of ODS ferritic steels were investigated. Hot isostatic pressing and hot rolling processes were employed to consolidate the ODS steel plates. While the mechanical alloyed powder in He had a high oxygen concentration, a milling in Ar showed fine particle diameters with comparably low oxygen concentration. The microstructural observation revealed that low oxygen concentration contributed to the formation of fine grains and homogeneous oxide particle distribution by the Y-Ti-O complex oxides. A milling in Ar was sufficient to lower the oxygen concentration, and this led a high tensile strength and fracture elongation at a high temperature. It is concluded that the mechanical alloying atmosphere affects oxygen concentration as well as powder particle properties. This leads to a homogeneous grain and oxide particle distribution with excellent creep strength at high temperature.

• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part2
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• pp.848-849
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• 2006

Bulk metallic glass (BMG) composites combining a $Cu_{54}Ni_6Zr_{22}Ti_{18}$ matrix with brass powders or $Zr_{62}A_{l8}Ni_{13}Cu_{17}$ metallic glass powders were fabricated by spark plasma sintering. The brass powders and Zr-based metallic glass powders added for the enhancement of plasticity are well distributed homogeneously in the Cu-based metallic glass matrix after consolidation. The BMG composites show macroscopic plasticity after yielding, and the plastic strain increased to around 2% without a decrease in strength for the composite material containing 20 vol% Zr-based amorphous powders. The proper combination of strength and plasticity in the BMG composites was obtained by introducing a second phase in the metallic glass matrix.

• 센서학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.400-403
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• 2013

The piezoelectric composite film of ferroelectric PZT ceramic ($PbZr_xTi_{1-x}O_3$) and polymer (PDMS, Polydimethylsiloxane) was prepared to improve the flexibility of piezoelectric material. The bar coating method was applied to fabricate flexible nanocomposite film with large surface area by low cost process. In the case of using metal electrode on the composite film, although there is no problem by bending process, the electrode is usually broken away from the film by stretching process. However, the well-attached, flexible CNT electrode on PZT/PDMS film improved flexibility, especially stretchability. PZT particles was usually settled down into polymer matrix due to gravity of the weighty particle, so to improve the dispersion of PZT powder in polymer matrix, small amount of additives (CNT powder, Carbon nanotube powder) was physically mixed with the matrix. By stretching the film, an output voltage of PZT(70 wt%)/PDMS with CNT (0.5 wt%) was measured.