• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.327-330
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• 2002

The purpose of this research was to test multiplex polymerase chain reaction in investigating the microbiological quality of the risky surfaces in social living places of a military base where over 15 thousand people live together. In 22 samples of 99, there were no bacteria. Only four of the samples contained Shigella, and one of them contained Salmonella, but 77 of the samples contained thermotolerant coliform organisms. There was no statistically significant difference among the microbiological quality of different sites and different equipment surfaces (p>0.05).

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.357-368
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• 2016

Cambodia is the representative of developing country in Southeast Asia region. As a view point of water resource, Cambodia has in abundance but public sanitation problems persist in rural areas due to unsafe drinking water and untreated human waste. The purpose of this research is to prepare and develop new strategies for the water aid program in Cambodia by assessing, reviewing, and analyzing the present situation of water pollution for rural areas and the existing water use cycle in these regions. Pproyap and Langthle regions in Pursat province are selected as research areas. Cambodian's rural population in research areas relies on surface water stored in drinking-detention swamps, rain-water jars, and unprotected wells. The two types of main measures, thermotolerant coliform(TTC) bacteria and general pollutants, were conducted to assess the quality of selected water samples for research areas. TTC is a bacterial indicator of waterborne fecal contamination. For the 26 water samples, only one of the samples met the WHO standard for safe drinking water of 0 TTC colony forming units/100 mL.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.122-125
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• 2022

The cellulose-fed microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a biotechnological process that directly converts lignocellulosic materials to electricity without combustion. In this study, the cellulose-fed, MFC-integrated thermophilic bacterium, Bacillus sp. WK21, with endoglucanase and exoglucanase activities of 1.25 ± 0.08 U/ml and 0.95 ± 0.02 U/ml, respectively, was used to generate electricity at high temperatures. Maximal current densities of 485, 420, and 472 mA/m² were achieved when carboxymethyl cellulose, avicel cellulose, and cellulose powder, respectively, were used as substrates. Their respective maximal power was 94.09, 70.56, and 89.30 mW/m³. This study demonstrates the value of the novel use of a cellulase-producing thermophilic bacterium as a biocatalyst for electricity generation in a cellulose-fed MFC.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.205-213
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• 1993

The APHA-MPN procedure is the only officially accepted method for classifying shellfish growing areas in U. S. A. The method estimates the levels of fecal coliforms and E. coli, indicators of the sanitary quality of environmental waters. However, the MPN has several disadvantages requiring far more time, labor and expense for assay, as well as providing relatively poor precision. Several membrane filtration procedures have been developed to enumerate these indicators in waters. Of these, the mTEC technique has been shown to provide recoveries of fecal coliforms and E. coli comparable to those of the MPN method. In an abbreviated sanitary survey for Greenwich Bay in Rhode Island, U. S. A., classified as an approved shellfish growing area, the mTEC and conventional MPN methods were again compared for their recoveries of the indicator bacteria. It was found that the recoveries of fecal coliforms and E. coli provided by the mTEC technique are 1.08 and 1.27 times higher than those produced by MPN for water monitoring, respectively, and that the membrane filtration method appears to be a possible alternative to APHA-MPN.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2004

In this study, we compared the levels of methylotrophic bacterial community diversity in the leaf, stem, grain, root and rhizosphere soil sainples of four rice cultivars collected from three regions of Korea. Thirty five pigmented and five non-pigmented isolates showing characteristic growth on methanul were obtained. When phylotypes were defined by performing numerical analysis of 42 characteristics, four distinct clusters were formed. While two clusters, I and IV diverged on the basis of nitrate and nitrite reduction, other two clusters, comprising only pink pigmented colonies, diverged on the basis of cellulase activity. Out of the two reference strains used in the analysis, Methyhbacterium extorquens AM1 diverged from all the clusters and M. fujisawaense KACC 10744 grouped under cluster III. All the isolates were positive for urease, oxidase, catalase and pectinase activity and negative for indole production, MR and VP test, $H_2S$ production, starch, and casein hydrolysis. No clusters were found to possess thermotolerant isolates, as no growth of the isolates was observed at $45^{\circ}C$. Two strains in cluster I were found to possess gelatin hydrolysis and methane utilizing properties respectively. Most of the isolates in all the four clusters utilized monosaccliarides, disaccharide and polyols as carbon source. Six isolates showed considerable nitrogenase activity ranging from 86.2 to $809.9nmol\;C_2H_4\;h^{-1}\;mg^{-1}$ protein.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.344-353
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• 2017

Cambodia is a typical country that a very famous tourist destination in South Asian regions, but water has some serious problems. As a public hygiene point of view, water problems in Cambodia can be roughly classified into two categories. A numbers of the report revealed that thermotolerant coliform(TTC) bacteria and arsenic(As) pollution representative species as a representative pollutant for surface water and ground water problems, respectively. In recent years, home water purifier systems for various filter systems including BSF(Bio-Sand Filter), MF and RO have been spread and adopted in rural areas. However, BSF and composite membrane processes are recognized as an undesirable and representative method due to unreliable efficiency, high cost and maintenance issues. In order to develop a small-scale ceramic filter as a home water purifier, the applicability of two types of gravity ceramic filter using clay and red soil in the part of the Northwest was made and compared in this research.