• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.471-478
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• 2022

This study attempted to find out the improvement effect the improvement effect of Babassu oil on damaged hair by damaged hair by applying a hair-improving formulation with Babassu oil to damaged hair after manufacturing. As the experimental raw material, the contents of babassu oil were changed to 0 g, 3 g 6 g, and 9 g and added to the perm base agent. The prepared formulation was applied to 8 levels of bleached sample hair. Each sample and damaged hair were measured and compared and analyzed. As for the measurement method, tensile strength, absorbance using methylene blue, and gloss were measured to know the effect of improving damage hair Statistical analysis was conducted for the reliability of the research results. As a result of the research, it was found that the tensile strength was higher than that of the damaged hair in all samples applied by adding babassu oil. As a result of absorbance analysis using methylene blue, it was found that absorbance was decreased in all samples compared to damaged hair. As a result of the gloss measurement, it was found that the gloss was increased in all samples compared to the damaged hair. In conclusion, it was found that babassu oil had an improvement effect on damaged hair.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.118-123
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• 2010

To estimate the regulatory effects of Scutellaria baicalensis extracts on melanin biosynthesis, we evaluated the regulatory effects of the tyrosinase gene on B16 melanoma cells. The results revealed that methanolic extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis resulted in a high increase in the expression of the tyrosinase gene. Specifically, treatment with extracts at concentrations of $10\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ resulted in increases in tyrosinase gene expression rates of approximately 231% and 256%, respectively, when compared to the control. Moreover, the solvent fraction layers(methylene chloride, ethyl acetate, butyl alcohol, water) improved the expression of the tyrosinase gene, but to a lesser degree than the methanolic extracts. An MTT assay revealed, that the methanolic extract exhibited very low cytotoxicities at $10\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ and $100\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. Taken together, the results of this study indicated that the methanolic extracts of Scutellaria baicalensis was a very effective positive regulator of tyrosinase gene expression.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.51-55
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• 2015

This study investigated the changes in the physicochemical characteristics and sensory evaluation of Aster scaber by blanching treatment time. Aster scaber was blanched with $100^{\circ}C$ hot water for 1~5 min. At $100^{\circ}C$ blanching, the total polyphenol contents of the sample blanched for 1~5 min ranged from 7.57 to 6.45% while the sample blanched for 5 min showed a severe loss of phenolic compounds. The sample blanched $at 100^{\circ}C$ for 5 min had the lowest $L^*$ and $b^*$ values (24.96 and 16.14, respectively) and the highest $a^*$ value (-10.39) among all the samples. With regard to the texture profile, the sample blanched at $100^{\circ}C$ for 5 min was the highest in texture. Significant reductions in the texture, color, and total phenol content were observed after blanching. In the sensory evaluation, the Aster scaber sample blanched with hot water at $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 min showed the highest color, appearance, and flavor while the sample heated with boiling water for 3 min had the highest sensory score in terms of texture and overall acceptability. In conclusion, the 3 min blanching of Aster scaber yielded the best sensory quality.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2017

To examine the protective effect of rosmarinic acid on the aluminum of dementia inducer, cultured C6 glioma cells were treated with various concentrations of aluminum chloride ($AlCl_3$) or rosmarinic acid. The cell viability, electron donating ability (EDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, and inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation were evaluated for the antioxidant effect of rosmarinic acid. In these cultures, $AlCl_3$ sowed a cytotoxic effect by decreasing the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner; then, the $XTT_{50}$ value was measured at $142.2{\mu}M$ of $AlCl_3$ after treating the cultured C6 glioma cells with media containing $120{\sim}160{\mu}M\;AlCl_3$. Therefore, its toxicity was determined as mid-cytotoxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria; while, vitamin E of antioxidant markedly increased the cell viability on $AlCl_3$-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. This study showed the antioxidant effect of rosmarinic acid via several assays, such as electron donating activity (EDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, and inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation. From these findings, it is suggested that the oxidative stress is involved in $AlCl_3$-induced cytotoxicity, and rosmarinic acid was effective in the protection of $AlCl_3$-induced cytotoxicity by antioxidant activity. In conclusion, natural resources, like rosmarinic acid, may be a putative antioxidant agent for the treatment of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated disease, such as dementia.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.797-806
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• 2018

This study attempted to investigate the effects of Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas (P. lactiflora) on the inhibition of oxygen free radical, anti-inflammation and MMP-1 inhibitory activity and examine its possibility as a functional cosmetic material. For test methods, the inhibition of oxygen free radical after measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell, cytotoxicity assessment and anti-inflammation were measured, and MMP-1 inhibitory effects in the HDF cell were measured. According to the test, the inhibition of ROS was confirmed in RAW 264.7 and HDF cells. In terms of cytotoxicity assessment, 90% or higher cell viability was detected at $5/10{\mu}g/mL$ Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas extract while it was 80% or higher at other concentration levels in both RAW 264.7 and HDF cells. In addition, NO production was inhibited in the RAW 264.7 cell while MMP-1 was significantly inhibited in the HDF cell. The above results reveal a possibility of Paeonia Lactiflora Pallas extract as a functional cosmetic material after confirming the inhibition of ROS synthesis in the cell, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NO synthesis, low toxicity on skin cells and anti-aging effect through MMP-1 inhibition.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.272-277
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• 2013

The physicochemical and sensory properties of herb samgyetang, ginseng chicken soup added with medicinal herbs were investigated to determine the optimum addition level of medicinal herbs. The pH of herb samgyetang decreased with increasing addition level of the Acorus gramineus addition level, and the soluble solid content increased as the Codonopsis lanceolata addition level increased. The herb samgyetang with the highest Codonopsis lanceolata addition level had the lowest $L^*$ and $b^*$ value. In contrast, the $a^*$ value increased with increasing Codonopsis lanceolata addition level. In sensory evaluation, the highest color, taste, and overall acceptability scores were obtained by the herb samgyetang with the highest Codonopsis lanceolata addition level. In conclusion, the optimum addition levels of medicinal herbs for herb Samgyetang are as follows: Platycodon grandiflorum 4 g, Acorus gramineus 4 g, Codonopsis lanceolata 12 g, Schizandra chinensis 6 g, Atractylodeslancea 4 g, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 4 g, and Zizyphus jujube 4 g.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 2020

This study attempted to review the possibility of Psidium guajava leaf extract as a cosmetics ingredient by measuring antioxidant activity through ABTS radical scavenging activity, cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophages, ROS generation-inhibiting effects through DCF-DA assay and antimicrobial activity, and the results found the followings: The Psidium guajava leaf extract revealed excellent ABTS radical scavenging activity. In RAW 264.7 macrophages, no cytotoxicity was found. The ROS generation in the cells was reduced in a dose-dependent manner. The antimicrobial activities were observed in the following strains: S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans and P. acnes. In terms of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) on each strain, which ranged from 0.25 to 1 mg/mL, C. albican was the lowest, followed by E. coli, S. aureus and P. acnes. The above results confirmed the effects of Psidium guajava leaf extract: antioxidant activity, inhibition of ROS generation in the cells, antimicrobial effects on skin flora which causes inflammation. Therefore, it appears that the extract would be available as a cosmetics ingredient which is free of toxins and side effects.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.144-153
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• 2000

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between radiation-induced activation of DNA repair genes and radiation induced apoptosis in A431 cell line. Materials and Methods: Five and 25 Gys of gamma radiation were given to A431 cells by a Cs-137 cell irradiator. Apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry using annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide staining. The expression of DNA repair genes was evaluated by both Northern and Western blot analyses. Results: The number of apoptotic cells increased with the increased radiation dose. It increased most significantly at 12 hours after irradiation. Expression of p53, p21, and hRAD50 reached the highest level at 12 hours after 5 Gy irradiation. In response to 25 Gy irradiation, hRAD50 and p21 were expressed maximally at 12 hours, but p53 and GADD45 genes showed the highest expression level after 12 hours. Conclusion: Induction of apoptosis and DNA repair by ionizing radiation were closely correlated. The peak time of inducing apoptosis and DNA repair was 12 hours in this study model. hRAD50, a recently discovered DNA repair gene, was also associated with radiation-induced apoptosis.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.323-327
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• 2007

Moderate consumption of maesil(Prunus mune) was associated with pharmaceutical and physiological effects on human health. The object of this study was to determine the inhibitory effects of Prunus mune extracts(PME) on food spoilage microorganisms. PME was found to have an antibacterial effect on Colletotrichum fragariae. The hydrophilic fractions of PME showed more effective inhibition than did the hydrophobic fractions. In addition, the hydrophilic fractions of PME seemed to inhibit(12-40%) metabolic enzymes related to energy production, including glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and hexokinase. Our data suggest that hydrophilic components of PME might control food spoilage microorganisms because of suppression of membrane enzymatic function.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.995-1003
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• 2017

Whitening and anti-oxidant effects were observed in order to investigate the biological activations of Salvia plebeia herb ethanol extracts. No toxicity was found in both B16F10 melanoma cells and Raw 264.7 cells exposed to Salvia plebeia herb ethanol extracts for 48 hour. The extracts showed significant antioxidant activity in cell-free and cell-cultured system. In the DPPH radical assay, it removed dose-dependently DPPH radicals and showed 77.6% at $100{\mu}g/mL$. In the cells, it also significantly removed silica-induced ROS generation and LPS-induced NO production in a dose dependent manner. Using L-DOPA and L-tyrosine as a substrate, tyrosinase activity was inhibited using Salvia plebeia herb ethanol extracts in a dose-dependent manner. The supression occurred to be in the B16F10 melanoma cells, where dose-dependently inhibited Salvia plebeia herb ethanol extracts of $1{\mu}g/M$ ${\alpha}$-melanocyte stimulated hormone-induced melanin production and the inhibitory effect was 30.7% at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$. This suggests that the Salvia plebeia herb ethanol extracts are usable for cosmetic product developments for anti-oxidant and whitening effects.