• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.192-198
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• 2009

이번 연구는 치근 천공의 치료 재료인 white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)를 흔히 사용되는 calcium hydroxide liner ($Dycal^{(R)}$), glass ionomer cement (GIC), 그리고 MTA와 유사한 성분을 가진 Portland cement와 세포독성 실험으로 생체 친화성을 평가하는 것이다. 세포독성의 정도는 MG-63 세포를 이용해 주사전자 현미경적 관찰과 수용성 tetrazolium salt를 이용한 흡광도를 측정 (XTT assay)하여 평가하였다. SEM 관찰에서, 1일과 3일째 모두에서 GIC와 MTA, Portland cement 표면에서는 잘 부착된 세포를 보여주었다. 반면에, Dycal 표면의 세포들은 둥글고 부착되지 않은 양상을 보여 주었다. XTT assay에서는 Dycal을 제외한 모든 재료에서 유사하게 높은 세포 활성도를 보여주었으며, 이는 SEM 관찰 소견과 일치하였다. 이번 연구는 MTA가 생체친화적인 재료라는 견해를 뒷받침한다. 또한 Portland cement와 GIC에서도 MTA와 유사한 세포반응을 보여주었다.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2013

Rapid loss in viability of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed is a major problem. Present effort was undertaken for developing a set pattern for assessing of viability and vigour in seed of various mother tree age of neem (Age I-06 years, Age II-15 years, Age III-25 years and Age IV->30 years old). Various viability test viz. triphenyle tetrazolium chloride test, electrical conductivity, excised embryo test, and germination test have been performed on seeds obtained from mother tree age classes. Inconsistency was observed with the TTC and EC test in germination of seed in laboratory as well as nursery. While various vigour tests viz. cold test, chemical stress test (methanol stress test), and accelerated ageing test alongwith ageing index, germination test (G%, MGT and GV) and various seedling growth parameters like seedling length (cm), number of leaves, collar diameter (cm), total biomass (g) alongwith mathematical indices i.e. vigour index, sturdiness quotient, volume index, quality index, root shoot ratio in nursery as well have been taken for study and showed better consistency. On the basis present study results of various viability and vigour test indicated that mother tree age class II performed better in comparison to others and it can be recommended for seed collection. Further it is also recommended that viability of neem seed may be assessed using various laboratory tests like excise embryo test and germination test (G%, MGT and GV) and vigour test may be taken preferably by cold germination test, chemical (methanol) stress test, accelerated ageing test in laboratory and germination alongwith various seedling growth parameters seedling length (cm), number of leaves, collar diameter (cm), total biomass (g) alongwith mathematical indices like Vigour Index, Sturdiness quotient, Volume Index, Quality index, root shoot ratio in nursery as discussed in this study.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.754-758
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• 2004

To test the cytoprotective effect of sophorae radix (SR) against hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced cytotoxicity, we investigated the cell viability using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in the presence of methylene chloride, n-butanol, ethyl acetate and water soluble fraction of SR water extracts in H9c2 cells. These results were obtained as followed; H₂O₂ decreased the cell viability of H9c2 cells in a dose dependent manner. Cells pretreated with SR water extracts were protected the H₂O₂-induced decrease of viability in H9c2 cells. Among organic solvents fractions of SR water extracts, ethyl acetate soluble fractions of SR protected the decrease of viability induced by H₂O₂ in H9c2 cells. These results suggest that ethyl acetate soluble fractions of SR water extracts is effective in the prevention of H₂O₂-induced cytotoxicity.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.315-320
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• 1998

In vitro skin iritation of anti-inflammatory drugs was investigated in terms of the cytotoxicity method to human skin fibroblast cells. Five anti-inflammatory drugs (Diclofenac, Naproxen, Meclofenamic acid, Ibuprofen and Fnoprofen) which are commercially available as oral preparations or injections were tested. The cytotoxicity of 5 chemicals was evaluated by using MTT[tetrazolium salt 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] assay. NRU (neutral red uptake) assay and Alamar Blue assay after fibroblast cells had been exposed to the chemicals for 24 hours or 489 hours. The $IC_{50}$ values of the chemicals showed the comparative strength of cytotoxicity as following order of Meclofenamic acid>Diclofenac>Fenoprofen>Ibuprofen>Naproxen. The values of $IC_{50}$ determined by Alamar Blue assay were lower than those of MTT and NRU assay. These data suggest Alamar Blue assay can be useful method for assessing in vitro skin irritation potential of anti-inflammatory drugs.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.65-75
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• 2002

This study was performed to know the effects of stress induced by the daily fluctuation of water temperture from 18$^{\circ}C$ to 25$^{\circ}C$ up and down for 30 days on the defence mechanism of olive flounder. Puralichthys olivaceus. To make clear the temperature stress on the defense mechanism of the tested fish. several factors of immune response such as counting of leucocyte appearance in peripheral blood, phagocytic activity in whole blood cells, nitroblue tetrazolium(NBT) reduction, chemiluminescence(CL) response, and lysozyme activity were investigated at 28 days after giving the change of water temperature. The fish was controlled under the none feeding condition during experimental period. Mortality of the tested fish was rapidly increased up to 22% within the first one week of the experimental period without any additional stress factors. The number of neutrophil of peripheral blood in the tested group was significantly higher than the control group at the 2nd week. but the number of lymphocyte was significantly lower than the control group at the 1st and 3rd day of the experimental period. respectively. In the NBT reduction test, the activity of macrophage in the control group fish was the highest on the 7th day while that in the tested group was on the 3rd day. Also. the phagocytosis of tested group against formalin killed cells was retarded compared with the control. CL response of the tested group was significantly lower from 2nd to 5lh day of the experimental period than the control. 'The lysozyme activity of tested group was remained higher during the experimental period than the control. Even though the tested fish showed different results in some non-specific factors of immune respceses between tested and control group fish, olive flounder seems highly adaptable in repealed water temperature change in condition after one week under the given temperature fluctuation range.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.111-116
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• 2012

Nondestructive evaluation of seed viability is one of the highly demanding technologies for seed production industry. Conventional seed sorting technologies, such as tetrazolium and standard germination test are destructive, time consuming, and labor intensive methods. Near infrared spectroscopy technique has shown good potential for nondestructive quality measurements for food and agricultural products. In this study, FT-NIR spectroscopy was used to classify normal and artificially aged lettuce seeds. The spectra with the range of 1100~2500 nm were scanned for lettuce seeds and analyzed using the principal component analysis(PCA) method. To classify viable seeds from nonviable seeds, a calibration modeling set was developed with a partial least square(PLS) method. The calibration model developed from PLS resulted in 98% classification accuracy with the Savitzky-Golay $1^{st}$ derivative preprocessing method. The prediction accuracy for the test data set was 93% with the MSC(Multiplicative Scatter Correction) preprocessing method. The results show that FT-NIR has good potential for discriminating non-viable lettuce seeds from viable ones.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.417-424
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• 1987

보리종자의 노화과정에서 일어나는 생리화학적인 활성을 비교 검토하여 종자세를 예측하기에 적합한 방법을 구명하기 위하여 새쌀보리, 부호보리 및 두산2002의 3품종을 ‘Wire-mesh tray’ 방법으로 41$^{\circ}C$, 상대습도 100%로 조절하여 1일에서 8일간 인위노화시켰다. 종자세의 지표로서 발아율$\times$유아의 길이로 표시한 값과 각종 매개면수와의 관계를 비교하였다. 발아시험에 의한 방법이 보리종자의 퇴화진전을 확실히 반영해 주고 있으며, ATP 검정과 GADA 검정방법을 제외한 저온발아시험, 전기전도검정 및 테트라조리움 검정방법은 보리 종자세평가에 적합한 방법임을 알 수 있었다. 특히 저온발아시험에 의한 유아장과 데트라조리움 검정법이 가장 효과적인 방법임을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.161-171
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 제주도에서 자생하는 37 종의 식물추출물에 대한 미백 및 항산화 효능을 조사하였다. 미백 효능은 in vitro tyrosinase 저해활성과 B16-F1 세포를 이용한 멜라닌 합성 저해효과를 조사하여 확인하였고, 항산화 효능은 DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl)를 이용한 전자공여능 측정방법과 DCF-DA (dichlorofluorescin diacetate)를 이용한 V79-4 폐 섬유아세포에서 활성 산소종 소거작용 능력을 조사하여 측정하였다. 세포실험 조건에서 식물추출물들의 투여농도에 따른 세포독성 정도를 조사하기 위하여 MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) assay를 수행하였다. 미백 효능조사 실험에서 우수한 결과를 나타내었던 8종의 식물 추출물들은 토끼를 이용한 국소 독성 시험 및 인체 피부 자극 임상 시험에 적용하여 안전성을 조사하였다. 연구결과에서 높은 미백과 항산화 효능을 동시에 나타내었던 비수리(Lespedeza cuneata), 제주광나무(Ligustrum lucidum (stem)), 산뽕나무(Morus bombycis (stem)), 꿀풀(Prunella vulgaris var. lilacina)의 식물추출물들은 화장품 원료화에 매우 유리한 조건을 갖고 있음을 확인하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.98-109
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• 2004

Objectives : To evaluate the anti-tumor and synergic effect of Soonkiwhajungtang with doxorubicin. Methods : The inhibitory concentration (IC), $IC_{50}$ and $IC_{90}$ of single use of doxorubicin and Soonkiwhajungtang with their concomitant treatment against MKN-45 (human stomach carcinoma) cell line were observed using MTT (microculture tetrazolium test) assay. In addition, their anti-tumor effects were also observed in xenograft nude mice models against the MKN-45 cell line. Results : Soonkiwhajungtang has only minimal direct anti-tumor effect against MKN-45 cell line but it reduced general depressed signs induced by implantation of the tumor cell lines and increased the total WBC and lymphocyte numbers. Conclusions : It is considered or expected that Soonkiwhajungtang extract reduces the critical toxicity of doxorubicin and has favorable synergic anti-tumor effect when administered concomitantly with doxorubicin.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.9-21
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• 2004

Objectives : To evaluate the anti-tumor and synergic effect of Bojungikkeehapdaechilki-tang (BJDC) with doxorubicin. Methods : The inhibitory concentration (IC), $IC_{50}{\;}and{\;}IC_{90}$ of single use of doxorubicin and BIDC with their concomitant treatment against Colon-26 (murine rectum carcinoma) cell line were observed using MTT (microculture tetrazolium test) assay. In addition, their anti-tumor effects were also observed in xenograft nude mice models against Colon-26 cell line. Results : BJDC had only minimal direct anti-tumor effect against Colon-26 cell line but it reduced general depressed signs induced by implantation of the tumor cell lines and increased the total WBC and lymphocyte numbers. Conclusions : It is considered or expected that BJDC extract is reducing the critical toxicity of doxorubicin and has favorable synergic anti-tumor effect when administered conconitently with doxorubicin.