• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.946-962
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to contribute to the development of clinical instruction by students' ratings of teaching effectiveness in clinical nursing education. The subjects were comprised of graduating class 618 students from 24 nursing colleges in the nation. The instruments used in this study were "general characteristics & status of clinical nursing education" developed by the researcher and "Instrument to Measure Effectiveness of Clinical Instructors" by Reeve(1994). The 50 questions used in the questionaire were categorized into 13 components subject to factor analysis. The 13 components were interpersonal relationships, communication skills, role model, resource for students, favorable to students, encouraging to think for selves, teaching methods, evaluation, finding assignments for objectives, organization of subject matter, professional competence, knowledge of subject matter & working with agency personnel. The results of this study are as follows 1. Status of clinical nursing educaion : 1) Clinical nursing education were led by nursing professors(44.9%), a team of both nuring professor & head nurse(6.8%), instructors from specific hospital(15.1%), instuctos for a specific subject(14.6%), & head nurse(6.8%). For 3-year program students, 34.6% of the clinical nursing education were led by instructors from specific hospital & 51.4% of the education by nursing professors for Bachelor's program. 2) The contents for clinical education comprised of Conference being the most frequent of 34.5% ; a combination of Nursing skills, Orientation, Conference etc.22.0% : Nursing process 21.7% : Orientation 13.5% : Inspection(making rounds ) 6.4%, & Nursing skills of 2% being the least frequent. 3) Students' preference of clinical teachers from the highest to the lowest were instructors for a specific subject being the most desired (44.9%) followed by nursing professor, head nurse, a team of both nursing professor & head nurse, & instructors from specific hospital being the least desired. 4) Students felt that the qualification for clinical teachers should be at least a master's degree holder and 5 or more years of clinical experience. The reason they felt was because knowledge & experience are imperative for professional education. 2. Clinical teaching effectiveness : The total points for teaching effectiveness was 147.97(mean of 2.95±0.98) where the total score is considered to be an average rating. 3. Teaching effectiveness as status of clinical nursing education : 1) The score ratings for the clinical instructors from the highest to the lowest were as follows : instructors for a specific subject, instructors from specific hospitals, a team of both nursing professors & head nurses, nursing professors, head nurses, which resulted in significunt difference(F=4.53, P<0.001). 2) The rating scores based on the teaching program from the highest to the lowest were as follws ; nursing skills, nursing process, a combination of nursing skills, orientation, conference etc. , conferences, orientation, inspection, which resulted in significunt difference(F=10.97, P<0.001). 4. Based on 13 categorized components from the questionaires, questions related to communication skills scored the highest points of 3.20 where inquiries regarding resource for students scored the lowest points of 2.38. 5. Among the 13 categorial components from the questionaire, Interpersonal relationship, Communication skills, Resource for students, Encouraging to think for selves, Evaluation, Teaching method, Finding assignment for objectives, Organization of subject matter, Professional competence, & Working with agency personnel, instructors for a specific subject scored the highest points and head nurse scored the lowest, which resulted in significant difference. Favorable for students, instructors for a specific subject scored highest points and nursing professor scored the lowest, which resulted in significant deference (F=5.39, P<0.001). Role model & Professional competence, instructors for a specific subject scored the highest points and head nurse scored the lowest, with minimum variation(F=1.29, P>0.05 : F=1.64, P>0.05) 6. Based on 13 categorial components as a whole, the highest points scored among the 5 groups of clinical teachers was instructors for a specific subject and the lowest, by head nurse(F=1.94, P<0. 001). A team of both nursing professor & head nurse attained higher score in clinical education than their independent education.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.58
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• pp.59-80
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• 2019

Recently, our company has entered the modern knowledge company, government policy and regulation has a big influence on people's lives. Also, unlike in the past, I am hoping for administrative intervention as a problem peculiar to the environment, such as environmental housing problems, urban transportation problems, misuse problems, etc. and corporate pending issues. In this study, through the 10th year of the Seoul Special Citizen Judicial Police Force, if the local autonomy is a special envoy, it will try to present the correctness in the organization luck. As a measure to secure the nature of administrative action, the method of investigation was through the study of the execution process of administrative penalty and its result based on the statistical data of Seoul City. Therefore, we will analyze the process and operation of the 10-year organizational change of the Seoul Metropolitan Government's police force and examine how the police force of the people's livelihoods, which is a special investigation organization, is expanding its duties in order to strengthen the enforcement power of the administration. Also, we will make future-oriented suggestions to encourage the readjustment of the current relevant laws, such as the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, and to actively accommodate the expected changes of the special law police organization in charge of the enforcement of the police system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.473-486
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• 2016

Purpose: Although the price reduction policy is established for military supplies, it is more focused on general military items. Therefore, it is hard to apply the current price reduction policy directly to the major weapon system. The purpose of this study is to develop an evaluation model which generates appropriate outputs for price reduction of military supplies. Methods: To improve the current policy, we first analyze the relevant policies of price reduction of similar organizations. We gather the opinions of related organization through survey including DAPA, Logistics Command, DTaQ and Defense industry companies. Then, we develop a price reduction model based on the analytic hierarchical process(AHP) method to find out important factors for price reduction. Results: The results of AHP analysis show that the important factors when applying price reduction of military supplies. From the analysis, the proposed method effectively generates the amounts of price reduction for the nonconformance items. Conclusion: The results of this research will be used as guidelines to improve military supplies policy of price reduction.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.424-433
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• 2006

Purpose: This study is analyzing nurse managers's common fundamental competencies changes and responses to the application of the action learning, and promoting introduction and revitalization of action learning. Method: The research design is one group pretest-posttest design. The subjects are 40 nurse managers. The program was performed for 5 weeks. Data were collected before the program and after 5 weeks program and were analyzed with paired t-test. Result: Action learning was an effective way to develop an individual and team and to solve the problem of organization. There were more significant increases after the program than before the program on common fundamental competencies(p<.05). Conclusion: This study has us confirm that action learning is an effective education method for organization members on the spot to recognize their problem and study by themselves and solve the practical problems with various solution process.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.141-152
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to provide the basic materials for searching the way of improvement to heighten the emergency medical welfare level by one step further. To achieve this purpose, the subjects of this study were selected 452 college students in Gwangju, using a random sampling method. The statistical analysis methods utilized for analyzing the collected data are frequency analysis, $x^2$ test. The conclusions obtained from these analyses are as following ; 1. In question about necessary optimum number of persons for rescue first aid activity, health and non-health major college students responded by 39.2%, 45.3% respectively that rescue team 15 people, first aid team 3 people is most suitable. But there was no significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 2. In question about security of the public health doctor and the emergency medical technician, all health and non-health major college students are recognizing necessity urgently, but there was no significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 3. In question about 119 rescue first aid team member applying for an examination qualification grant to the department of EMT's graduate, all health and non-health major college students were highest by 52.9%, 52.4% respectively in "necessity" item. But there was no significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 4. Because rescue first aid equipment level appears higher than 41.7% in non-health major college student's case by 54.2% in health major college student's case, health major college students are recognizing that equipment level should be supplemented more but there was no significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 5. In question about equipment supplement, all health and non-health major college students appeared highest by 64.8%, 69.3% in accident type different special equipment. But there was no significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 6. In question about rescue ambulance car size, we could know being thinking that health and non-health major college student each 61.2%, 56.5% is small and narrow that large size of the rescue ambulance amount need. But there was no significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 7. In question about patient's state is worsened, because rescue first aid equipment is inferior, health major college student responded sometimes 55.1%, many 29.5%. very many by 11.5%, while non-health major college student responded 65.8%, 23.1%, 4.0% respectively. There was significant difference in major department(p<0.05). 8. In question about emergency patient must utilize for 119 rescue ambulance car, all health and non-health major college students appeared highest by 38.8%, 41.3% in "not so" item. In question about rescue first aid team's first-aid treatment ability improves more, all health and non-health major college students appeared highest by 58.1% and 58.7% respectively in "improve" item. In question about "119 rescue ambulance car must go more rapidly than now", all health and non-health major college students are recognizing that should be quicker by 58.1%, 60.9% respectively. When called to 119 all health and non-health major college students responded highest by 55.5%, 53.3% respectively that we must receive first-aid treatment direction from a doctor. In question about "119 rescue ambulance car must be made the pay system", all health and non-health major college students responded 74%, 80% respectively in "not so" item. There was significant difference in major department(p<0.05). In conclusions, In oder to provide superior rescue first aid service to people, a public health doctor should be placed in the situation room inside the fire station so that the doctor could instruct the proper emergency treatment suitable for each situation to the rescue first aid team. Also, national education about a first-aid treatment that do to all people is necessarily necessary in emergency delivery system and this should be spread extensively through school education and broadcasting medium and education should be gone side by side, and see that will can save emergency patients' life which is more when these education consists continuously fixed period for public institution of policeman, fire officer etc. specially. And for reinforcement of patient transfer system, public organization must procure special ambulance car so that emergency patient receive first aid treatment while transfer.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.64-73
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• 2017

Purpose: Excess sodium intake may contribute to the etiology of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily sodium intake of less than 2 g. The aim of this study was to estimate the association of sodium intake with obesity in Korean adults. Methods: This study used Dietary intake and Health data on 22,321 subjects aged 30 years and over from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2014. Information on dietary intake was obtained by the one day 24-hour recall method in KNHANES, and sodium intake was classified into five groups (< 2,000 mg, 2,000~4,000 mg, 4,000~6,000 mg, 6,000~8,000 mg, ${\geq}8,000mg$). Obesity was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) higher than $25kg/m^2$. Intake of sodium and obesity status were analyzed by logistic regression with SPSS Statistics 23. Results: Men tended to have a higher sodium intake than women (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, year, daily energy intake, education level, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, and chronic diseases and comparing the highest sodium intake group (${\geq}8,000mg$) with the lowest intake group (< 2,000 mg), the OR of obesity was 1.351 (95% CI: 1.032~1.767) in men. The OR of obesity in the sodium intake group (4,000~6,000 mg) was 1.232 (95% CI: 1.063~1.427) in women. Conclusion: Our findings suggest an independent relationship between sodium intake and as increased risk of obesity in Korean adults, implying the necessity for future research on low-sodium diet intervention in relation to obesity.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.90-98
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• 2016

High-rise buildings construction project have various risk factors. Major risk factors are negative results such as time delay and increase of costs. Therefore, this study was analyzed risk factors in construction stages of high-rise buildings using by PROMETHEE technique. For this, this research were identified risk factors through experts Focus Group Interview(FGI). And, PROMETHEE was used to setup evaluation standard for analysis of high-rise building construction risks. Next, the standard of evaluation index calculation was composed by using the definition level in PDRI. Preference function and evaluation index were identified through questionnaires. Through these processes, this study has calculated the importance of high-rise building construction risks using by PROMETHEE technique. As a result, high degree risk factors were as following. These are 'Operation plan of material lifting', 'Outrigger & Belt Truss Construction', 'Foundation work plan of high-rise building' and 'Considering a Structure concept of high-rise building'.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.20
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• pp.163-222
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• 1991

This dissertation are studying the conceptual structure of decision making situation in libraries, by analyzing the library function, decision makings of library and then seeking economic and efficient alternative decision making by programming the· decision making situations, and finally, introducing how to apply management information system or decision making support system. For this purpose, in order to analyzing necessary factors for the decision making system, the questionnaire used Lickert method were distributed to 400 librarians of 36 universities in Seoul by means of mail. 193 librarians, $48\%$ of the questionnaire, are returned are studied by using 'SYSTAT' statistical software to figure out the factors of the decision making system. This dissertation was put six hypotheses and tested with the returned questionnaire. The following five result can be asserted. First, to the higher degree of the librarians' participation in the important library decision makings, the quality of formal library services are improved regardless of seniority of the work. Secondly, the t-test results show that all of t-test scores of seniority of the work, educational background, and responsibilities of the work are exceeding significant level and perception of decision making was proved to be different depending on seniority of the work, educational background, and responsibilities of the work in libraries. Thirdly, as the results of factor af factor analysis, the encouragement on participation in the library academic activities, the extent to get useful information about performances of library and the improvements of library works were grouped by similar posibilities of distribution and therfore the academic activities, the collection of information and the improvement of library performances is proved to be interrelational each other. Fourthly, the fifth hypothesis of the close relationship between the decision making situation and types of advisor by it was more or less interrelational, but their relationship was not seen some significancies. Lastly, as the dynamic organization of library management forming a special commitee or a project team with librarian can improve the extent and quality of the librarian's participation in the decision making of library works, and thus library will become to performance more rational and effective library management.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.175-181
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• 2013

This paper presents a simulation for passenger ship evacuation considering the inclination of a ship. In order to describe a passenger's behavior in an evacuation situation, a passenger is modeled as a rigid body which translates in the horizontal plane and rotates along the vertical axis. The position and rotation angle of a passenger are calculated by solving the dynamic equations of motions at each time step. To calculate inclined angle of damaged ship, static equilibrium equations of damaged ship are derived using "added weight method". Using these equations, physical external forces due to the inclination of a ship act on the body of each passenger. The crowd behavior of the passenger is considered as the flock behavior, a form of collective behavior of a large number of interacting passengers with a common group objective. Passengers can also avoid an obstacle due to penalty forces acting on their body. With the passenger model and forces acting on its body, the test problems in International Maritime Organization, Maritime Safety Committee/Circulation 1238(IMO MSC/Circ.1238) are implemented and the effects of ship's inclination on the evacuation time are confirmed.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.23-36
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• 2010

The focus of this study is to analyze between South Korea and China in terms of diversity in Management Information Systems research. As a result, there is herding phenomenon regarding researches in both of the countries compared to other previous studies. There also seemed to be lack of in-depth study of basic theories and connection to related field of study considering the broad topics of management information, unlike other international journals that pursue diversity in control referencing various methodologies, analysis units and many citations. Therefore, both South Korea and China should stabilize theoretical base of MIS through securing independent field of MIS along with founding the fundamentals by searching in diversified fields, methodologies and analysis units with focused topics. The upshot here is that with respect to diversity in MIS from both countries, to alleviate herding phenomenon, enforcing accuracy of data collection and reducing convenience pursuit should be implemented. Also as criteria to select a topic, different kinds of consulting concepts and taking social issues into consideration that helps tool development and analysis power should be done. Through varied methodologies, tool development and analysis power should be assisted and analysis unit should be shifted to organization unit for Korea and team or individual for China only to augment the accessibility. As a limitation for the paper is that the data used in this analysis is secondary data. In addition, although time period used in both countries were the same, object of analysis had homogeneity in Korean case while Chinese one having heterogeneity from 19 different journals. For the future studies, multicultural comparison or time series analysis and their comparison in deeper approach with regard to object of analysis and methodologies can contribute to further MIS diversity.