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http://dx.doi.org/10.4163/jnh.2017.50.1.64

Relationship of sodium consumption with obesity in Korean adults based on Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2010~2014  

Cheon, Se Young (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
Wang, Hye Won (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
Lee, Hwa Jung (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
Hwang, Kyung Mi (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
Yoon, Hae Seong (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
Kang, Yoon Jung (Nutrition and Functional Food Research Team, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation)
Publication Information
Journal of Nutrition and Health / v.50, no.1, 2017 , pp. 64-73 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose: Excess sodium intake may contribute to the etiology of hypertension and cardiovascular disease risk. World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a daily sodium intake of less than 2 g. The aim of this study was to estimate the association of sodium intake with obesity in Korean adults. Methods: This study used Dietary intake and Health data on 22,321 subjects aged 30 years and over from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2010~2014. Information on dietary intake was obtained by the one day 24-hour recall method in KNHANES, and sodium intake was classified into five groups (< 2,000 mg, 2,000~4,000 mg, 4,000~6,000 mg, 6,000~8,000 mg, ${\geq}8,000mg$). Obesity was defined as having a body mass index (BMI) higher than $25kg/m^2$. Intake of sodium and obesity status were analyzed by logistic regression with SPSS Statistics 23. Results: Men tended to have a higher sodium intake than women (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, year, daily energy intake, education level, smoking status, drinking status, physical activity, and chronic diseases and comparing the highest sodium intake group (${\geq}8,000mg$) with the lowest intake group (< 2,000 mg), the OR of obesity was 1.351 (95% CI: 1.032~1.767) in men. The OR of obesity in the sodium intake group (4,000~6,000 mg) was 1.232 (95% CI: 1.063~1.427) in women. Conclusion: Our findings suggest an independent relationship between sodium intake and as increased risk of obesity in Korean adults, implying the necessity for future research on low-sodium diet intervention in relation to obesity.
Keywords
sodium intake; energy intake; obesity; body mass index;
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