• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.209-215
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• 2011

The objective of this study was to determine whether there are differences in hand muscle activities (APB : abductor pollicis brevis, ED : extensor digitorum, ECU : extensor carpi ulnaris, and EI : extensor indicis) and subjective discomfort according to the three mouse sizes (small, medium, large) and two task types (pointing and scrolling). The mouse size and task type showed significant interaction effects on the total NEMG (p = 0.004) and on the NEMG of the abductor pollicis brevis muscle (p = 0.001). The total NEMG and the NEMG of APB showed the highest value in the 'scrolling' task using the 'small' mouse. However, the NEMG of the EI was different according to the mouse size, and the 'small' mouse showed the lowest value. The subjective discomfort was the lowest in the 'medium' mouse, and all nine subjects preferred the 'medium' size. The hand-size related anthropometric variables showed different correlations according to the task type and mouse size with the NEMGs and subjective discomfort. The results of this study could be used as a basic information for the determination of the proper mouse size according to the hand size.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.55-65
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• 2007

This paper sought to investigate pupil size variability, pupil size parameters in terms of time domain and frequency domain, the autonomic activity change induced by posture change, degree of sleepiness and cognitive task (math task). With a specially designed pupil image acquisition system in the dark room, these three kinds of experiments were performed to induce a dominant state of sympathetic or parasympathetic activation. Electrocardiogram and pupil size were measured in all the experiments. Based on three experiments, we calculated heart rate variability. In the pupil size analysis, we calculated the mean and standard deviation of pupil size (in time domain), and proposed several frequency bands that exhibit different autonomic activation between different sessions. The results indicate that in terms of heart rate variability, posture change exhibited significant differences but not between sleepiness level, or between cognitive task. Pupil sizes differed only during the postures. And we found some frequency bands that correlated with autonomic activation in each experiment. While heart rate variability reflects posture change that need cardiac control, pupil size variability reflects not only posture induced autonomic activation but sleepiness and cognitive load, which is processed in the brain, in time and frequency domain parameter.

• 한국산업정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산업정보학회 2008년도 추계 공동 국제학술대회
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• pp.479-491
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• 2008

A "task network" is a type of social network that consists of experts who exchange professional help and advice regarding executing tasks. In this study, we investigate the task network used within the IS department of a national bank in Korea. We identify how this network moderates the influence of computer-mediated communication (CMC) technology on an individual s task performance. Size, density, and centrality were measured as the characteristics of a personal task networks. Size equates to the total number of colleagues who work with a specific member for a certain project. Density is the ratio of the number of actual relationships to the total number of available relationships. Centrality defines whether an individual s position is in the exact center of whole network, and is measured by betweenness centrality, meaning the position one member holds between others in a network. Our findings conclude that the conditions - the larger the size of the task network, the smaller its density and the higher its level of centrality - lead to more benefits of using CMC media. Further, this positive effect of CMC is more noticeable when it provides synchronicity.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.605-610
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• 2010

In order to design a touch interface for the elderly, human performance of input tasks on the touch screen was investigated by the laboratory experiment. Input times and input errors were measured in the experimental conditions that were changed according to age, key size, interkey space and input tool(finger or stylus pen). In the most of all experimental conditions, the task performance of the elderly was lower than that of the young. However, there were significantly different performance patterns between both groups. As the difficulty of task was getting higher, the task performance of the elderly was sharply decreased; pressing small key button by finger sharply increased input time and error rate, compared to that of the young. Therefore, the square key size suitable to the elderly may be over $8.0{\times}8.0mm$. While the interkey space did not influence to the input task performance of the young, the task performance of the elderly was influenced. The elderly showed big difference of task performance according to input tool. However, the young were less influenced by input tool.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2020

최근 자동차는 관련 기술과 통신 환경의 발달로 차량과 도로 주변 인프라 구조와의 통신, 차량 간 통신이 가능해지고 있다. 자율주행차가 개발되면서 많은 센서와 고성능 연산장치가 탑재되고 있으며 이러한 자동차의 가용자원을 활용하여 클라우드 서비스를 제공하는 연구도 진행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 연결형 자동차로 클라우드 서버를 구성하여 각 차량에 적합한 작업을 분배하는 과정에서 차량의 가용자원뿐만 아니라 기지국과의 통신 환경을 고려하여 동적으로 작업의 크기를 결정하는 기법을 제안하였다. 제안 기법의 모델을 기반으로 시뮬레이션한 결과 가용자원만을 고려하는 것보다는 통신 환경을 함께 고려해서 작업을 할당해야 마감 시간 내에 할당된 작업을 완료할 수 있다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Strategy21
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• 통권39호
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• pp.163-197
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• 2016

The completion of Jeju Naval Base on February 2016 made the Republic of Korea Navy(ROKN) review the size and role of the Maritime Task Flotilla(MTF). The new strategic environment for the 12st century and the new challenges require the Navy to counter North Korea's provocations and prevent potential enemy's threat. The Navy is also required to take part in the variety of international roles and missions commensurated with Korea's global status to maximize the national interest. Despite these changes, Korea's military construction concept is still unable to break away from the old paradigm of the North Korean threat largely centered. In order to develop the current MTF into the Task Group with the construction of Jeju Naval Base, the Navy must newly not only establish new force development plan and fleet management concepts but also go to persuade and convince policy decision makers. To this end, the following efforts should be promoted. First, the ROK Navy steps up efforts in order to share with the Task Group's vision and strategy. The Navy should also provide the size and structure as well as the missions and roles of the Task Group to react to new maritime security environment. Second, the Navy analyse the MTF's ability and what is required and necessary to perform its duty. After that, it must set out the direction of the Task Group's force development. Third, the current missions and roles of the MTF should be re-established to respond various threats. Finally, accommodating of new technology to the MTF should intensify its strengths. The ROK Navy has a mixed force structure consisting of three fixed- base fleets and a MTF. The fixed base fleet has a passive force to defend and protect its own sea areas, but the MTF should actively not only counter North Korea's threats, including ballistic missiles, but also fight potential threats and takes international missions as a primary task force. However, the MTF has a limited capability to accomplish given missions and long-range operations, and thus, the ROK Navy is strongly required to construct the Task Group.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.263-276
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• 2015

Purpose: The study was done to verify the effect size of the variables related to the emotional labor of nurses. Methods: A total of 47 article on variables related to the emotional labor of nurses and published from 2006 to 2014 were used for the meta-analysis. Results: Variables with the largest effect size related to emotional labor were identified as the variables of work task, organization and individual characteristics in descending order of effect size. The sub-factors with the greatest effect size in the work task variable were exhaustion and work commitment, while for organization variables, intention to change jobs had the largest effect size. For individual characteristics, physical symptoms had the largest effect size. Conclusion: The results of this study are meaningful as the first study to integrate research results on variables related to the emotional labor of Korean nurses, providing practical data for the management of emotional labor.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2013

The purposes of this study were (1) to investigate the differences in the level of children's knowledge and reasoning skills due to the sloping phenomenon according to their ages and the types of tasks they were asked to perform, and (2) to investigate whether children's prior knowledge is changed to post knowledge through their reasoning. A total of 120 subjects, forty from each of the age groups 4, 6 and 8 were selected for the study. The major findings are presented below : 8-year old children showed higher levels of prior knowledge than 6-year old children. The prior knowledge level of the "size" task was higher than that of the "weight" task. 6-and 8-year old children showed higher levels of reasoning than 4-year old children. The reasoning level of the "size" task was higher than that of the "weight" task. 6-and 8-year old children showed higher levels of post knowledge than 4-year old children. However, there was no difference in children's post knowledge according to task difference. Through the different types of reasoning involved in the children's performances of the two tasks, changes in the prior knowledge of the sloping phenomenon were observed among all age groups.

• 산업융합연구
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• 제21권12호
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• pp.101-111
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• 2023

본 연구는 국내 경도인지장애 환자의 인지기능을 위한 이중과제 프로그램의 효과를 분석하기 위해 체계적 문헌고찰 및 메타분석을 시행하였다. 8개의 데이터베이스를 사용하여 검색하였으며, 검색어는 경도인지장애, 인지, 이중과제였다. 2013년 1월부터 2023년 7월까지 출간된 문헌 중 무작위 및 비무작위 대조군 실험설계를 분석하였다. 총 682편의 문헌이 검색되어 포함 및 배제 기준을 충족한 8편의 문헌을 최종 분석하였다. 문헌의 질 평가는 RoB와 RoBANS를 사용하였다. 메타분석은 CMA 4.0 ver.을 사용하였다. 분석 결과 이중과제 프로그램의 전체 효과 크기는 중간 효과 크기였다. 결과변수에 따른 효과 크기는 지남력, 실행기능은 큰 효과 크기이며, 전반적 인지기능, 시공간기능, 기억기능, 주의기능은 중간 효과 크기였다. 중재 기간에 따른 분석 결과 적용 기간은 4~8주 적용이 효과가 더 크게 나타났으며, 총 회기에서는 24~30회기 적용의 효과 크기가 더 크게 나타났다. 본 연구는 경도인지장애 환자의 인지기능 증진을 위해 적용된 이중과제 프로그램의 효과 및 적용 방법에 대한 임상적 근거를 제시하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권11호
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• pp.38-52
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• 2018

본 연구는 유아교사의 심리적소진과 관련하여 지난 20여년 간 국내에서 연구된 석 박사 학위논문과 학술지 논문을 중심으로 심리적소진 관련요인들의 효과크기를 메타분석을 통해 검증하였다. 검증결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 유발요인과 억제요인들의 전체효과크기와 요인군, 하부요인, 정적 부적효과요인 모두 유의미한 큰효과크기를 나타냈다. 둘째, 유발요인군은 큰효과크기를 가진 업무상문제요인군이 중간효과크기를 가진 부정적관계요인군 보다 상대적으로 큰 효과크기를 나타냈다. 셋째, 부정적관계요인군의 하부요인 중, 큰효과크기를 가진 원장과의 부정적 관계를 제외한 모든 하부요인이 중간효과크기를 나타냈다. 넷째, 업무상문제요인군의 하부요인은 상대적으로 업무스트레스가 가장 큰 효과크기를 그 다음 역할갈등, 업무과다, 역할모호 순으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 억제요인군 별 효과크기는 상대적으로 회복탄력성요인군이 가장 큰효과크기를 그 다음 조직지원요인군, 교사효능감요인군, 사회적지지요인군, 감정노동요인군 순으로 나타났다. 여섯째, 억제요인군 중 중간효과크기를 보인 감정노동요인군의 내면적, 자연적, 표면적행동요인, 조직지원요인군의 하부요인인 조직지원요인과 교사효능감요인군의 일반교사효능감요인, 사회적지지의요인군의 직장 내 외요인, 사회적지지전체요인을 제외한 모든 요인군이 큰효과크기를 나타냈다. 일곱째, 효과요인에 있어, 직무만족, 우울, 이직의도요인은 모두 큰효과크기를 보인 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 선행된 연구들을 통합적으로 정리하여 객관적 결과를 살피기 위한 수량적 통합을 시도했다는데 의의가 있다.