• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.233-240
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• 2013

Background: A previous history of transfusion has been known to be associated with production of anti-HLA class I antibodies. However, platelet glycoproteins are the main target of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The mechanism of antibody production is known to differ significantly between glycoproteins and anti-HLA class I. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical significance of anti-HLA class I antibodies in childhood ITP. Methods: Enrollment for the normal control group targeted 48 people who visited Gyeongsang National University Hospital from 1990 to 2010, and 48 young children with ITP. Anti-glycoproteins and anti-HLA class I antibodies were tested using the Modified Antigen Capture Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MACE) kit. Results: The positive rate of anti-HLA antibodies was significantly different [36/39 (92.3%) vs 29/46 (63%)] [ITP group vs normal control group] (P=0.002). The mean positive S/C ratio of anti-HLA antibodies was also significantly different (3.55 vs 1.51) [ITP group vs normal control group] (P=0.0000). The positive rate of anti-HLA did not differ significantly between the transfused group and the non-transfused group [12/12 (100%) vs 24/27 (88%)] [transfused ITP vs non-transfused ITP]. The mean positive S/C ratio of anti-HLA antibodies did not differ significantly between the transfused ITP group and the non-transfused ITP group (4.30 vs 3.25) [transfused ITP vs non-transfused ITP]. Consecutive testing showed that positive rate and positive S/C ratio of anti-HLA antibodies did not change significantly between sampling times in both groups [transfused ITP vs non-transfused ITP] (P=1.00 and P=0.15). Conclusion: Anti-HLA class I antibodies may be involved in childhood ITP. Transfusion did not affect the course of childhood ITP.

• The Korean Journal of Blood Transfusion
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2012

Background: Leukocyte reduction filters are widely used to prevent transfusion reactions caused by leukocytes in blood components. Commercial filters are not sufficient for removal of leukocytes for prevention of transfusion associated graft-versus-host disease; therefore, irradiation of blood components was performed using expensive equipment. Techniques using an aptamer substituted for antibody have been developed and are available in clinical areas. The purpose of this study is to develop the aptamer filter system and to evaluate its efficiency and the possibility of its clinical application. Methods: Aptamers targeted to CD45 were selected by the Postech Aptamer Initiative. The aptamer filter in which aptamers attached to beads were bound to leukocytes and removed by magnetic field was developed. Filtration of 14 units of leukoreduction-red blood provided by Korean Red Cross Blood Services was performed using aptamer filters. Leukocyte removal rate and red cell recovery rate were evaluated and bacterial culture was performed. Results: After filtration using the aptamer filters, 45.6% of leukocytes were additionally removed and the red cell recovery rate was 92.8%. No growth in the bacterial culture was observed. Conclusion: In order to apply the cell depletion technique utilizing an aptamer to blood filter system, we developed and evaluated the aptamer filter system. Through improvement of the binding efficiency of the aptamer and the filtering process, and application of the various aptamers for other different cells, we suggest that this technique can be applied in the clinical area, such as a substitution for the irradiation process for TAGVHD prevention.

• Trans-
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• v.9
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• pp.37-66
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• 2020

Entering the 21st century, the flow of society and culture is emerging as a cultural phenomenon in which one experiences, enjoys, and experiences on one's own. This trend has emerged as community dance, which has been active since 2010. Community dances can be targeted by anyone and can be divided into children's, adult and senior citizens' dances depending on the characteristics and age of the group, allowing them to work in various age groups. It also refers to all kinds of dances for the happiness and self-achievement of everyone who can promote gender, race and religion health or meet the needs of expression and improve their physical strength at meetings by age group, from preschoolers to senior citizens. Community dance is a dance activity in which everyone takes advantage of their leisure time and voluntarily participates in joyous activities, making it expandable to lifelong education and social learning. It is a voluntary community gathering conducted by experts for the general public. The definition of community dance can be said to be the aggregate of physical activities that enrich an individual's daily life and enhance their social sense to create a bright society, while individuals achieve the goals of health promotion and aesthetic education. In the contemporary community dance, the dance experience in body and creativity as self-expression reflects the happiness perspective by exploring the positive psychological experience and influence of the participants in the process of participation, and participants have continued networking through online offline to enjoy the dance culture. Although research has been conducted in various fields for 10 years since the boom in community dance began, the actual methodology of the program has been insufficient to present the Feldenkrais Method, hoping that it will be used as a methodology necessary for local community dance, and will be used as part of the educational effects and choreography creation methods of artists that can improve the physical functional aspects of dance and give a sense of psychological stability.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.91-112
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• 2021

This study aimed to explore the influence of family characteristics on the work-life balance of early adolescents. A series of data analyses was conducted on adolescents' use of time in daily life on the basis of 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (KCYPS 2018). We found that the work-life balance of youth is related to their parents' health status, presence of older siblings, household income, parenting attitude, parent-child communication time, and mother's occupation. The work-life balance of the fifth graders is more likely to be influenced by family characteristics compared with that of the eighth graders. In particular, the fifth graders' sleep deprivation is affected by the mother's occupation, but there is no significant effect on the eighth graders' sleep deprivation. An important factor in skipping breakfast is household income, with adolescents from low-income families tending to skip breakfast more than five days a week. In addition, parents' health status and parenting attitude are significantly related to skipping of breakfast in early adolescents. Household income is related to the after-school private tutoring hours of both the fifth and eighth graders; however, parenting attitude and mother's occupation are also significant influencing factors of the fifth graders' after-school study. Mother's occupation is related to excessive cell phone use; specifically, the fifth graders whose mothers work white-collar jobs, sales and services or manufacturing are more likely to play with cell phones more than three hours a day than those whose mothers are full-time housewives. These results suggest that the work-life balance policies targeted at the family characteristics of adolescents can improve family environments in a manner that enhances adolescents' life balance, thus supporting the well-being of early adolescents and their families.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.905-912
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• 2021

In this study, four common food-borne bacteria, namely, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis, were targeted via irradiation with 270 nm UV C-LED, 365 nm UV A-LED, 465~475 and 620~630 nm visible-LED, and 850 and 5,000~7,000 nm infrared-LED light. The effect on the growth of each bacterial species was investigated. In the case of 270 nm UV C-LED, all four strains showed inhibitory effects compared with the control group when irradiated for 10 or 30 min. Furthermore, when irradiated with 365 nm UV A-LED for 1 or 3 hr, B. subtilis showed 100% growth inhibition. When irradiated with 465~475 nm visible-LED for 1 hr, all four strains showed no significant difference from the control group but showed significant growth inhibition when irradiated for 3 hr. S. aureus and B. subtilis treated with 620~630 nm visible-LED; S. typhimurium and S. aureus treated with 850 nm infrared-LED; and E. coli, S. typhimurium, and S. aureus treated with 5,000~7,000 nm infrared-LED were confirmed to significantly proliferate compared with the control group. The results of this experiment show the potential of the use of various LED light sources as a food preservation and application technology by examining their effect on the inhibition and growth of food-borne bacteria and by grasping the characteristics of each wavelength.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.153-161
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• 2021

Backgrounds: This study was performed to analyze the main key words of newspaper articles related to COVID-19 in 2020 for each category of quarantine measures according to the epidemic period of COVID-19. Methods: We analyzed articles related to COVID-19 in three major newspapers of Korea between February 17 and December 31, 2020. We targeted the front page articles on mondays and thursdays. The analysis of the relationship between the two variables was confirmed through the chi-square test. Results: As a result of analyzing the main key words for each category of quarantine measures, non-pharmaceutical intervention were the most common at 54.3%, followed by 3Ts(test, tracing, treatment and vaccine) at 31.9%. In the category of non-pharmaceutical intervention, social distancing was the most common at 33.9%. In the categories such as 3Ts(test, tracing, treatment) and vaccine, diagnostic tests were the most common at 41.8%. Conclusions: It was identified that non-pharmaceutical intervention were the most common, and there was a difference in the reporting of main key words by category of quarantine measures for each epidemic period related to COVID-19 in 2020.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.240-255
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• 2016

In many cities in the East and West during the modern period, historical resources were perceived as obstacles to urban development and were treated as deficiencies calling for development. Korea underwent a process of drastic urbanization and industrialization almost unprecedented in modern history. In this process of turmoil, cities expanded rapidly and went through a series of changes. City development followed a repeated cycle in which resources were concentrated in the city area, which, in turn, led to further development. However, such method of development is reaching its limits. In order to make a city desirable for living, it is crucial to make an effort to build a sustainable city environment where life and history coexist harmoniously. It is now time to consider how to carry forth sustainable development in the city where the past, present, and future coexist. If so, how will the future of our cities look and the form of housing change? To answer this question, we examined Urban Hanok Residential Areas and Hanyangdoseong neighborhood village, which went through rapid changes in the modern period. The Hanok, which was a commonplace sight in the past, has been perceived as an underdeveloped form of housing, easily targeted for redevelopment only a few years ago; so was the case with Hanyangdoseong neighborhood village. Yet now these are being revalued as sustainable housing areas able to coexist with the history of the city. That is, through restoration, their potential of contributing to the history and identity of the city is gaining recognition. In this regard, it holds great implications for us to look at the changes that traditional Korean housing areas and castle villages have undergone.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.710-718
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• 2021

Placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs) are promising candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine. The migration and homing potential of PD-MSCs to injured sites is a critical property of MSC engraftment. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have recently been shown to regulate the critical functions of MSCs, such as proliferation, survival, and migration. The objective of the present study was to identify the miRNA and target genes involved in PD-MSCs homing in a bile duct ligation (BDL) rat model. We selected candidate miRNAs targeting genes for PD-MSCs homing based on microarray analysis. PD-MSC engraftment in BDL-injured rat liver was identified by immunofluorescence assay and human-specific Alu gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) one week after transplantation. Compared with migrated naïve PD-MSCs under hypoxic and normoxic conditions (Hyp/Nor), the transplanted group with PD-MSCs (Tx) showed distinct differences in miRNA expressions in BDL-injured rat liver. We also validated the miRNAs and their target genes for PD-MSCs homing. The expressions of integrin α4 (ITGA4) and integrin α5 (ITGA5) target genes for miR-199a-5p and miR-148a-3p were significantly upregulated in the Tx group (p<0.05). In addition, integrin β1 (ITGB1) and integrin β8 (ITGB8) were upregulated by suppressing miR-183-5p and miR-145-5p, respectively. These results demonstrated that PD-MSCs regulate miRNA expression related to the integrin family for their homing effects on the BDL-injured rat liver. The findings further suggest that miRNA-mediated regulation of the integrin family contributes to the therapeutic efficacy of PD-MSCs in the rat hepatic fibrosis model by BDL.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.225-236
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• 2021

The master plan for the Four Rivers Restoration Project (June 2009) was devised, the procedure of pre-environmental review (June 2009) and environmental impact assessment (Nov. 2009), and post-environmental impact survey were implemented, and 4 times audits also inspected. and finally the Ministry of Environment's Four Rivers Investigation and Evaluation Planning Committee proposed the dismantling or partial dismantling of the five weirs of the Geum River and Yeongsan River. But controversies and conflicts are still ongoing. Therefore, this study intend to reestablish the management plan for the four major rivers by reviewing and analyzing the process so far. The results are as follows. First, a cost-benefit analysis should be performed by comparing the water quality impact of weir operation and weir opening. Therefore, it is inevitably difficult to conduct cost-benefit analysis. Second, according to the results of cost-benefit analysis on the dismantling of the Geum River and the Yeongsan River, the dismantling of the weir and the regular sluice gate opening was decided. However, there is a problem in the validity of the decision to dismantle the weir because the cost-benefit analysis for maintaining the weir is not carried out. Third, looking at the change in water quality of 16 weirs before and after the Four Major Rivers Restoration Project, COD and Chl-a were generally deteriorated, and BOD, SS, T-N, and T-P improved. However, in the cost-benefit analysis related to water quality at the time of weir dismantling, only COD items were targeted. Therefore, the cost of BOD, SS, T-N, and T-P items improved after the project were not reflected in the cost-benefit analysis of dismantling weirs, so the water quality benefits were exaggerated. Fourth, in the case of Gongju weir and Juksan weir, most of them are movable weirs, so opening the weir alone can have the same effect as dismantling when the water quality deteriorates. Since the same effect can be expected, there is little need to dismantle the weirs. Fifth, in order to respond to frequent droughts and floods, it is desirable to secure the agricultural water supply capacity to the drought areas upstream of the four majorrivers by constructing a waterway connected to the weir. At present it is necessary to keep weirs rather than dismantling them.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.43
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• pp.7-31
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• 2011

Danjong had suffered the worst misfortune in the history of Lee Dynasty. His throne was usurped by Sejo, his uncle and he was banished to Youngwol where he ended his life for good. Youngwol remembers the last moment of this tragic person clearly through the various traditional stories passed down from the past. In this study, the works assumed to be formed in the contemporary times among Danjong-related stories were targeted. Time of story creation is not known but it could be assumed that the time when heroine of the story was lived may be coincided with the time of traditional story creation, in this story created in a form of experience story. If any objects or elements that may lead to time of traditional story are contained in the story, we may be able to identify the time of traditional story. All of , and were created in the contemporary times. However, these traditional stories are not new at all. If any personal experience story is added on the existing transmitted traditional story, deviation of traditional story near to recreation is taken place. Traditional Danjong story created like this in the contemporary times have some characteristics. First, transmission power of maintaining Danjong story up to the present times was expanded from a nature of misfortune and holiness to general eccentricity. Ability of deity derived from Danjong's grief and grudge is weakened as time goes by and this story is substituted by an amazing things that can be experienced by anybody. Second, at present, Danjong story is transformed to a form of folktale. Danjong story has developed into a myth through deification from a personal legend. This myth is transformed into a folktale everybody can experience in the contemporary times. Third, this story has been recreated in a form of experience story, not a modification. It is said that as the personal experience story is combined with existing traditional stories, a new work of traditional story is created. It could be observed that through contemporary Danjong story, traditional story of historical person could be created in the contemporary times as well and additionally, a process that personal experience story is positioned as a traditional story could be observed. Now is the time to pay attention to various traditional stories being created in the contemporary times like experience stories.