• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.195-203
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• 2020

Purpose: This study was a descriptive study to investigate on the effect of calling, self-efficacy, workplace bullying on retention intention among nurses in small and medium-sized hospitals. Methods: The research subjects were 224 nurses selected through convenient sampling from among those who have worked six months or longer in seven small and medium-sized hospitals located in G City. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire from July 17 to 30, 2018. The data was analyzed by descriptive statics, a t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and a stepwise multiple regression using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. As a measuring tool, Calling was the Calling & Vocational Questionnaire (CVQ) developed by Dik, Eldrige and Steger (2008). Self-efficacy was developed by Sherer et al. (1982) and modified by Jeong Ae-soon (2007). Workplace bullying was developed by Einarsen, Raknes and Matthiesen (1994) in the Norwegian Negative Behavioral Experience Questionnaire (NAQ), and by Nam Woong et al. (2010). The retention intention was to use NRI (Nurses' Retention Index) developed by Cowin (2002) as a tool for Kim Min-jung (2006). Results: Factors affecting nurses' retention were analyzed. The analysis showed that retention intention was positively affected by self-efficacy (β=.24, p<.001), sense of calling (β=.23, p<.001) and annual wage (β=.21, p=.001) and negatively affected by workplace bullying (β=-.16, p=.008) on a statistically significant level, with an explanatory power of 28.6%.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.425-433
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• 2022

This purpose of this study was to survey state-anxiety, depression and resilience in female high school students and to identify factors influencing resilience. Data were collected 177 female high school students. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, t-test, Scheffe's test, Stepwise Regression Analysis, Pearson's correlation coefficient. The mean score of state-anxiety was 39.56±11.37. There was statistically significant difference in state-anxiety on variable such as academic achievement, satisfaction of school life, parental rearing attitudes, satisfaction of family life. The mean score of depression was 7.53±8.52. There were statistically significant difference in depression on variables such as relationship with school fellow, satisfaction of school life, parental rearing attitudes, satisfaction of family life. The mean score of resilience was 98.36±17.76. There was statistically significant difference in resilience on variables such as academic achievement, parental rearing attitudes, Resilience was negatively correlated with state-anxiety. Resilience was negatively correlated with depression. Self-esteem was positively correlated with depression. Factor influencing resilience were state-anxiety, high academic achievement, which explained 49.6%. Findings provide useful information for further studies in female high school students. Further research with careful sampling will be needed to enhance the resilience of male and female high school students,

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.85-94
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• 2022

Purpose : This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise on body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin. Methods : The study was conducted on 24 elderly women divided into two groups: 12 subjects in an exercise group and 12 subjects in a control group. Resistance exercise was performed for 50 minutes a day, three times a week, for the duration of 12 weeks, and body composition, physical strength, blood lipids, and insulin were measured before and after the subjects completed the program. For the statistical analysis, the mean and standard deviation (M±SD) of each variable were calculated using SPSS version 20, and a paired t-test and two-way repeated ANOVA were conducted to test for the differences before and after the resistance exercise. All significant levels were set to α=.05 as a result of the experiment. Results : Changes in body composition after the 12-week resistance exercise program did not show any significant difference based on the comparison between the groups, but when noting the values for body fat percentage and body in the control group before and after, a significant difference was shown in fat mass (p<.05). As for changes in physical fitness, significant differences appeared in flexibility, muscle strength, and stenotic force (p<.01) when the groups were compared. Regarding pre- and post-values within each group concerning flexibility within the exercise group, significant differences were shown in gender (p<.001), muscle strength (p<.05), (p<.01), muscle earth strength, equilibrium (p<.01), stenosis force, and cardiopulmonary earth force (p<.001). Also, comparisons between populations in changes in blood lipids the values before and after in each group, significant differences in glucose (p<.05) and insulin (p<.05) were shown in the exercise group. When comparing the values before and after in each population, a significant difference was shown in the control group (p<.05). Conclusion : When all the results were integrated, the 12-week resistance exercise program was found to enhance physical strength (flexibility, muscle strength, and coordination) and improve the blood sugar levels of elderly women. In particular, resistance exercise is believed to lower the prevalence of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic diseases by having a positive effect on insulin. Further studies are suggested to verify the effect on body composition and blood lipids by setting up a variety of exercise treatment methods (including subjects, exercise periods, exercise plans, and exercise intensity focuses).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.363-373
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• 2023

This purpose of this study was to survey sense of self-control, social support and daily stress in female highschool students and to identify variables influencing daily stress. Data were collected 164 female highschool students. Data were handled statistics using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Stepwise Regression Analysis. The mean score of sense of self-control was 20.47±3.86. There was statistically significant difference in sense of self-control on factor such as satisfaction of school life. The mean score of social support was 105.88±19.63. There were statistically significant difference in social support on variables such as satisfaction of school life, parental rearing attitudes. The mean score of daily stress was 58.96±17.33. There was statistically significant difference in daily stress on factors such as relationship with school fellow, satisfaction of school life and parental rearing attitudes. Daily stress was negatively correlated with sense of self-control and social support. Sense of self-control was positively correlated with social support. Factor influencing daily stress were social support, sense of self-control, which explained 45%. Further study with careful sampling will be needed to reduce the daily stress of highschool students.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.115-126
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• 2023

Purpose : This study sought to determine the influence of nursing students' self-leadership, empathic ability, and depression on their interpersonal skills. Methods : This study applied a descriptive survey research design involving a self-report questionnaire. The participants were 315 nursing students in B city. Data were collected from April 27 to May 6, 2022. The data were analyzed using the percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple regression with IBM SPSS/WIN 23.0 program. Results : The participants' self-leadership score was 3.63±.65, their empathic ability score was 3.35±.40, their depression score was .84±.50, and their interpersonal skills score was 3.64±.80. Among the sub-categories, others' temperament scored the highest at 3.70±.86, followed by communication at 3.67±.86 and promoting relationships at 3.53±.86. Interpersonal skills were positively correlated with both self-leadership (r=.48, p<.001) and empathic ability (r=.33, p<.001). Self-leadership was positively correlated with empathic ability (r=.17, p<.05), but, negatively correlated with depression (r=.27, p<.001). The multiple regression analysis revealed, that the factors with the most significant effect on promoting relationships were, in descending order, self-leadership (β=.49, p<.001), empathic ability (β=.19, p<.001), and gender (β=.10, p=.033); the factors affecting others' temperament were, in descending order, self-leadership (β=.37, p<.001), empathic ability (β=.30, p<.001), severe depression (β=.14, p=.008), gender (β=.13, p=.010), and grade (β=-.13, p=.037); while the factors affecting communication were, in descending order, self-leadership (β=.41, p<.001), empathic ability (β=.23, p<.001), and gender (β=.11, p=.035). Moreover, the explanatory power of promoting relationships scored the highest at 31 %, followed by others' temperament at 27 % and communication at 26 %. Conclusion : The results of this study reveal the factors that influence the interpersonal skills of nursing students. To increase the interpersonal skills of nursing students, it is necessary to develop and apply regular curricula and programs designed to strengthen their self-leadership and empathic ability and to reduce their depression through reflecting differences between genders and grades.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.199-206
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• 2019

This study aims to identify whether the action-observation training impacts on the improvement of stroke patient's cognitive functioning. When it comes to the research methods, Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE-K) and Literacy Independent Cognitive Assessment (LICA) conducted to assess samples between 23 April and 18 May 2018. Samples are seven patients who are hospitalized in Kyung-In region. In the meantime, seven tasks such as the range of joint motion (ROM) dance, arrangement of pullover clothes, lacing-ups of a pair, folding up a facecloth and socks, the origami and tying a necktie implemented as the action-observation programme. In order to analyse collected data, descriptive statistics analysis, paired t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were carried out via SPSS version 20 (a statistics programme). The change in value from MMSE-K showed its statistical significant as 3.29 (±1.38, p<.001) as well as value from LICA in recollective powers was 12.16 (±6.73), therefore, the statistic is said to be statistically significant. In conclusion, action-observation training most influenced recollective powers amongst stroke patient's cognitive functioning areas. Even though development of cognitive functioning discovered in other areas, its values were possibly statistically insignificant. Hence, future research ought to demonstrate which areas action-observation training is effective according to brain lesion site.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.459-469
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• 2022

This study aims to provide basic data for the development of teaching methods to improve the performance confidence of performing core basic nursing skills in nursing students while availing of online education owing to COVID-19. Data were collected from 146 students in the Department of Nursing at N University located in C city. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, difference, correlation analysis, and multiple regression by using SPSS 23.0 program.. The subjects' performance confidence of core basic nursing skills was dependent on self-directed learning readiness (r=.368, p<.001), intrinsic goal motivation (r=.232, p=.005), extrinsic goal motivation (r=.344, p<.001), task value (r=.237, p=<.001), control of learning beliefs (r=.262, p=<.001), and self-efficacy for learning and performance (r=.443), p<.001) with a significant positive correlation. The results indicate that the factors influencing the subjects' performance confidence of core basic nursing skills were the 4th grade (β=0.413, p<.001), extrinsic goal motivation (β=0.307, p<.001), and self-efficacy for learning and performance (β=0.316, p=.005), and the explanatory power was 35.8% (F=8.354, p<.001). The research results showed that it is necessary to develop and apply various online-centered teaching and learning methods to increase the extrinsic goal motivation and self-efficacy for learning and performance of nursing students to enhance their performance confidence of core basic nursing skills. This will serve as a basis for preparing effective online centered nursing education strategies to improve performance confidence of core basic nursing skills.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.9-18
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• 2023

The rapid detection of bacteria in the oral cavity, its species identification, and bacterial count determination are important to diagnose oral diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria. The existing clinical microbial diagnosis methods are time-consuming as they involve observing patients' samples under a microscope or culturing and confirming bacteria using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) kits, making the process complex. Therefore, it is required to analyze the development status of substances and systems that can rapidly detect and analyze pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. With research advancements, a close relationship between oral and systemic diseases has been identified, making it crucial to identify the changes in the oral cavity bacterial composition. Additionally, an early and accurate diagnosis is essential for better prognosis in periodontal disease. However, most periodontal disease-causing pathogens are anaerobic bacteria, which are difficult to identify using conventional bacterial culture methods. Further, the existing PCR method takes a long time to detect and involves complicated stages. Therefore, to address these challenges, the concept of point-of-care (PoC) has emerged, leading to the study and implementation of various chair-side test methods. This study aims to investigate the different PoC diagnostic methods introduced thus far for identifying pathogenic microorganisms in the oral cavity. These are classified into three categories: 1) microbiological tests, 2) microchemical tests, and 3) genetic tests. The microbiological tests are used to determine the presence or absence of representative causative bacteria of periodontal diseases, such as A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and T. denticola. However, the quantitative analysis remains impossible, and detecting pathogens other than the specific ones is challenging. The microchemical tests determine the activity of inflammation or disease by measuring the levels of biomarkers present in the oral cavity. Although this diagnostic method is based on increase in the specific biomarkers proportional to inflammation or disease progression in the oral cavity, its commercialization is limited due to low sensitivity and specificity. The genetic tests are based on the concept that differences in disease vulnerability and treatment response are caused by the patient's DNA predisposition. Specifically, the IL-1 gene is used in such tests. PoC diagnostic methods developed to date serve as supplementary diagnostic methods and tools for patient education, in addition to existing diagnostic methods, although they have limitations in diagnosing oral diseases alone. Research on various PoC test methods that can analyze and manage the oral cavity bacterial composition is expected to become more active, aligning with the shift from treatment-oriented to prevention-oriented approaches in healthcare.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.118-131
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to provide essential data for the development of a prenatal healthcare intervention program tailored to Vietnamese migrant women. This study assessed the knowledge and the practice of prenatal health management, and the levels of depression among Vietnamese women of childbearing age residing in Korea and Vietnam. Methods: Using a descriptive research design, a structured questionnaire was administered to Vietnamese women of childbearing age, with 113 participants residing in Korea and 196 participants residing in Vietnam. Data was collected from Februay to April 2021. Data was analyzed using t-test and chi-square test. Result: The analysis of knowledge regarding prenatal health management revealed significant differences between married women in both locations, with higher knowledge scores. Regarding prenatal health management practices, no significant differences were found based on marital status or place of residence. Particularly in the item "Will receive regular prenatal check-ups at the hospital." married Vietnamese women in Vietnam had lower scores than unmarried women, and rural women had lower scores than urban women. The lowest score was observed among Korean-residing women in the item "Will seek pregnancy and childbirth information." Regarding depression, married women in Vietnam and women living in rural areas demonstrated significantly higher depression scores. Conclusion: When designing perinatal management interventions for Vietnamese immigrant women, special attention should be given to those originating from rural areas in Vietnam. It is recommended to incorporate the importance of perinatal healthcare and factors related to mental well-being into the intervention program.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.473-480
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• 2006

The purpose of this study were to investigate middle and high school students' food habits and food attitudes, and to assess student's nutrient consumption. A self-administered questionnaire was developed based on review of literature. The questionnaire consisted of three sections (food habits, food attitudes, and food consumption). The questionnaires were distributed to 4,050 students enrolled in 34 middle and high schools located in Seoul, Gyeonggi, and Gyeongnam provinces. A final response rate was 88.2% (3,570) excluding responses that had significant missing data. Data of the food habits and food attitudes were analyzed with descriptive analysis, $x^2$-test, and t-test using SPSS WIN(ver.11.0). The student's self-reported food consumption data was converted into nutrient consumption using conversion factor. Many middle and high school students skipped breakfast and/or dinner. Approximately 29% of the students did not eat vegetables and fruits. Scores of the middle school student's attitudes(19.1) towards foods were significantly higher than those of the high school student's attitudes(18.7)(p<.001). Student's nutrient intakes were estimated according to the student's self-reported food consumption data. The nutrient intakes were compared with DRIs(Dietary Reference Intakes: DRIs) for their age groups. The result of EAR(Estimated Average Requirement: EAR) cut-point method demonstrated 57.7% of middle school boys, 64.4% of middle school girls, 70.2% of high school boys, and 71.0% of high school girls did not meet EAR for Calcium. Additionally, it showed that 39.0% of middle school boys, 23.7% of middle school girls, 58.4% of high school boys, and 24.4% of high school girls did not consume EAR for Vitamin $B_1$. 25.7% of middle school boys did not meet EAR for Vitamin $B_2$, while 44.4% high school boys did not satisfy EAR for Vitamin $B_2$.