• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.24
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• pp.289-332
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• 1993

In china, six bibliographies of offical historical books are evaluated at the most important things among the systematically-editing bibliographies. These bibliographies would be usful to study the orign of classical sciences and their development, bibliographic research of Chinese classics, bibliographic judgement on genuine books, titles, authors, volumes. They could be refered to research into graving, correcting, and existence of ancient books. therefore, these bibliographies would be applied to estimation the phase of scientific and cultural development. The study of these bibliographies has been not yet made in Korea. This thesis lays its importance on the background of their appearance, their classification norms, organizing system of their catalogue, and comparison between their difference. 1. Editing and compiling of Chilyak (칠약) by Liu Chin (유흠) and official histories played an important role of entering an apperance of historical book's bibliographies. Chilyak has been lost. However, its classification and compiling system of classical books would be traced by Hansoyemunji(한서예문지) of which basic system is similar to Chilyak. It classified books according to their scientific characteristic. If a few books didn't have their own categories, they were combined by the circles parallel to the books' characteristic. With the books classified under the same scientific characteristic, they were again divided into the scientific schools or structures. It also arranged the same kinds of books according to the chronology. The some books wi th duplicate subjects were classified multiplely by their duplicate subject. 2. Ssu-ma Chon's (사마천) The Historical Records (Saki, 사기) and Pan Ku's (반고) The History of the Former Han Dynasty (Hanso, 한서) has also took effects on appearance of historical books' bibliographies. Covering overall history, Saki was structured by the five parts: The basic annals(본기), the chronological tables (표), the documents (서), the hereditary houses (세가), biographies (열전). The basic annals dealt with kings and courts' affairs according to the chronology. The chronological tables was the records of the annals. The documents described overall the social and cultural systems. The hereditary houses recorded courts' meritorious officials and public figures. The biographies showed exemplars of seventy peoples selected by their social status. Pan Ku(반구)'s The History of the Former Han Dynasty(한서) deserved to be called the prototype for the offical histories after Saki's (사기; The Historical Records) apperance. Although it modelled on Saki, it had set up its own cataloguing system. It was organized by four parts; the basic annals (본기), the chronological tables (표), treatises(지), biographies (열전). The documents in the Hanso(한서) was converted into treatises(지). The hereditary houses and biographies were merged. For the first time, the treatise with The Yemunji could operate function for historical bibliographies. 3. There were six historical bibliographies: Hansoyemunji(한서예문지), Susokyongjeokji (수서경적지), Kudangsokyongjeokji(구당서경적지), Shindangsoyemunji (신당서예문지), Songsayemunji (송사예문지), Myongsayemunji (명사예문지). 1) Modelling on Liu Chin's Chilyak except Chipryak(집략), Hansoyemunji divided the characteristic of the books and documents into six parts: Yukrye(육예), Cheja(제자), Shibu(시부), Pyongsoh(병서), Susul(수술), Pangki(방기). Under six parts, there were thirty eight orders in Hansoyemunji. To its own classification, Hansoyemunji applied the Chilyak's theory of classification that the books or documents were managed according to characteristic of sciences, the difference of schools, the organization of sentences. However the overlapped subjects were deleted and unified into one. The books included into an unsuitable subject were corrected and converted into another. The Hansoyemunji consisted of main preface (Taesoh 대서), minor preface (Sosoh 소서) , the general preface (Chongso 총서). It also recorded the introduction of books and documents, the origin of sciences, the outline of subjects, and the establishment of orders. The books classified by the subject had title, author, and volumes. They were rearranged by titles and the chronological publication year. Sometimes author was the first access point to catalogue the books. If it was necessary for the books to take footnotes, detail notes were formed. The Volume number written consecutively to order and subject could clarify the quantity of books. 2) Refering to Classfication System by Seven Norms (칠분법) and Classification System by Four Norms(사분법), Susokyongjeokji(수서경적지) had accomplished the classification by four norms. In fact, its classification largely imitated Wanhyosoh(완효서)'s Chilrok(칠록), Susokyongjeokji's system of classification consisted of four parts-Kyung(경), Sa(사), Cha(자), Chip(칩). The four parts were divided into 40 orders. Its appendix was again divided into two parts, Buddihism and Taiosm. Under the two parts there were fifteen orders. Totally Susokyongjeokji was made of six parts and fifty five orders. In comparison with Hansoyemunji(한서예문지), it clearly showed the conception of Kyung, Sa, Cha, Chip. Especially it deserved to be paid attention that Hansoyemunji laied history off Chunchu(춘추) and removed history to Sabu(사부). However Chabu(사부) put many contrary subjects such as Cheja(제자), Kiye(기예), Sulsu(술수), Sosol(소설) into the same boundary, which committed errors insufficient theoretical basis. Anothor demerit of Susokyongjeokji was that it dealt with Taiosm scriptures and Buddism scriptures at the appendix because they were considered as quasi-religion. Its compilation of bibliographical facts consisted of main preface(Taesoh 대서), minor preface(Sosoh 소서), general preface (Chongsoh 총서), postscript (Husoh 후서). Its bibliological facts mainly focused on the titles. Its recorded authors' birth date and their position. It wrote the lost and existence of books consecutive to total number of books, which revealed total of the lost books in Su Dynasty. 3) Modelling on the basis of Kokumsorok(고분서록) and Naewaekyongrok(내외경록), Kudangsokyongjeokji(구당서경적지) had four parts and fourty five orders. It was estimated as the important role of establishing basic frame of classification by four norms in classification theory's history. However it had also its own limit. Editing and compling orders of Kudangsokyongjeokji had been not progressively changed. Its orders imitated by and large Susokyongjeokji. In Its system of organizing catalogue, with its minor preface and general preface deleting, Kudangsokyongjeokji by titles after orders sometimes broke out confusion because of unclear boundaries between orders. 4) Shindangsoyemunji(신당서예문지), adding 28,469 books to Kudangsokyongjeokji, recorded 82,384 books which were divided by four parts and fourty four orders. In comparison with Kudangkyongjeokj, Sindangsoyemunji corrected unclear order's norm. It merged the analogical norms four orders (for instance, Kohun 고훈 and Sohakryu 소학류) and seperated the different norms four orders (for example, Hyokyong 효경 and Noneuhryu 논어류, Chamwi 참위 and Kyonghaeryu 경해류, Pyonryon 편년 and Wisaryu 위사류). Recording kings' behaviors and speeches (Kikochuryu 기거주류) in the historical parts induced the concept of specfication category. For the first time, part of Chipbu (집부) set up the order of classification norm for historical and literatural books and documents (Munsaryu 문사류). Its editing and compiling had been more simplified than Kudangsokyongjeokji. Introduction was written at first part of bibliographies. Appendants except bibliographic items such subject, author, title, volume number, total were omitted. 5) Songsayemunji(송사예문지) were edited in the basis of combining Puksong(북송) and Namsong(남송), depending on Sabukuksayemunji(사부국사예문지). Generally Songsayemunji had lost a lot of bibliographical facts of many books. They were duplicated and wrongly classified books because it committed an error of the incorrectly annalistic editing. Particularly Namsong showed more open these defaults. Songsayemunji didin't include the books published since the king Youngchong(영종). Its system of classification was more better controlled. Chamwiryu(참위류) in the part of Kyongbu(경부) was omitted. In the part of history(Sabu 사부), recordings of kings' behaviors and speeches more merged in the annals. Historical abstract documents (Sachoryu 사초류) were seperately arranged. In the part of Chabu(자부), Myongdangkyongmaekryu(명당경맥류) and Euisulryu(의술류) were combined. Ohangryu(오행류) were laied off Shikuryu(시구류). In the part of Chipbu(집부), historical and literatural books (Munsaryu 문사류) were independentely arranged. There were the renamed orders; from Wisa(위사) to Paesa(패사), Chapsa (잡사) to Pyolsa(열사), Chapchonki(잡전기) to Chonki(전기), Ryusoh(류서) to Ryusa(류서). Introduction had only main preface. The books of each subject catalogued by title, the volume number, and author and arranged mainly by authors. Annotations were written consecutively after title and the volume number. In the afternote the number of not-treated books were revealed. Difference from Singdangsohyemunji(신당서예문지) were that the concept and boundary of orders became more clearer. It also wrote the number of books consecutive to main subject. 6) Modelling on Chonkyongdangsomok (경당서목), Myongsayemunji(명사예문지) was compiled in the basis of books and documents published in the Ming Danasty. In classification system, Myongsayemunji partly merged and the seperated some orders for it. It also deleted and renamed some of orders. In case of necessity, combining of orders' norm was occured particulary in the part of Sabu(사부) and Chabu(자부). Therefore these merging of orders norm didn't offer sufficient theretical background. For example, such demerits were seen in the case that historical books edited by annals were combined with offical historical ones which were differently compiled and edited from the former. In the part of Chabu(자부), it broke out another confusion that Pubga(법가), Meongga(명가), Mukga(묵가), Chonghweongka's(종횡가) thoughts were classified in the Chapka(잡가). Scriptures of Taiosim and Buddhism were seperated from each other. There were some deleted books such as Mokrokryu(목록류), Paesaryu(패사류) in the part of history (Sabu 사부) and Chosaryu(초사류) in the part of Chipbu(집부). The some in the each orders had been renamed. Imitating compiling system of Songsayemunji(송사예문지), with reffering to its differ-ence, Myongsayemunji(명사예문지) wrote the review and the change of the books by author. The number of not-treated books didn't appear at the total. It also deleted the total following main subject.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.10
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• pp.2337-2342
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• 2010

There is a vast field of application for RFID(Radio Frequency IDentification) technology. In the case of hospitals, RFID can be used for organizing patient data. Generally, patient data has been handled with medical cards. In order to look up data about a patient, the medical card would have to be found first, within a lot of other medical cards, by hand or with a computer. This is a very inconvenient system. Also, if the card is searched by the name of the patient, fatal medical accidents may occur in cases of mix-ups. If remote RFID Tag monitoring systems are applied in this case, the patient data would be accessible in the hospital. This article will discuss the grafting of RFID systems and wireless data communicating technology. The EM4095 chip, which uses 125KHz carrier waves was used in this study. And a Bluetooth module was added for wireless data communication. The ATMEGA128 microcomputer was used to control the RFID system and wireless module. A LCD monitor was connected to the extension port for nurses to view patient data, and also, the same information was displayed on PC monitors for doctors to see. The circuit was designed to consume minimal amounts of electricity for portability, and to transmit Tag ID's in environments with a lot of noise. The article is concluded with a diagram of the whole system, and performance of each data transmitting section has been analyzed.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

As we are turnning into the aged society, accidents by falling down are increasing in the aged people's group. In this paper, we design the system with the 3-Axis acceleration sensor which is composed by a single chip. The body activity signal is measured with the signal detector and RF communicator in this proposed system and the and falling by the entering signal pattern analysis with 3-Axis acceleration sensor. For the RF communication, we are using nRF24L01p and 8bits ATmega uC for the processor. The error of energy expenditure estimation between motor driven treadmill and proposed a body activity module was 7.8% respectively. Human activities and falling is monitored according to analyze and judge the critical value of the Signal Vector. as falled down if they don't turn off the alarm after specific period and the aged person's after falling down activities are their position and more.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12B
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• pp.1452-1458
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• 2009

In this paper, Our proposed Multipurpose Complex Card UHF band RFID small-size Tag antenna. Multi purpose Complex Card UHF band RFID small-size Tag antenna that is to minimize the low efficiency of RFID Tag Read Range that generates space limitation and a conductor surrounded by inducing fingerpring system with dual(HF, UHF) Card is presented. Our proposed UHF band RFID small-size Tag antenna is for the Multipurpose Complex Card that is mounted on the fingerpring system as well as the HF Tag. It also enables to minimize and facilitates Tag chip matching by adjusting Tapered, Meander line and Loop structure. Given the card substance properties and periphery circuit, the proposed small-size Tag antenna, in this report, is designed with PET film with size of $50{\times}15mm^2$. The RFID small-size Tag method for measurements is used by EPCglobal Static Test instrument in Anechoic Chamber, which is tested with dual Card, within the car and in wallet. It is found that Read Range is 3.8m from the EPCglobal Static Test, Maximum Read Range within the car from the field test results in 7.6m. Proposed Tag antenna is will be used in the parking control security system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.42 no.11
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• pp.9-16
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• 2005

This paper proposes a programmable PLL (phase locked loop) based clock generator supporting a wide-range-frequency input and output for high performance and low power SoC with multiple clock frequencies domains. The propose system reduces the locking time and obtains a wide range operation frequency by using a dual-charge pumps scheme. For low power operation of a chip, the locking processing circuits of the proposed PLL doesn't be working in the standby mode but the locking data are retained by the DAC. Also, a tracking ADC is designed for the fast relocking operation after stand-by mode exit. The programmable output frequency selection's circuit are designed for supporting a optimized DFS operation according to job tasks. The proposed PLL-based clock system has a relock time range of $0.85{\mu}sec{\sim}1.3{\mu}sec$($24\~26$cycle) with 2.3V power supply, which is fabricated on $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS Process. At power-down mode, PLL power saves more than $95\%$ of locking mode. Also, the PLL using programmable divider has a wide locking range ($81MHz\~556MHz$) for various clock domains on a multiple IPs system.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.55-62
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• 2004

In this paper, we have developed a portable acceleration measurement system to measure acceleration signals during walking and a gait analysis algorithm which can evaluate gait regularity and symmetry and estimate gait parameters automatically. Portable acceleration measurement system consists of a biaxial accelerometer, amplifiers, lowpass filter with cut-off frequency of 16Hz, one-chip microcontroller, EEPROM and RF(TX/RX) module. The algerian includes FFT analysis, filter processing and detection of main peaks. In order to develop the algorithm, eight hemiplegic patients for training set and the other eight hemiplegic patients for test set are participated in the experiment. Acceleration signals during 10m walking were measured at 60 samples/sec from a biaxial accelerometer mounted between L3 and L4 intervertebral area. The algorithm, detected foot contacts and classified right/left steps, and then calculated gait parameters based on these informations. Compared with video data and analysis by manual, algorithm showed good performance in detection of foot contacts and classification of right/left steps in test set perfectly. In the future, with improving the reliability and ability of the algerian so that calculate more gait Parameters accurately, this system and algerian could be used to evaluate improvement of walking ability in hemiplegic patients in clinical practice.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2011

In this paper, an energy management circuit for solar energy harvesting system is designed in $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The solar energy management system consists of an ISC(Integrated Solar Cell), a voltage booster, and an MPPT(Maximum Power Point Tracker) control unit. The ISC generates an open circuit voltage of 0.5V and a short circuit current of $15{\mu}A$. The voltage booster provides the following circuit with a supply voltage about 1.5V. The MPPT control unit turns on the pMOS switch to provide the load with power while the ISC operates at MPP. The SEMU(Solar Energy Management Unit) area is $360{\mu}m{\times}490{\mu}m$ including pads. The ISC area is $500{\mu}m{\times}2000{\mu}m$. Experimental results show that the designed SEMU performs proper MPPT control for solar energy harvested from the ISC. The measured MPP voltage range is about 370mV∼420mV.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.23 no.7
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• pp.1797-1806
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• 1998

Future satellite communication systems will be developed at Ka-band (20/30 GHz) owing to the relatively wide frequency allocation and current freedom from terrestrial interference for multimedia services. A serious disadvantage of the Ka-band, however, is the very high atmospheric attenuation in rainy weather. Synchronous CDMA drastically redces the effect of self-noise with several interesting features of CDMA for mobile communications such as fixible freuqncy rese, the capability of performin soft-handover and a lower sensitivity to interference. This paper evaluates the performance of a synchronous CDMA reture link for a Ka-band geostationary satellite communication system. For a fixed satellite channel whose characteristics depend on weather conditions, the signal envelope and phase for this channel is modelled as Gaussian. The bit error and outage probability, and the detection loss due to imperfect chip timing synchronization is analytically evaluated and the system capacity degaradation due to the weather condition is estimated. The two cases consist of the general case in which all users are affected by rain condition, and the worst case in which the reference user is only affected by rain attenuation. the results for two cases of rain condition clearly show that synchronous CDMA eases the power control requirements and has less sensitivity to imperfect power control.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.237-242
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• 2016

The major advantage of slip-ring technology in Spiral CT is that it facilitates continuous rotation of the x-ray tube, so that volume data can be acquired from a patient quickly. Not only for such a fast scan, but also for the dose reduction purpose, high signal-to-noise ratio and fast data acquisition system is required. In this study, we have built a multi-channel photodetector and multi-channel data acquisition system for CT application. The detector module consisted of CdWO4 crystal and Si photodiode in 16 channels. For the performance test of the preamplifier stage, both the transimpedance and switched integrator types are optimized for the photodetector modules. Switched integrator showed better noise performance in the limited bandwidth which is suitable for the current CT application. The control sequence for data acquisition and 20 bit ADC is designed with VHDL(Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language) and implemented on FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array) chip. Our Si photodiode detector module coupled to CdWO4 crystal showed comparable signal with other commercially available photodiode for CT. Switched integrator type showed higher SNR but narrower bandwidth compared to transimpedance preamplifier. Digital hardware is designed by FPGA, so that the control signal could be redesigned without hardware alteration.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.52-59
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• 2007

In this paper, we analyzed and measured implant isolation characteristics for a 1.25 Gbps monolithic integrated hi-directional (M-BiDi) optoelectronic system-on-a-chip, which is a key component to constitute gigabit passive optical networks (PONs) for a fiber-to-the-home (FTTH). Also, we derived an equivalent circuit of the implant structure under various DC bias conditions. The 1.25 Gbps M-BiDi transmit-receive SoC consists of a laser diode with a monitor photodiode as a transmitter and a digital photodiode as a digital data receiver on the same InP wafer According to IEEE 802.3ah and ITU-T G.983.3 standards, a receiver sensitivity of the digital receiver has to satisfy under -24 dBm @ BER=10-12. Therefore, the electrical crosstalk levels have to maintain less than -86 dB from DC to 3 GHz. From analysed and measured results of the implant structure, the M-BiDi SoC with the implant area of 20 mm width and more than 200 mm distance between the laser diode and monitor photodiode, and between the monitor photodiode and digital photodiode, satisfies the electrical crosstalk level. These implant characteristics can be used for the design and fabrication of an optoelectronic SoC design, and expended to a mixed-mode SoC field.