• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.76-90
• /
• 1999

자폐적인 아동은 사회적 발달의 기초인 모-아 애착에서부터 왜곡되어 있고 특히 일치적 애착 행동들이 저하되어 있음을 볼 수 있다. 이를 개선하기 위해서는 일치적 행동들의 정상적 발달양상과 관련 요소를 파악하는 것이 선행되어야 하겠기에 자폐군과 정상군 총 20쌍의 모-아 놀이를 비교분석하였다. 그 결과 자폐군의 일치적 행동들은 정상군에 비해 저하되어 있고 발달 경과도 느렸으며 특히 16개월 이상부터는 현저한 차이를 보였다. 일치성과 상관이 있는 어머니의 양육행위는 애정적 표현을 하고 적절한 행동 멈춤을 보이며 아동의 행동을 기다려주는 것이었다. 모-아 상호집중의 저해요소는 지시적이고 간섭하고 학습중심적인 어머니의 놀이 행위와 아동의 무관심, 무반응, 과제수행의 실패 등이었다. 그러나 아동의 수준을 고려해 적당히 자극적인 접근을 하였을 때 상호집중이 유발되고 지속되는 것을 볼 수 있었다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제53권6호
• /
• pp.533-540
• /
• 2011

The objectives of experiments were to compare directly the effects of synchrony of slowly fermented (corn and corn gluten meal; C-CGM) and of rapidly fermented ingredients (barley and soybean meal; B-SBM) in the rumen on starch disappearances in gastrointestinal tracts (Experiment 1) and growth performance (Experiment 2) of Hanwoo steers in the feedlot barn. In experiment 1, four Hanwoo steers ($288{\pm}21$ kg) fitted with ruminal and "T" shaped duodenal cannula were placed in one pen with Calan gate and assigned randomly to a duplicate $2{\times}2$ Latin square design. In experiment 2, eight intact Hanwoo steers ($311{\pm}8$ kg) were assigned randomly to one of two pens with Calan gate to evaluate the effect of the same diets as like in experiment 1 on growth performance. There were no differences in ruminal pH, ammonia and total VFA concentrations between treatments. Percentage of apparent ruminal starch disappearance was 33.3% unit lower (p<0.05) for steers fed C-CGM than for steers fed B-SBM diets and this difference resulted in 268% higher (p<0.05) in duodenal starch flows for steers fed C-CGM diet than for steers fed B-SMB diet. There was significant increase (p<0.05) in quantity (927 vs. 400 g/d) of corn starch digested post-ruminally compared to barley starch. However, percentage of starch apparently digested post-ruminally was 8% higher (p=0.1) in steers fed fast synchrony diet with B-SBM than in steers fed slow synchrony diets with C-CGM. The differences of percentage and amount of starch apparently digested post-ruminally between C-CGM and B-SBM diets did not affect rice straw DM intake, average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency. In conclusion, there is some uncertainty in regards to the relationship between site of starch digestion and DM intake, ADG, and feed efficiency in this study.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
• /
• pp.680-683
• /
• 1987

The speech signal processing in the auditory system can be analysized based on two representations : Average discharge rate and Temporal discharge pattern. But the average discharge rate representation is restricted by the narrow dynamic range because of the rate saturation and the two tone suppression phenomena, and the temporal discharge pattern representation needs a sophisticate frequency analysis and synchrony measure. In this paper, a simple representation is proposed : using a model considering the interaction of Cochlear fluid-BM movement and a haircell model, the feature of speech signals (formant frequency and pitch of vowels) is easily estimated in the Average Synchronized Rate.

• Neonatal Medicine
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2010

Graphic monitoring assists the clinician at the bedside in several ways. It can be helpful in fine-tuning or adjusting ventilator parameters. Graphic monitoring may help to determine the patient's response to pharmacologic agents. The clinician also has the ability to trend monitored events over a prolonged period of time. The neonatal patient's self respiration, synchrony to ventilator and respiratory efforts can be well recognized with graphic monitoring. Of all, it may enable detection of complications before they become clinically apparent. This article introduces the basics of real-time graphics.

• 한국지능시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국퍼지및지능시스템학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회 학술발표 논문집
• /
• pp.234-238
• /
• 1997

This paper describes the tip force control of a flexible minature arm. The arm is driven by the torques generated by the cells, and the endpoint of the arm is controlled so that it moves in synchrony with the fluctuation of the target and maintains a constant distance to the surface of the traget.

• 정보과학회 논문지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.314-326
• /
• 2016

엔터프라이즈 비즈니스 모델링의 정형 명세와 검증을 위해 프로세스 대수들이 사용된다. ${\pi}$-calculus와 Mobile ambient는 분산 실시간 비즈니스 프로세스의 이동성을 표현할 수 있다. 그러나 이동성을 표현하는 데 있어 몇 가지 제약이 존재한다: 1) ${\pi}$-calculus는 포트의 이름을 전달함으로써 간접적으로만 이동성을 표현한다, 2) mobile ambient는 ambient를 사용하여 강제적인 비동기적 이동만을 표현한다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문은 이동성을 표현하기 위한 새로운 프로세스 대수인 ${\delta}$-calculus를 제안한다. ${\delta}$-calculus는 비즈니스 프로세스의 동기적 이동을 시공간에서 직접적으로 표현할 수 있다. 이동성으로 인해 나타날 수 있는 안전성, 보안성의 위협은 동기성, 우선순위, 데드라인 속성들을 통하여 표현이 가능하다. 제안한 개념의 시뮬레이션을 위해 ADOxx 메타-모델링 플랫폼으로 SAVE 도구를 개발하였다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.23-38
• /
• 2007

Based on a time series of ocean climate indices and catch records for seven pelagic fish species in the Tsushima Warm Current (TWC) and Kuroshio-Oyashio Current (KOC) regions from 1910 to 2004, we detected regional synchrony in the long-term fluctuations of the fish populations and identified alternation patterns of dominant species related to climate shifts. The annual catches of Pacific herring, Japanese sardines, Japanese anchovies, jack mackerel, chub mackerel, Pacific saury and common squid in the TWC region fluctuated in phase with those in the KOC region, which suggests that they were controlled by the same basin-wide climate forcing. After the collapse of the herring fishery, the alternation sequence was: sardines (1930s), Pacific saury, jack mackerel, common squid and anchovies ($1950s{\sim}1960s$), herring ($late\;1960s{\sim}early\;1970s$), chub mackerel (1970s) and then sardines (1980s). As sardine biomass decreased in the late stages of the cool regime, catch of the other four species increased immediately during the warm period of the 1990s. Regional differences in the amplitude of long-term catch fluctuations for the seven pelagic fishes could be explained by regional differences in availability, fishing techniques and activity.

• ALGAE
• /
• 제33권2호
• /
• pp.191-203
• /
• 2018

Fragilariopsis cylindrus is one of the most successful psychrophiles in the Southern Ocean. To investigate the molecular mechanism of biomineralization in this species, we attempted to synchronize F. cylindrus growth, since new cell wall formation is tightly coupled to the cell division process. Nutrient limitation analysis showed that F. cylindrus cultures rapidly stopped growing when deprived of silicate or light, while growth continued to a certain extent in the absence of nitrate. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that deprivation of either silicate or light could effectively arrest the cell cycle of this diatom species at the G1 phase, suggesting that synchrony can be established using either factor. Fluorescence labeling of new cell walls was faintly detectable as early as approximately 6 h after silicon repletion or light irradiation, and labeling was markedly intensified by 18 h. It is revealed that the synthesis of girdle bands begins before valve synthesis in this species, with active valve synthesis occurring during the G2 / M phase. Expression profiling revealed that selective member(s) of the F. cylindrus SIT genes (FcSIT) respond to silicate and light, with a different set of genes being responsive to each factor. The Si / light double depletion experiments demonstrated that expression of one FcSIT gene is possibly correlated to transition to G2 / M phase of the cell cycle, when the valve is actively formed.

• 한국인지과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국인지과학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2010

The previous investigations of electroencephalogram (EEG) activity in the memory retrieval tasks demonstrated that event-related potentials (ERP) during recollection showed different durations and the peak levels from those without recollection. However, it has been unknown that recollection in memory retrieval also modulates high-frequency brain rhythms as well as establishes large-scale synchronization across different cortical areas. In this study, we examined the spectral components of the EEG signals, especially the gamma bands (20-80Hz), measured during the memory retrieval tasks. Specifically, we focused on two major spectral components: first, we evaluated the temporal patterns of the power spectral density before and after the onset of the memory retrieval task; second, we estimated phase synchrony between all possible pairs of EEG channels to evaluate large-scale synchronization. Fourteen healthy subjects performed the memory retrieval task in the virtual reality environment where they selected whether or not t he present item was seen in the previous training period. When the subjects viewed the unseen items, the middle gamma power (40-60Hz) appeared to increase 200-500ms after stimulus onset while the low gamma power (20Hz) was suppressed all the way through the post-stimulus period 150ms after onset. The degree of phase synchronization in this low gamma level, however, increased when the subjects fetched the item from memory. This suggests that phase synchrony analysis might reveal different aspects of the memory retrieval process than the gamma power, providing additional information to the inference on the brain dynamics during memory retrieval.

• 한국융합학회논문지
• /
• 제10권7호
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2019

폐 종양의 위치에 따라 사이버나이프 치료 시 치료기법의 선택에 대해 고려해봐야 합니다. 폐암 환자 28명을 대상으로 18개 지점에 대해 4차원 단층촬영영상을 분석하였고, 응용프로그램을 통해 위치오차값을 추출하였다. 평가 결과 상부와 내측에서만 평균 위치오차값보다 낮았다. 이러한 결과를 통해 폐첨부에 가깝거나 척추체부에 가까운 경우 척추추적기법을 적용하는 것이 효율적이며, 이외의 위치에서는 호흡동조기법이 효율적이다. 이에 본연구를 기반으로 하여 향후 폐종양의 폐내 종양의 위치뿐만 아니라 폐활량에 따른 확장범위 및 환자마다 차이가 발생하는 호흡주기에 따라 사이버나이프 치료기법을 선택할 경우 효율적인 치료기법을 선택할 수 있도록 연구하고자 한다.