• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.431-435
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• 2008

Quantitative information of a three dimensional(3D) kinematics of joint is very useful in knee joint surgery, understanding how knee kinematics related to joint injury, impairment, surgical treatment, and rehabilitation. In this paper, an automated 2D/3D image matching technique was developed to estimate the 3D in vivo knee kinematics using dual X-ray images. First, a 3D geometric model of the knee was reconstructed from CT scan data. The 3D in vivo position and orientation of femoral and tibial components of the knee joint could be estimated by minimizing the pixel by pixel difference between the projection images from the developed 3D model and the given X-ray images. The accuracy of the developed technique was validated by an experiment with a cubic phantom. The present 2D/3D image matching technique for the estimation of in vivo joint kinematics could be useful for pre-operative planning as well as post-operative evaluation of knee surgery.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.425-432
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• 2012

This paper investigates shape design processes of two implant systems for bone fracture treatment ; Bone plate and Interlocking nail system. These systems can directly fix fractured human bones by surgical operations. The bone plates consist of various shaped plates and implant screws for fixation of fractured human bones with various manual instruments allowing to handle them. The material corresponds to titanium alloy Ti6Al4V because it is harmless material for human body as well as significantly rigid. This system has to be suitably rigid as well as manually bended in orthopedic surgery operations. The Interlocking nail system is a kind of nail implanted inside fractured human bones. The shapes of these systems have to be suitably designed in order to endure various loads as well as avoid any damages. If various shaped prototypes would be fabricated and tested to design the optimal shapes, optimal shapes could be obtained but very long time and expensive costs must be required. In this paper finite element method was applied into these systems. Under various boundary conditions a series of structural analysis was conducted by using ANSYS. Finally important shape factors could be determined on the basis of the analysis results.

• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.272-281
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• 2012

최근 주목을 받고 있는 유연성/신축성 전극소재는 유연디스플레이, 센서, 유전탄성고분자 액추에이터 및 제너레이터, 스마트 수술도구 등과 같은 다양한 분야에서 활용이 가능하다. 유연성/신축성 전극소재는 다양한 형태의 기계적인 변형을 받게 되는데 이때 기계적인 변형에 맞춰 함께 변형될 뿐만 아니라 신축되어야 한다. 따라서 기계적 변형에서도 전극으로써 기능을 유지해야 하기 때문에 대단히 어려운 연구분야라 할 수 있다. 본 총설에서는 최근까지 연구된 유연성/신축성 전극소재의 제조와 특성을 소개하고자 한다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제42권
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• pp.18.1-18.9
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• 2020

Background: Bone grafting has been considered the gold standard for hard tissue reconstructive surgery and is widely used for large mandibular defect reconstruction. However, the midface encompasses delicate structures that are surrounded by a complex bone architecture, which makes bone grafting using traditional methods very challenging. Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is a developing technology that is derived from the evolution of additive manufacturing. It enables precise development of a scaffold from different available biomaterials that mimic the shape, size, and dimension of a defect without relying only on the surgeon's skills and capabilities, and subsequently, may enhance surgical outcomes and, in turn, patient satisfaction and quality of life. Review: This review summarizes different biomaterial classes that can be used in 3D bioprinters as bioinks to fabricate bone scaffolds, including polymers, bioceramics, and composites. It also describes the advantages and limitations of the three currently used 3D bioprinting technologies: inkjet bioprinting, micro-extrusion, and laserassisted bioprinting. Conclusions: Although 3D bioprinting technology is still in its infancy and requires further development and optimization both in biomaterials and techniques, it offers great promise and potential for facial reconstruction with improved outcome.

• 노인간호학회지
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• 제20권sup1호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of using intelligent robot based nursing practice as discussed in previous research and also, to propose directions for robot care for elders. Methods: For this study 28 previous researches using robots in health care field were reviewed and related research trends introduced. Results: Robot applications in the healthcare field were mainly for rehabilitation, surgery, interaction, and nursing assistance through robotics. Especially types of robot include pet type robots, humanoid robots, surgical robots, rehabilitation robots, robot suit and entertainment robots with monitors. The research participants were patients with dementia and institutionalized elderly people. It was found that a human-robot interaction was effective from physical, mental, emotional and social aspects. Conclusion: Robots can be used for various purposes such as nursing assistance, patient health promotion and education. It is necessary to reduce the human burden of care work using robots and to introduce robot care programs which can meet the needs of elders. Therefore, korean nurses should make efforts to change their practice to new geriatric nursing through repeated research based on the scientific data.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.52-57
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to develop simulations that can be used for virtual education in dentistry. The virtual education to be developed will be developed with clinical training and actual case data of tooth extraction. This development goal is to allow dental students to learn the necessary surgical techniques at the point of their choice, not going into the operating room, away from time, space, and physical limits. I want to develop content using VR. Oculus Rift HMD, Optical Based Outside-in Tracking System, Oculus Touch Motion Controller, and Headset as Input / Output Device. In this configuration, the optimization method is applied convergent, and when the operation of the VR contents is performed, the content data is extracted from the interaction analysis formed in the VR engine, and the data is processed by the content algorithm. It also computes events and dental operations generated within the 3D engine programming and generates corresponding events through data processing according to the input signal. The visualization information is output to the HMD using the rendering information. In addition, the operating room environment was constructed by studying lighting and material for actual operating room environment. We applied the ratio of actual space to virtual space and the ratio between character and actual person to create a spatial composition at a similar rate to actual space.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2021

This study was conducted to develop and apply clinical nursing practice training simulation program using Standardized Patient for Nursing Students focused on infectious respiratory disease. This study is descriptive methodological study. Through prior consideration of documents and educational task of infectious respiratory disease was conducted with interview of clinical specialists of infection control managers. Development of educational task for infectious respiratory disease for Nursing Students went through the content validity. Finally, 10 educational tasks are developed 'knowledge of respiratory infections disease', 'hand washing', 'put on mask', 'lead to put on mask to patients and caregiver', 'intravenous injection via 3way', 'surgical aseptic technique', 'sterilization medical instrument', 'management of contaminated linen', 'infected personnel management manual'. The infectious respiratory disease simulation program was developed based on the ADDIE model and proceeded to 4 steps of analysis, design, development, implementation. The infection control education program included lectures (20 min), skill training (20 min), simulation using standardized patient (20 min), and debriefing (40 min), The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics with SPSS program for version 23.0. The results of this study confirmed that the clinical nursing practice training simulation program using standardized patients was effective in infectious respiratory disease of the nursing college students in knowledge of infectious respiratory disease and clinical nursing performance. we found this practical training program for nursing college students to improve knowledge and clinical competency of infection control. we expected that this developed program could be applied to practical training for various infectious control.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제66권1호
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• pp.156-166
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• 2024

Pigs are genetically, anatomically, and physiologically similar to humans. Recently, pigs are in the spotlight as a suitable source animal for xenotransplantation. However, to use pigs as source animals, pigs should be raised in designated pathogen-free facilities. There is abundant data from embryo transfer (ET) experiments using farm pigs as surrogates, but data on ET experiments using minipigs are scarce. Eighty minipigs were used for ET experiments and after transplantation, the implantation and delivery rates were investigated. It was also confirmed whether the pregnancy rate could be increased by changing the condition or surgical method of the surrogate. In the case of minipigs that gave birth, the size of the fetal sac on the 28th day of ET was also measured. The factors that can affect the pregnancy rate such as estrus synchronization program, ovulation status at the time of ET, the number of repeated ET surgeries, and the ET sites, were changed, and the differences on the pregnancy rate were observed. However there were no significant differences in pregnancy rate in minipigs. The diameter of the implanted fetal sac on the 28th day after ET in the minipigs whose delivery was confirmed was calculated to be 4.7 ± 0.5 cm. In conclusion, there were no significant differences in pregnancy rate of minipigs in the comparative experiment on various factors affecting the pregnancy rate. However, additional experiments and analyses are needed due to the large individual differences of the minipigs.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2021

Metal pipes are used in a wide range of applications, from plumbing systems of large construction sites to small devices such as medical tools. When a liquid is enforced to flow through a metal pipe, a higher flow rate is beneficial for higher efficiency. Using high pressures can enhance the flow rate yet can be harmful for medical applications. Thus, we consider an optimal geometrical design to increase the flow rate in medical devices. In this study, we focus on cannulas, which are widely used small metal pipes for surgical procedures, such as liposuction. We characterize the internal flow rate driven by a negative pressure and explore its dependence on the key design parameters. We quantitatively analyze the suction characteristics for each design variable by conducting computational fluid dynamics simulations. In addition, we build a suction performance measurement system which enables the translational motion of cannulas with pre-programmed velocity for experimental validation. The inner diameter, section geometry, and hole configuration are the design factors to be evaluated. The effect of the inner diameter dominates over that of section geometry and hole configuration. In addition, the circular tube shape provides the maximum flow rate among the elliptical geometries. Once the flow rate exceeds a critical value, the rate becomes independent of the number and width of the suction holes. Finally, we introduce a slippery liquid-infused nanoporous surface (SLIPS) coating using nanoparticles and hydrophobic lubricants that effectively improves the flow rate and antifouling property of cannulas without altering the geometrical design parameter.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.387-393
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• 2016

종양을 효율적으로 적출, 제거하기 위해서는 부수적으로 방사선 치료 및 항암화학요법을 이용하여 수술 전이나, 수술 후 종양의 크기를 줄이거나 작게 할 수는 있었으나, 종양을 적출하거나 제거하는 방법으로 외과적 절제수술요법이 가장 재래적인 수술 방법이다. 종양의 크기를 줄이거나 작게 하는 방법과, 종양을 사멸시킬 수 있는 항암화학요법은 방사성 감수성을 증가시키는 항암약제를 종양세포에 선택적으로 투여하여 방사선에 대한 감수성에 민감하게 반응 할 수 있도록 한 것이며, 다양한 생물학적인 세포증식억제 방법 중 TRAIL은 단백질을 변형 시킬 수 있으며 단백질 구조를 변형시켜 세포의 사멸에 일조를 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 HCT-116세포를 암세포로 간주하여 TRAIL과 방사선과의 상호관계를 분석하였다. 실험결과 TRAIL과 방사선의 단독사용은 대조군과 비교해 본 결과 각각 세포증식과 세포자멸사에 유의적인 영향을 끼치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 반대로 TRAIL로 처리하고, 방사선 조사를 병행해서 처리한 경우 HCT-116세포가 유의적으로 세포자멸사가 발생되었음을 알 수 있었고, G1대비 G0의 비율도 증가한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 TRAIL은 방사선 방어적인 세포의 세포자멸사를 증가시켜 방사선 감수성을 증가시켰음을 알 수 있었으며, 또한 세포주기를 변화시켜 세포 증식 능력을 점진적으로 감소시킬 수 있었다. TRAIL은 세포자멸사를 증가시키고 세포증식 능력을 감소시켜 방사선 증감제로서 사용이 가능하다는 것으로 사료된다.