• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.189-192
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• 2005

We tested the field adaptation of Betula schmidtii on the abandoned coal-mine soil with sludge amendment methods for promoting physiological activity of B. schmidtii seedlings under several environmental stress. Sewage sludges were amended to coal-mine soil with B. schmidtii seedlings which grown in the mixture of artificial soil and composted sludge soil before transplanting (before-fertilized treatment, BF) and fertilized with composted sludge after transplanting (after-fertilized treatment, AF). The percent of establishment of seedlings for AF (80.7%) was lower than that for BF (92.7%). Nitrate reductase activity and photosynthetic pigment content were higher in AF than in BF, but malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were lower in AF than in BF These results represent that after-fertilized seedlings increase resistance against physiological stress at field condition using nitrogen source of composted sludge. On the contrary, before-fertilized seedlings were susceptible to environmental stress on abandoned coal-mine soil by exhausting of nitrogen source from composted sludge.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 1990

The present study examined the alterations in endogenous oxy-radical scaverging system of pancreatic tissue associated with the dose of 45 mg/kg steptozotocin (STZ) alone or with various combinations. The activities of pancreatic Min-superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were no apparent changes in the other groups except for the Cu(II) 4 mg/kg pretreated group. The presence of 4 mg/kg of Cu(II) with or without 125 mg /kg of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) markedly attenuated the fall in activity of Cu, Zn-Sod by STZ stress. In particular, STZ-induced superoxide generation was dramatically abolished by prior administration of Cu(II) 4 mg/kg. Conculsively, We suggested the possible involvement that copper may enhance the defence mechanism of pancreatic oxidative damage by STZ challenge.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2011

Background: In this study, we have investigated the effect of Korean red ginseng (KRG) extracts on the production of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-8 in human keratinocytes. Also, to examine the antioxidative effect of red ginseng extracts, free radical scavenging activity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in human dermal fibroblasts was measured. Methods: To investigate the effect of KRG in atopic dermatitis, we measured the level of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-8 secretion in LPS-stimulated human keratinocytes after the treatment of KRG extracts using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Anti-oxidative activity was investigated by measuring 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and SOD activity. Results: The stimulation of human keratinocytes with KRG extracts shifted the LPS-induced cytokine secretion toward a more immunosuppressive response. KRG dose-dependently decreased TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-8 production in HaCaT cells and a significant inhibition of TNF-${\alpha}$ was shown when cells were treated with 500 and $1,000{\mu}g/ml$ of KRG extracts. Additionally, KRG extracts showed DPPH radical scavenging and SOD activity in a dose-dependent manner. Particularly, SOD activities of concentrations higher than $60{\mu}g/ml$ of KRG extracts were significantly different in human dermal fibroblast cells. Conclusion: Based on this study, KRG extracts may be a useful immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of atopic dermatitis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.259-268
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• 1993

폐흡충의 분비배설물은 항원성이 높아 폐흡충증의 진단용 항원으로 가치가 있다고 보고되었다. 이 까닭은. 분비배설물에는 숙주내에서 여러 생물학적 반응을 일으키는 물질뿐 아니라 충체의 일부구성 성분 및 여러 효소 등이 포함되어 있기 때문이라 가정할 수 있다. 이 연구는 폐흡충 성충의 분비배설물에서 숙주의 산소라디칼을 분해시키는 효소인 catalase, superoxide dismutasr (SOD), peroxidase 등이 존재하는지를 확인하고 그 활성도를 측정하였으며 그 중 peroxidase를 정제하여 생화학적 특성의 일부 및 항원성을 관찰하였다. 폐흡충 성충 50마리를 $37^{\circ}C$ 부란기에 12시간 배양한 뒤 배양액을 원심분리하고 이를 분비배설 조효소로 사용하였다. 분비배설물에서 catalase, SOD와 peroxidase의 활성도를 측정할 수 있었고 그 비활성도(specific activity)는 각각 11.1, 3.4 및 48.5 이었다. 분비배설물의 peroxidase 비활성도는 충체추출액의 비활성도보다 1.5배 높았다 이 효소를 Sephacryl 5-300 Superfine gel filtration. DEAE-Tnsacryl M anion exchange chromatography로 정제하였다. 정제한 peroxidase의 분자량은 HPLC에서는 19 kDa이었고 SDS-전기영동에서는 16 kDa이었다. 정제한 효소를 전기영동한 후 diaminobenzidine으로 specific staining한 결과 이 효소는 충체추출액의 효소와 같은 영동이동거리를 나타내었다 즉 이 효소는 충체로부터 분비되는 것임을 알 수 있었다. 한편 폐흡충 감염 환자의 혈청과 반응시킨 immunoblot에서 분비배설물의 구성 단백질중 84, 64, 42, 32, 30, 28, 26, 24, 22, 11 및 8 kDa가 항원성을 보인 반면 정제한 peroxidase는 미약한 반응을 보였다 이상의 결과로 폐흡충 peroxidase는 분비배설되어 SOD, catalase와 함께 산소 독성을 제거하는데 작용하고 있으나 패흡충 감염 환자에서 특이 항체 반응을 일으키는데 에는 미약한 작용을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.247-252
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• 2016

This study was conducted to investigate the occurrence of oxidative stress in the heart tissue of rats infected with Trypanosoma evansi. Rats were divided into 2 groups (A and B) with 12 animals each, and further subdivided into 4 subgroups (A1 and A2, 6 animals/each; and B1 and B2, 6 animals/each). Animals in the groups B1 and B2 were subcutaneously inoculated with T. evansi. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), glutathione S-transferase activity (GST), reduced glutathione activity (GSH), and non-protein thiols (NPSH) in the heart tissue were evaluated. At day 5 and 15 post-infection (PI), an increase in the TBARS levels and a decrease in the SOD activity (P<0.05) were observed. GSH and GST activities were decreased in infected animals at day 15 PI (P<0.05). Considering the proper functioning of the heart, it is possible that the changes in the activity of these enzymes involved in the oxidative stress may be related, at least in part, in the pathophysiology of rats infected with T. evansi.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.1090-1097
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• 2017

Rhus verniciflua Stokes (RVS), an herbal medicine found in East Asia, was extracted and further fractionated to investigate its antioxidant capacity and neuroprotective effects. The RVS ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction had the highest level of total phenolics and antioxidant capacity among all solvent fractions tested. Pretreatment of PC-12 cells with the EtOAc fraction effectively attenuated $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, the EtOAc fraction significantly attenuated caspase-3 activity, resulting in inhibition of $H_2O_2$-induced apoptosis. We identified and quantified fustin, sulfuretin, and butein in the EtOAc fraction using accurate mass quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The intracellular antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were significantly increased in PC-12 cells treated with the EtOAc fraction and with individual flavonoids. When cells were pretreated with the EtOAc fraction or individual flavonoids and then co-incubated with diethyldithiocarbamic acid (an inhibitor of SOD activity), cell viability against $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress was attenuated. These results suggest that the RVS EtOAc fraction and its flavonoid constituents protect PC-12 cells against $H_2O_2$-induced neurotoxicity through their antioxidant properties.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.532-541
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• 2010

Peroxidase-like activity of Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) has been recently disclosed. To maximize such activity, two catalytically conserved residues (histidine and arginine) found in the distal pocket of peroxidases have successfully been introduced into that of the VHb. A 15-fold increase in catalytic constant ($k_{cat}$) was obtained in P54R variant,which was presumably attributable to the lower rigidity and higher hydrophilicity of the distal cavity arising from substitution of proline to arginine. None of the modifications altered the affinity towards either $H_2O_2$ or ABTS substrate. Spectroscopic studies revealed that VHb variants harboring the T29H mutation apparently demonstrated a spectral shift in both ferric and ferrous forms (406-408 to 411 nm, and 432 to 424-425 nm, respectively). All VHb proteins in the ferrous state had a $\lambda_{soret}$ peak at ~419 nm following the carbon monoxide (CO) binding. Expression of the P54R mutant mediated the downregulation of iron superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) as identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF). According to the high peroxidase activity of P54R, it could effectively eliminate autoxidation-derived $H_2O_2$, which is a cause of heme degradation and iron release. This decreased the iron availability and consequently reduced the formation of the $Fe^{2+}$-ferric uptake regulator protein ($Fe^{2+}$-Fur), an inducer of FeSOD expression.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.328-334
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• 2000

Sixty local soybean cultivars were evaluated on the antioxidative activity by superoxide dismutase (SOD), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), thiobarbituric acid(TBA), and chemiluminescence using the FI-CL system. Soybean were collected throughout the country, and were grown over two years (1997 and 1998) for measuring antioxidative activity in soybean seeds. There were differences in antioxidative activity depen-ding on the method of measurement and variation of the crop year. Soybeans from Kwangyang-shi-1 (76.78%) in 1997 and Kangjin-gun-3(79.14%) in 1998 showed the highest SOD activity, whereas those from Hwasoon-gun (80.43%) in 1997 and Kangjin-gun-2 (49.82 %) in 1998 exhibited the highest DPPH activity. Soybeans from Chongup-gun-2 (75.77%) in 1997 and from Yochon-shi-5 (69.17%) in 1998 exhibited the highest TBA activity, and those from Jinahn-gun (48.99%) in 1997 and Kohung-gun (49.73%) in 1998 exhibited the highest activity using the chemiluminescence method. These results suggest that it may be possible to develop soybean varieties with higher antioxidative activity.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between obesity and, erythrocyte SOD (superoxide dismutase) activity and serum antioxidant mineral (Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Se) concentrations of adolescents. Subjects were assigned to one of two groups such as obese ($BMI{\geq}25$, 32 boys, 24 girls) and normal group (18.5 < BMI < 23, 27 boys, 30 girls) Subjects were evaluated based on anthropometric measurements, 24-hr dietary recalls and blood analysis. The mean age of the total subjects was 13.8 years. The mean weight (p < 0.001), BMI (p < 0.001) and body fat (p < 0.001) of obese were higher than those of normal group. There was no significant difference in nutrient intake between obese and normal groups. SOD activity of obese group was not significantly different from normal groups, in both males and females. However, in the males, serum Cu concentration of obese were significantly lower than those of normal group. In the females, Serum Mn concentration of obese were significantly lower then those of normal group. In the correlation analysis, BMI of the subjects had significantly negative correlations with serum Cu, Zn and Mn. To summarize the results, increase of obesity may lead to decrease of serum antioxidant minerals such as Cu, Zn and Mn.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.160-165
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• 2000

오존$(O_3)$ 처리후 벼 품종의 SOD(Superoxide Dismutase)와 POD(Peroxidase)활성, 기공 저항성의 반응의 차이를 조사하여 내성품종 선발의 기초 자료로 이용하고자 실험을 실시 하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. SOD활성 조사에서 오존 처리 1시간 후 상남밭벼는 활성이 높아졌고, 백나와 일품벼의 경우 오존 처리 1 시간 후 보다 2 시간 후 활성이 증가하였다. 오존 처리 24시간 후에는 상남밭벼의 활성이 크게 감소하였고, 일품벼는 활성이 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 한강찰벼는 큰 변화를 보이지 않았다. 2. POD활성 조사에서 오존 처리 1 시간 후에는 한강찰벼, 상남밭벼, 일품벼등이 서로 비숫한 P0D활성을 나타내었지만, 백나는 활성이 매우 낮았고 시간이 지날수록 POD활성은 증가하였다. 오존 처리 24 시간 후의 POD활성은 조사된 품종 모두에서 활성이 90 %이상을 나타냈다. 3. 기공 저항성 조사에서 오존 처리 1 시간 후에는 상남밭벼의 경우 기공 저항성이 감소하는 경향 나타냈다. 오존 처리 24 시간 후의 기공 저항성은 한강찰벼, 상남밭벼, 백나에서 조사 잎 모두 기공 저항성이 감소하였지만, 일품벼에서는 오존 처리 1 시간 후와 비슷한 높은 기공 저항성을 나타냈다.