• Title/Summary/Keyword: Summer season culture

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Annual Variation of Chlorophyll a and Pheopigments of the Benthic Microalgae on the Corrugated PVC Sheets for Abalone Seedlings (전복치패 부착파판에서 저서미소조류 엽록소 및 갈색소의 년변화)

  • Na Gui-hwan
    • Journal of Aquaculture
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.65-71
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    • 1996
  • To estimate the variation of food organisms on the corrugated PVC sheets, we analysed the chlorophyll a and. pheopigments of the benthic microalgae on the sheets from the oyster culture ponds. We estimated the standing crops as the amounts of chlorophyll a, and the physiological state of cells as the pheopigments level in the benthic microalgae. The amount of chlorophyll a was increased by immersion time in winter but the peak was observed every two weeks in summer, while the ratio of pheopigments was highest in summer but the low level was observed in spring and autumn. These seasonal variation were well coincided with the natural spawning season and the good microalgae nutritional valance.

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A Spray Chrysanthemum, 'Green Candy' with Double Flower Type and Green Petals for Cut Flowers (녹색 겹꽃 절화용 스프레이국화 '그린캔디' 육성)

  • Lim, Jin Hee;Shin, Hak Ki;Park, Sang Kun;Choi, Seong Yeol;Lee, Jung-Soo
    • Horticultural Science & Technology
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.388-392
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    • 2013
  • A spray chrysanthemum cultivar 'Green Candy' was released by National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, in 2009. The cross between 'Yoko Ono', a spray chrysanthemum cultivar with light yellowish-green double type, and 'Green Bird', a spray chrysanthemum cultivar with vigorous and green double type, was made in Suwon in 2006. After the evaluation of the characteristics under shade culture in summer and retarding culture in spring and consecutive selection from 2007 to 2009, 'Green Candy' was selected finality. The natural flowering time of 'Green Candy' is October 28th, and it is possible to flower all year-round by shade and light culture. It has double flower type with green petals. The growth of plant is very vigorous and the color of the petals is stable when the variety is cultivated under high temperature conditions in summer season. The diameter of flower is 4.1 cm. The numbers of flower per stem and petals per flower are 12 and 217, respectively. The days for flowering under the short day treatment are about 58 and its vase life is 18.1 days in autumn season. 'Green Candy' was applied as No. 2010-212 on March 5, 2010 for variety protection and the plant variety protection rights have been registered as No. 3633 on August 2, 2011 at the Korea Seed and Variety Service.

A Study on Preference of Men and Women in Their 20s of Clothing Color -In the Taegu Areas- (20대 남녀의 의복색상 선호에 관한 연구 -대구시내를 중심으로-)

  • 은영자;박소희
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.305-323
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    • 1996
  • The purpose of this sty is to forecast the tendency of clothing colors, to provide materials useful for making the color plan for a better costume, and suggest new information in the apparel industry. To achieve these purposes, this study was carried out by suggesting vogue colors of recent apparel, along with the 20 standard colors of Muncell to 350 men and women in their 20s residing in Taegu.. We analysed and compared their preferred colors in suits vidual factor ;age, sex, education ,skin color, and body shape, and additionally classifying their interest in clothing colors, cause for color selection , degree of interest in color of clothes, color satisfaction of apparel market, and color combination of clothing, color satisfaction of apparel market, and color combination of clothing. We compared these elements according to their age, sex, and education. The results of this study is summarized as follows; 1. It was shown that both men and women in their 20s preferred warm colors the first colors mentioned being the most popular ; Pastels, Red, Blue and Black. They disliked dark and sordid colros in the order of Mauve, Khaki and Red. They preferred wearing Pastels and Yellow in the Spring, White, Blue, and Pastels were the favorites for summer, Beige in autumn, and black, Gray, and Beige in winter. The repugnated colors they chose two wear were Black, Red, Mauve, Khaki in spring and summer. Mauve, Red, Yellow were favorites for autumn, and Blue·White, Yellow·Green, and Pastels in winter. 2. The preferred colors for T-shirts were Yellow, Pastels, White in spring. White and Pastels were summer favorites, Beige an Red for autumn, and Black, Red, Beige in Winter. As for suits, the preferred colors in spring were in the order of Pastels, Beige and Yellow. The preferred colors of upper garments in summer were in the order of White and pastels. for lower summer garments Pastels, White and Blue were favorites. In autumn, Beige was shown to be highly preferred, and in winter, the order of preferred colors was Black, Gray and Beige. 3. On of those individual factors showing the greatest difference was sex. 4. Those factors having the greatest impact on the selection of clothing color were the season and their preference color. 5. The in vogue color of men in their 20s was at a higher level than hat of women. The groups that had an upper college level education showed a significant difference in their choices thant hose who were highschool graduates and technical college student and graduates. The consideration of inteterest in color of clothes, holding clothes during new purchasing, body shape and skin color was higher for women than men. In buying and wearing accessaries, women tend to take into consideration the harmony with the garment, and there was shown a significant difference between highschool graduates and the groups above the level of college education.

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Development of Stable Production Technique of Summer Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) in Soilless Culture in the Highlands (수경재배에 의한 고랭지 시금치의 여름철 안정생산 기술 개발)

  • Lee, Eung-Ho;Lee, Jong-Nam;Im, Ju-Sung;Ryu, Seung-Yeol;Kwon, Young-Seok;Jang, Suk-Woo
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.21-26
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    • 2011
  • Differences among cultivars, conditions of nutrient solution, nursing materials, and soilless culture systems were investigated to select suitable cultivar and cultivation methods for stable production of summer spinach in the highlands. The 'Quinto' spinach showed the earliest growth and highest yield. For yield increase of summer spinach, optimal solution pH was 6.0, EC was $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, and $NH_4-N$ ratio of nutrient solution was 30 percent Stand rate of spinach in nursing seedlings, at 200-cell-tray filled with mixed nursing soil (peat : perlite = 7 : 3), was higher than those grown in urethane sponge and rock-wool plug. Yield was also 18 to 24 percent higher than those in rock-wool plug and urethane sponge. Plant length and yield of spinach in mixed substrate (peat : perlite = 7 : 3) filled nutrient film technique (MSNFT) system were longer of 18 percent, and higher of 9 percent than those in deep flow technique (DFT) system, respectively. However, changes of root zone temperature, pH and EC showed similar pattern with DFT. Therefore, growing 'Quinto' cultivar at 6.0 of pH, $2.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ of EC, 30 percent of $NH_4-N$ ratio, at 200-cell-tray filled with mixed nursing soil, and MSNFT cultivation system, was the best for production of summer spinach in the highlands.

Development of a Numerical Model for Prediction of the Cooling Load of Nutrient Solution in Hydroponic Greenhouse (수경온실의 양액 냉각부하 예측모델 개발)

  • 남상운;김문기;손정익
    • Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.99-109
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    • 1993
  • Cooling of nutrient solution is essential to improve the growth environment of crops in hydroponic culture during summer season in Korea. This study was carried out to provide fundamental data for development of the cooling system satisfying the required cooling load of nutrient solution in hydroponic greenhouse. A numerical model for prediction of the cooling load of nutrient solution in hydroponic greenhouse was developed, and the results by the model showed good agreements with those by experiments. Main factors effecting on cooling load were solar radiation and air temperature in weather data, and conductivity of planting board and area ratio of bed to floor in greenhouse parameters. Using the model developed, the design cooling load of nutrient solution in hydroponic greenhouse of 1,000$m^2$(300pyong) was predicted to be 95,000 kJ/hr in Suwon and the vicinity.

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Studies on Culture Methods of Fruit Vegetables under Rain Shelter in Summer Season I. Effects of Rain Shelter Types with or without Latent Heat Cooling Method on Growth and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes (비가림 시설에 있어서 여름철 과채류 재배법 연구 I. 몇가지 비가림 시설유형과 잠열냉각방법이 토마토의 생육과 품질에 미치는 영향)

  • 조삼증;김현환;신만균;권영삼;이시영;남윤일
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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    • 1993.10a
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    • pp.13-14
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    • 1993
  • 우리나라의 '91년도 시설채소 재배면적은 48,855ha로서, 그 중 과채류 재배면적이 27,570ha이고, 기존의 파이프하우스를 이용한 비가림 시설재배 면적은 3,970ha로서 매년 증가하는 추세이다. 극민소득의 증가와 식생활의 고급화로 인해 고품질 과채류의 소비가 급증하고 있으며, 한편 세계 농산물시장의 교역자유화 추세로 인해 채소류의 품질고급화와 생산비 절감을 통한 국제경쟁력제고가 절실히 요청되고 있는 실정이다. (중략)

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Effects of Climatic Factors as affected by the Type of Plastic House, Cultural Season and Crop Locations on the Growth and Yield of Summer and Retarding Culture of Cucumber Plants Grown in Rockwool (Plastic house의 형태, 재배양식 및 시설내 위치에 따른 기상환경의 차이가 암면재배 오이의 생장과 수량에 미치는 영향)

  • 임준택;김학진;정순주;이범선
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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    • 1999.11a
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    • pp.179-182
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    • 1999
  • 하계나 추계에 시설재배 오이 생산에 있어서 고품질의 오이를 생산하기 위해서는 오이의 생육특성을 잘 알고, 시설의 형태, 재배양식 및 시설 내 위치에 따라서 생육이 진행되는 과정에서 어떻게 자랄지 예측하는 것은 재배자 입장에서 매우 중요한 정보가 될 것이다. 특히 시설재배에서는 일조부족, 저온, 수분조건 등의 급격한 변화가 나타나기 쉽기 때문에 이 같은 환경조건의 제어를 통한 관리가 고품질 다수확에 중요한 관건이라 할 수 있다. (중략)

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A Research on the Actual State of Manufacturers of Cycle Wears and Condition in Wearing - Focusing on Cycle Wear of Male ($20{\sim}35$ Age) - (사이클 웨어의 생산 현황 및 착용 실태 조사 연구 - 사이클 웨어 $20{\sim}35$세의 남성 착용자를 대상으로 -)

  • Lee, Yu-Jin;Suh, Mi-A
    • The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.58-69
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    • 2008
  • The purpose of this research therefore, was to conduct research on the actual state of manufacturers of cycle wears and the condition in wearing; to present the basic data to develop cycle wears which can lessen the trouble for the human body and an excellent feeling in wearing. For research on the actual state of manufacturers of cycle wears, three domestic companies were grasped. To inquire the condition in wearing, the method of questionnaire was used for 100 peoples consisted of male cycling professional players and ordinary peoples with the same tastes. As the result of research: The manufacturers were targeting for the professional players and men with the same tastes. They produced goods by themselves as well as in the form of subcontract, and they did not classify goods for male & female. Materials they used for cycle wears were mainly composed of jersey with spandex and nylon. The production ratio of cycle wears is shown as 80% for company A, 25% for company B, and 90% for company C. They make a pattern of cycle wears by a technical tie-up with foreign companies, or by the development of their own pattern. As the result of study on the present condition in wearing cycle wears according to each season, it was figured out that the users usually weard short-sleeved T-shirts with dividing zipper for summer upper garment, shorts most preferably for summer lower garment; long-sleeved shirts for spring and fall upper garment, and shorts with incision most preferably for spring and fall lower garment. Also, they usually weard jumpers with incision for winter upper garment, and long pants in which ankle parts of incision were tightened most preferably for winter lower garment.

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Removal of High Odor Concentration with Biofilter using Mixture of Earthworm Cast and Distillery Sludge (지렁이 분변토와 주정슬러지 혼합 배양액을 이용한 Biofilter에서의 고농도 악취제거)

  • Park, Jong-Woong;Jang, Seg-Joo
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.127-136
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    • 2014
  • Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the removal of high odor concentration from swine wastewater treatment facility by full scale biofilter using liquid with deodorant mixed with earthworm cast and distillery sludge. Methods: The supply of the culture liquid to the microorganism on the media in the biofilter increases the activity and growth of biomass. The experimental equipment was biofilter tower with treatment capacity of 90 m 3/min. The experimental conditions included gas flow of $60m^3/min$, retention time of 20 sec, and gas/liquid ratio of 67. Results: With changing season from winter to summer, the inlet odor concentration of ammonia increased from 2.5 ppm to 29 ppm, and of hydrogen sulfide from 21 ppm to 91 ppm, respectively. The odor treatment system with biofilter using the culture liquid was stable when the high loading rate increased and showed excellent removal grade with an average of 96.7% for ammonia, and an average of 93.7% for hydrogen sulfide. The pH and SCOD in the recirculating culture liquid near the bottom of the biofilter tower decreased with operation time, but its influence on the odor removal rate was negligible, because the organic matter (SCOD) was replaced by some culture liquid supplied 2-4 times per day. Conclusions: The biofilter using culture liquid could successfully remove high odor concentration which was generated from swine wastewater treatment facility.

Nutrients Removal of Municipal Wastewater and Lipid Extraction with Microalgae (조류를 이용한 하수고도처리 및 지질추출)

  • Park, Sangmin;Kim, Eunseok;Jheong, Weonhwa;Kim, Geunsu;Ahn, Kyunghee;Han, Jinseok;Kwon, Ohsang
    • Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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    • v.28 no.6
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    • pp.796-803
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    • 2012
  • Potential feasibility of nutrients removal and biofuel production with microalgae was evaluated in batch culture. Distribution of microalgae in fresh water including reservoir and river was investigated to search for the species with high content of lipid that could converted into biofuel. Green algae, Chlorella and Scenedesmus sp., these are known as species containing high lipid content for biodiesel production, were observed in both summer and autumn season. However another highly lipid-containing species, botryococcus sp. was not observed in this study. In mixed culture of microalgae using synthesized wastewater medium, green algae were found to be dominant, comparing to other species of diatoms and blue-green algae. And microalgae were also capable of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in batch experiments. During the culture period of 14 days, removal efficiencies of nitrate and phosphorus were 30% and 82%, respectively. Furthermore, content of the intracellular lipid extracted from algae cell was as favorable as 12-30% in the mixed culture where Scenedesmus and Chlorella sp. were dominant. Therefore the mixed culture of microalgae could be applied to biofuel production and tertiary wastewater treatment, even though there are economic barriers to overcome.