Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회지)

Korean Society on Water Environment (한국물환경학회)
권호 표지

Nutrients Removal of Municipal Wastewater and Lipid Extraction with Microalgae

조류를 이용한 하수고도처리 및 지질추출

  • Park, Sangmin (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Kim, Eunseok (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Jheong, Weonhwa (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Kim, Geunsu (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Ahn, Kyunghee (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Han, Jinseok (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research) ;
  • Kwon, Ohsang (Environmental Infrastructure Research Department, National Institute of Environment Research)
  • 박상민 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 김은석 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 정원화 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 김근수 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 안경희 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 한진석 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부) ;
  • 권오상 (국립환경과학원 환경기반연구부)
  • Published : 2012.11.30
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Potential feasibility of nutrients removal and biofuel production with microalgae was evaluated in batch culture. Distribution of microalgae in fresh water including reservoir and river was investigated to search for the species with high content of lipid that could converted into biofuel. Green algae, Chlorella and Scenedesmus sp., these are known as species containing high lipid content for biodiesel production, were observed in both summer and autumn season. However another highly lipid-containing species, botryococcus sp. was not observed in this study. In mixed culture of microalgae using synthesized wastewater medium, green algae were found to be dominant, comparing to other species of diatoms and blue-green algae. And microalgae were also capable of removing nitrogen and phosphorus in batch experiments. During the culture period of 14 days, removal efficiencies of nitrate and phosphorus were 30% and 82%, respectively. Furthermore, content of the intracellular lipid extracted from algae cell was as favorable as 12-30% in the mixed culture where Scenedesmus and Chlorella sp. were dominant. Therefore the mixed culture of microalgae could be applied to biofuel production and tertiary wastewater treatment, even though there are economic barriers to overcome.

Keywords

References

  1. Ahn, K. H., Lim, B. R., Jung, Y. H., Park, Y. J., and Song, K. G. (2003). Basic Research for Attached Algae and Microbial Community on the Secondary Settling Tank, Proceeding of Korean Water Congress Spring 2003, Korean society on water environment and Korean Society of Water and Wastewater, pp. 598-600. [Korean Literature]
  2. Bligh, E. G. and Dyer, W. J. (1959). A Rapid Method for Total Lipid Extraction and Purification, Canadian Journal of Biochemisty and Physiology, 37(8), pp. 911-917.
  3. Bradley, D. W., Robert, M. W., and Lance, C. S. (2011). Biodiesel Production by Simultaneous Extraction and Conversion of Total Lipids from Microalgae, Cyanobacteria, and wild mixed-cultures, Bioresource Technology, 102, pp. 2724-2730. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.11.026
  4. Bruton, T., Lyons, H., Lerat, Y., Stanley, M., and Rasmussen, M.B. (2009). A Review of the Potential of Marine Algae as a Source of Biofuel in Ireland, Sustainable Energy Ireland, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland, pp. 30.
  5. Chiu, S. Y., Kao, C. Y., Chen, C. H., Kuan, T. C., Ong, S. C., and Lin, C. S. (2008). Reduction of CO2 by a High Density Culture of Chlorella sp. in a Semicontinuous Photobioreactor, Bioresource Technology, 99, pp. 3389-3396. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.08.013
  6. Gouveia, L., marques, A. E., da Silva, T. L., and Reis, A. (2009). Neochloris oleabundans UTEX #1185: a suitable renewable lipid source for biofuel production, Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology, 36, pp. 821-826. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10295-009-0559-2
  7. IEA (2011). Technology Roadmap: Biofuels for Transport, International Energy Agency, Paris Cedex 15, France, pp. 1.
  8. Jo, B. H. and Cha, H. J. (2010). Biodiesel Production using Microalgal Marine Biomass, Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineering Journal, 25, pp. 109-115. [Korean Literature]
  9. John, F. and Valerie, S.-R. (2010). National Algal Biofuels Technology Roadmap, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, U.S. Department of Energy, pp. 1-7.
  10. Jung, J. and Cho, Y. K. (2008). Gwang-ju-sang-su-won-eui Sikmul-plankton, Water Research Institute, Gwangju Metropolitan Waterworks Authority, pp. 87. [Korean Literature]
  11. Lee, J. H., Lee, J. Y., and Park, J. H. (2010). Algal-Bacteria Interaction for Nutrient Removal and Algal Lipid Production in Wastewater-adapted Algal-Bacterial Communities, Proceeding of Korean Water Congress Spring 2010, Korean society on water environment and Korean Society of Water and Wastewater, pp. 135-136. [Korean Literature]
  12. Lee, J. H. and Park, J. H. (2010). Characterization of Biomass Production and Wastewater Treatability by High-Lipid Algal Species under Municipal Wastewater Condition, Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, 32(4), pp. 333-340. [Korean Literature]
  13. Lee, S. J., Kim, H. S., Yoon, B. D., and Oh, H. M. (1999). Advanced Treatment of Swine Wastewater by Botryococcus braunii in a Tubular Bioreactor, Korean Journal of applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 27(2), pp. 153-158. [Korean Literature]
  14. Liang, Y. N., Sarkany, N., and Cui, Y. (2009). Biomass and Lipid Productivities of Chlorella vulgaris under Autotrophic, Heterotrophic and Mixotrophic Growth Conditions, Biotechnology Letters, 31, pp. 1043-1049. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-009-9975-7
  15. Lim, B. R., Lee, K. S., Noh, S. Y., and Park, K. Y. (2008). Characteristics of Microalgal Growth on Anaerobic Effluent of Animal Waste, Journal of Korean society on water environment, 24(3), pp. 306-310. [Korean Literature]
  16. Li, X., Hu, H. Y, Gan, K., and Sun, Y. X. (2010). Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations on the Growth, Nutrient Uptake, and Lipid Accumulation of a Freshwater Microalgae Scenedesmus sp., Bioresource Technology, 101, pp. 5494-5500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.02.016
  17. Li, Y., Zhou, W., Hu, B., Min, M., Chen, P., and Ruan, R. R. (2011). Integration of Algae Cultivation as Biodiesel Production Feedstock with Municipal Wastewater Treatment: Strains Screening and Significance Evaluation of Environmental Factors, Bioresource Technology, 102, pp. 10861-10867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2011.09.064
  18. Martinez, M. E., Sanchez, S., Jimenez, J. M., El Yousfi, F., and Munoz, L. (2000). Nitrogen and phosphorus removal from urban wastewater by the microalgae Scenedesmus obliquus, Bioresource Technology, 73, pp. 263-272. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-8524(99)00121-2
  19. Mutanda, D., Ramesh, S., Karthikeyan, S., Kumari, A., and Anandraj, F. B. (2011). Bioprospecting for Hyper-lipid Producing Microalgal Strains for Sustainable Biofuel Production, Bioresource Technology, 102, pp. 57-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.077
  20. Oh, H. M., and Ahn, C. Y. (2009). $CO_2$ Fixation and Biodiesel Production using Microalgae, Korea Industrial Chemistry (KIC) News, 12(5), pp. 12-20. [Korean Literature]
  21. Park, J. I., Woo, H. C., and Lee, J. H. (2008). Production of Bio-energy from Marine Algae: Status and Perspectives, Korean Chemical Engineering Research, 46(5), pp. 833-844. [Korean Literature]
  22. Rodolfi, L., Zittelli, G. C., Bassi, N., Padovani, G., Biondi, N., Bonini, G., and Tredici, M. R. (2009). Microalgae for Oil: Strain Selection, Induction of Lipid Synthesis and Outdoor Mass Cultivation in a Low-cost photobioreactor, Biotechnology Bioengineering, 102, pp. 100-112. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22033
  23. Singh, A., Singh, P., Nigam, J., and Murpy, D. (2011a). Mechanism and challenges in commercialisation of algal biofuels, Bioresource Technology, 102, pp. 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.057
  24. Singh, A., Singh, P., Nigam, J., and Murpy, D. (2011b). Renewable Fuels from Algae: An Answer to Debatable Land Based Fuels, Bioresource Technology, 102, pp. 10-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2010.06.032
  25. Wang, L., Min, M., Li, Y., Chen, P., Chen, Y., Lui, Y., Wang, Y. K., and Ruan, R. (2009). Cultivation of Green Algae Chlorella sp. in Different Wastewaters from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant, Applied Biochemisty and Biotechnology, 164, pp. 1174-1186.
  26. Woertz, I., Feffer, A., Lundquist, T., and Nelson, Y. (2009). Algae Grown on Dairy and Municipal Wastewater for Simultaneous Nutrient Removal and Lipid Production for Biofuel Feedstock, Journal of Environmental Engineering, 135(11), pp. 1115-1122. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000129