• 한국균학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.179-183
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• 1985

Cylindrocarpon속균(屬菌)이 딸기가 재배(栽培)되는 포장(圃場)의 토양(土壤)에서 토양희석법(土壤稀釋法)으로 분리(分離)되었다. 감자한천배지에서 일주일에 10 mm정도 자라는 균(菌)이며 회백색의 conidial slime을 형성(形成)한다. 균사(菌絲)에서 침상의 phialide의 분생자경(分生子梗)으로 분지(分枝)되고 그위에 소형분생포자(小型分生胞子)와 대형분생포자(大型分生胞子)를 형성(形成)한다. 대형분생포자(大型分生胞子)는 $1{\sim}3$개(個)의 격막(隔膜)을 가지며 크기는 $22{\sim}45{\times}5{\sim}6.5\;{\mu}m$이고 무색원통형(無色圓筒形)으로 양끝은 반원형(半圓形)이다. 후막포자(厚膜胞子)는 water agar상에서 균사(菌絲)의 중간(中間)이나 정단부(頂端部)에서 하나 혹 연쇄상으로 형성(形成)된다. 포자(胞子)나 균사(菌絲)는 서로 쉽게 격합(隔合)된다. 병징(病徵)은 지상부(地上部)에서는 위축(萎縮)되든지 황화(黃化)되며 지하부(地下部)의 뿌리는 썩어 병원성(病原性)이 인정(認定)되었다. 본균(本菌)은 포자(胞子)의 형태(形態), 균사(菌絲)의 생장(生長)과 병원성검정(病原性檢定)을 통(通)하여 Cylindrocarpon destructans Scholten으로 동정(同定)되었다.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.118-118
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• 2003

The occurrence of Fusarium wilt in strawberry fields in Korea was assessed from 2001 to 2003. Fusarium wilt was found from June to August in nursery beds, from September to October after planting in production beds, and from January to March during harvest. The symptoms seen were root rots, discolored vascular tissue in the crown and deformation and yellowing of central leaflets. The disease occurred in up to 30％ of plants in 37 of 214 fields surveyed. Fusarium of sporum Schlecht. ex Fr. f. sp. fragariae was frequently isolated from cvs. Dochiodome, Maehyang, Redpearl, Samaberry and Akihime. Factors affecting the occurrence of Fusarium wilt were investigated; infested soils had high salt concentrations, low pH, OM, average P2O5 and exchangeable. Fusarium wilt was more frequent following conventional basal fertilization than after non-nitrogen basal fertilization and more frequent following the use of NH4-N than after NO3-N.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.583-588
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate the potential of nitrate-nonutilizing mutants (nit mutants) in ecological studies of Fusarium disease of strawberry. Nit mutants of Fusarium oxysporum from strawberry were easily formed on chlorate-containing media. Nit mutants were assigned to three phenotypic classes, nit1, nit3, and NitM, on the basis of their growth on media containing one of the following five different nitrogen sources ; nitrate, nitrite, hypoxanthine, ammonium and uric acid. Frequency of nit mutation and proportion of three phenotypes of nit mutants depended on the isolate. Mutation rate was 45.6% and ranged from 15.0% to 95.0%. The frequency of nit1 mutants was higher than that of nit3 or NitM. The complementary reaction between nit1 and NitM was higher than that of other combination. There has been no complementary response observed between nit3 and nit3. The nit mutants showed similar growth pattern as the that of wild type isolate on potato sucrose agar and potato sucrose liquid media. Most of the mutants retained pathogenicity, and maintained their phenotypes even after two year preservation through subculture on slanted PSA at room temperature. Nit mutants were selctively isolated from infested soil and infected plants on the selective medium (MMCPA) containing potassium chlorate with their original phenotypes, while naturally occurring isolates of Fusarium oxysporum were not grow on the medium. On the contrary, nit mutants showed very slight growth on the medium (MMPA) containing nitrate as a sole nitrogen source, and therefore could be distinguished from wild type isolate.

• 식물병연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.84-88
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• 2019

A variety of microorganisms in rhizosphere affect plant health by plant growth promotion, mitigation of abiotic stresses as well as protection from pathogen attacks. In our previous study, we selected a bacterium, Bacillus mesonae H20-5, for alleviation of salinity stress in tomato plants. In this study, we verified the effect of a liquid formulation of B. mesonae H20-5 (TP-H20-5) on fruit production and phytochemical accumulation including lycopene and polyphenol in cherry tomato and strawberry fruits in on-farm tests of protected cultivation under salinity stress. When vegetables including tomato, cherry tomato, strawberry, and cucumber were treated with TP-H20-5 by irrigated systems, final marketable yields were increased by 21.4% (cherry tomato), 9.3% (ripen tomato), 120.6% (strawberry), and 14.5% (cucumber) compared to untreated control. Moreover, treatment of TP-H20-5 was showed increase of phytochemicals such as lycopene and total polyphenol compared to untreated control in cherry tomato and strawberry. Therefore, these results indicated that a formulant of B. mesonae H20-5 can be used as a potential biofertilizer for increasing fruit production and quality.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.427-435
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• 2019

최근 경남 산청, 함양의 딸기 재배지역의 육묘하우스에서 딸기 묘목의 뿌리와 관부를 썩게 하고 지상부의 생육을 저해하며 최종적으로 식물체를 시들게 하는 뿌리썩음병(가칭)증상이 발생하였다. 이러한 병반을 나타내는 딸기 식물체 뿌리와 관부로부터 병원균을 분리하고 균학적 특성을 조사하였으며, 유전자 염기서열 분석과 계통학적 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 딸기 육묘과정에서 발생한 뿌리썩음병(가칭)의 병원균은 Neopestalotiopsis clavispora로 확인되었으며, 건전한 딸기 식물체를 대상으로 접종실험을 수행한 결과 딸기에 대한 병원성을 확인하였다. 지금까지 국내에서 N. clavispora에 의한 딸기 뿌리썩음병이 보고되지 않았으므로 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 이병을 딸기뿌리썩음병으로 국내 최초로 보고한다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.97-100
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• 2010

2009년 진주시 수곡면 딸기 노지재배 육묘 포장과 하동군 옥종면 촉성재배 시설하우스 딸기포장에서 병이 발생하였다. 병징은 잎에 수침상의 작은 반점이 서서히 생기면서 엽맥의 주위에 다각형의 모무늬 병반이 나타나고 노란색의 달무리가 형성하는 것이 특징이다. 병든 잎은 서서히 시들고 암갈색으로 말라 죽는다. YDC 배지 상에서 병원균의 균총은 노란색을 띤 오랜지 색소를 분비하며 둥근 콜로니를 형성하고 단극모를 가지고 있다. 딸기에 접종한 결과 병원성이 잘 나타났다. 이상과 같이 딸기에 발생한 병정, 병원균의 특징 및 병원성을 검정한 결과 Xanthomonas fragariae에 의한 딸기 세균성모무늬병으로 동정하였다.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.445-451
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• 1998

A severe Phytophthora rot of strawberry caused by a species of Phytophthora has been widely occurred at major cultivation areas of Kimhae on August in 1997. Incidence of the disease was obtained in the range of 69.2~83.6% in surveyed 4 fields and showed an average of 75.2%. A species of Phytophthora was mostly isolated from the crown of infected strawberry plants and all the isolates were identified as P. nicotianae var. nicotianae (=P. parasitica). The fungus showed strong pathogenicity on strawberry by inoculation test. As a result of the leaf inoculation using mycelial disks of the fungus, both leaves and petioles were darkly browned, and were finally blighted. As a result of the root inoculation of zoospore suspension, both roots and crowns were rotten with dark brown. Although the fungus produced sporangia either on V-8 juice agar medium or liquid medium, the sporangia observed on the liquid medium appeared to be broadly turbinate and noncaducous. Moreover the fungus cultured on the liquid medium often produced sporangia having two papilla. The number of zoospores in sporangia was found to be ranged from 3 or 4 to as many as 20 or 25. In addition, the released zoospore from the sporangium became the cystospore during the prolonged culture of the fungus. The sporangia were measured as av. 49$\times$35 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ with l/b ratio of 1.43. All isolates from crowns were heterothallic and A1 mating type since oospores were abundantly formed on clarified V-8 juice agar by dual culture with P. capsici A2 mating type. Aplerotic oospores were sized 24-26 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Antheridia were always amphigynous and recoreded an average of 12$\times$10 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Hyphal swlling were easily observed, and terminal or intercalary chlamydospores were abundantly formed on V-8 juice agar as well as in C/Z solution and sized av. 28.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. This is the first report of Phytophthora rot of strawberry in Korea.

• 한국식물병리학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.646-650
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• 1998

Mycological characteristics of Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae SPC10 (A1 type) causing Phytophthora rot of strawberry and the resistances of 11 strawberry cultivars against the pathogen were examined. Optimum temperature for the mycelial growth of the pathogen was obtained in the range of 30~35$^{\circ}C$, and the growth was completely stopped under 13$^{\circ}C$ or over 42$^{\circ}C$. Aerial mycelia were abundant on oatmeal agar (OMA), V-8 juice agar (V8A) and lima bean agar (LBA) medium, although there were slight differences, however, on cornmeal agar (CMA) medium, it was a shape of stellate without aerial mycelia. The colony shape on potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium was rough and irregular whereas the mycelial growth was slow, and some aerial mycelia were only produced in the middle of PDA medium. Optimum temperature for sporangial formation was 3$0^{\circ}C$, and zoospores were mostly released at $25^{\circ}C$ from the sporangia. Sporangia were more produced in C/Z solution with pH 5. 0~6.$0^{\circ}C$ than sterilized distilled water (DSW) and distilled water (DW), and zoospores were also released much more than other solutions. Eleven strawberry cultivars such as Reiko, Hokowase, Eyeberry, Akaneko, Sistakara, Toyonoka, Nyoho, Sulhong, Suhong, Myhong and Wonkyo #3104 revealed the disease incidence up to 88.9~100% by the leaf inoculation with mycelial disk. However, Nyoho and Suhong showed higher level of resistance against the pathogen by root inoculation.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2015

딸기에는 여러 가지 병이 발생하여 경제적으로 막대한 손실을 유발하며 많은 양의 농약이 사용되고 있는 실정이다. 최근 유기농산물과 식품안전성에 관한 소비자의 관심이 증가함에 따라 화학농약 대체제에 의한 병해 방제법 개발이 다각적으로 시도되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 광범위 소독제로 사용하고 있는 NaDCC의 딸기 주요 병원균(딸기 시들음병, 딸기 탄저병, 딸기 역병 그리고 딸기 세균성모무늬병)에 대한 항균활성 및 방제효과를 검증하고, 친환경제제로의 가능성을 확인하고자 수행되었다. NaDCC는 150~300 ppm 농도로 처리했을 때 병원진균의 균사생장을 효과적으로 억제하였고, 포자 발아율도 68% 이상 경감시키는 것으로 조사되었다. NaDCC는 딸기 세균성모무늬 병원균에 대하여서도 우수한 방제효과를 나타내었는데, 포장조건에서 딸기 세균성 모무늬병의 발생을 50% 감소시키는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 NADCC는 딸기 병 방제용 방제제 후보물질로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다.

• 식물병연구
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.61-68
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• 2022

딸기에 발생하는 흰가루병과 점박이응애는 수확기 문제되는 주요 병해충이다. 딸기 수확기 병해충방제를 위해 적용 약제를 처리하지만 최근에는 소비자의 요구에 따라 친환경적 병해충 방제 방법이 요구되고 있다. 딸기 정식 후 자외선 램프(ultraviolet B, UV-B)를 이용한 친환경 병해충 방제효과를 조사하기 위해 수확기 토경과 수경재배로 2년 동안 시험을 수행하였다. 설향, 킹스베리, 두리향 품종을 정식하였으며 UV-B 램프+멀칭 종류(흑색, 녹색, 빛반사시트[light reflection sheet, LRS])별 4처리로 시험을 수행하였다. 처리는 UV-B+흑색 또는 녹색 멀칭, UV-B+흑색 또는 녹색+LRS, 무처리로 하였다. UV-B 램프 처리에 의한 흰가루병은 모든 품종에서 65% 이상의 방제효과를 보였다. 점박이응애 성충밀도는 UV-B+흑색 또는 녹색+LRS 멀칭 처리가 다른 처리보다 가장 낮았다. 따라서 딸기 수확기에 UV-B 램프 처리는 식물체에 미치는 영향도 적으며 흰가루병과 점박이응애 밀도를 낮추는 데 효과적인방제방법이될수있다.