• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.16B no.4
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• pp.309-318
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• 2009

The researches on the system that automatically records and retrieves one's everyday life is relatively actively worked recently. These systems, called personal memex or life log, usually entail dedicated devices such as SenseCam in MyLifeBits project. This research paid attention to the digital devices such as mobile phones, credit cards, and digital camera that people use everyday. The system enables a person to store everyday life systematically that are saved in the devices or the deviced-related web pages (e.g., phone records in the cellular phone company) and to refer this quickly later. The data collection agent in the proposed system, called MyMemex, collects the personal life log "web data" using the web services that the web sites provide and stores the web data into the server. The "file data" stored in the off-line digital devices are also loaded into the server. Each of the file data or web data is viewed as a memex event that can be described by 4W1H form. The different types of data in different services are transformed into the memex event data in 4W1H form. The memex event ontology is used in this transform. Users can sign in to the web server of this service to view their life logs in the chronological manner. Users can also search the life logs using keywords. Moreover, the life logs can be viewed as a diary or story style by converting the memex events to sentences. The related memex events are grouped to be displayed as an "episode" by a heuristic identification method. A result with high accuracy has been obtained by the experiment for the episode identification using the real life log data of one of the authors.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.623-629
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• 1996

Bronchial carcinoid tumors are uncommon, constituting approximately 5% of all primary lung cancers. Carcinoid tumors belong to the calss of neuroendocrine tumors that consist of cells that can store and secrete neuramines and neuropeptides. Neuroendocrine tumors of the lung include three pathologic types : a low-grade malignancy, the so-called 'typical carcinoid', a more aggressive tumor, the "atypical carcinoid", and the most aggressive malignant neoplasm, the small-cell carcinoma. Atypical carcinoid tumor have a higher malignant potential, is more commonly peripheral than is the typical carcinoid tumor. Histologic features would characterize a carcinoid as hitologically atypical : increased mitotic activity, pleomorphism and irregularity of neuclei with promonent nucleoli, hyperchromatin, and abnormal nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, areas of increased cellularity with disorganization of architecture, and areas of tumor necrosis. Metastatic involvement of regional lymph nodes and distant organ is common. The prognosis is related to size of the tumor, typical of atypical appearance, endoluminal of extraluminal growth, vascular invasion, node metastasis, Pulmonary resection is the treatement of choice for bronchial carcinoid. We experienced one case of bronchopulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor. In the case, radiologic study showed solitary lung mass with liver metastasis and the level of 5-HIAA was elevated. There was no history of cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, valvular heart disease. The authors reported a case of bronchopulmonary atypical carcinoid tumor with review of literatures.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.123-129
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• 2010

The infestation status of anisakid type larvae was investigated in migrating chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta), with different condition (captured area, sex, body portion) during 2006~2008. The mean infection number of anisakid larvae per individual female and male fish captured from Namdae river was $98{\pm}27$, $103{\pm}27$, respectively. The mean infection number of anisakid larvae per individual female and male fish captured from the coastal area of Yangyang was $63{\pm}18$ and $108{\pm}17$, respectively. The anisakid larvae were mainly found in abdominal muscles (85%) but only a little in the visceral portion. Two types of anisakid larvae (A. simplex, Contracaecum type) were identified but other anisakid larvae were not detected. To investigate the effect of storing temperature on the viability of anisakid larvae, the section of abdominal muscle were stored at different temperature (room temperature, $4^{\circ}C$, $-20^{\circ}C$, $-80^{\circ}C$). As a result, it was necessary to store at $-20^{\circ}C$ for more than 6 hrs to kill the larvae. The present results revealed that chum salmon caught in Korea are heavily infected with anisakid larvae, mainly in the abdominal muscle, and A. simplex was dominantly found in this study.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.825-836
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• 2010

The advancement of electronic records brought great changes of the records management system. One of the biggest changes is the transition from passive to automatic management system, which manages massive records more efficiently. The integrated Rule-Oriented Data System (iRODS) is a rule-oriented grid system S/W which provides an infrastructure for building massive archive through virtualization. It also allows to define rules for data distribution and back-up. Therefore, iRODS is an ideal tool to build an electronic record management system that manages electronic records automatically. In this paper we describe the issues related to design and implementation of the electronic record management system using iRODS. We also propose a system that serves automatic processing of distribution and back-up of records according to their types by defining iRODS rules. It also provides functions to store and retrieve metadata using iRODS Catalog (iCAT) Database.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.19
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• pp.191-223
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• 2003

Electronic commerce and the Internet offer unprecedented opportunities. The explosive expansion of the use of the Internet makes it possible for businesses to expand their markets and render services. Global transaction costs are easy to cut off using Internet and transaction speed is faster than before. Where cyberspace is not free from claims, Offline transaction can lead to problems and disputes the same is for cyberspace transactions. However ADR is not meet for the online transaction for speed, cost and open network system, ODR methods to resolve electronic commerce conflicts is crucial for building confidence and permitting access to justice in an online business environment. The use of the Internet and the network in dispute resolution has an impact on the types of communication implied in the relevant processes such as automated negotiation, online mediation and online arbitration and involves new technological issues such as the integrity and confidentiality of data and communication used to transmit and store data. Among the ODR systems Online Arbitration is currently binding both parties disputed and can achieve the aim of dispute award the same as the traditional arbitration. Arbitration is based on the New York Convention 1958, Arbitration Model law 1985 and national Arbitration Act that are founded on territorial area and rested on arbitration agreement, constitution of the arbitral tribunal, due process, final and binding award and enforcement of the arbitration award. To compare with this issues Online arbitration has unnecessarily legal unstability and risk. ODR is the burgeoning field and has created a new issues. All such issues which have been debated in the ADR are composed with ODR. But these are not limited Some of issues are further complicated by the nature of the online environment such as confidentiality and principle of parties. It is true that online arbitration should comply with legal provisions, but which is impossible to adhere of the law. Flexible translation and functional equivalence of legal provisions are needed for acceptance of electronic commerce disputes. Finally electronic commerce now takes place on the Internet, it is inevitable that the commercial world wants access to dispute resolution process that best suits the new commercial environment. ODR methods are processing for development and legal issues are considered by both national and international authorities. Introduction of new Conventions or amend Convention and Model law of ODR comes near.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.71-81
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• 2018

Purpose - Our research aims to investigate the mediating effect of employee creativity on the relationship between intrinsic motivation and job performance using relationship using Chinese department salespeople samples. Another objective of this study is to be clear boundary conditions that strengthen or weaken the effects of intrinsic motivation on work outcomes (i.e., employee creativity and job performance). Drawing on JD-R theory, we suggest that the two types of coworker support play differential moderating roles in the intrinsic motivation, employee creativity relationship by increasing or decreasing job resources and demands in different ways. Research design, data, and methodology - This empirical study data were collected from gathered from a sample of full time salespeople in China. A total of 550 questionnaires were distributed and 300 responses were collected, indicating a response rate of 84.0%. Working with a sample of 300 salespeople working in a department store in China. SPSS 18.0, Process 2.16 Macro, and M-Plus 8.0 software were used in the data analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the distribution of the employee profiles and correlations between variables. M-Plus 8.0 software was used to test the model fit, validity and reliability of the variables. Finally, all research hypotheses was estimated by SPSS Macro 2.16. Results - To test our research hypotheses, we employed an analytical strategy suggested by Hayes (2013; 2015) and Shrout and Bolger (2002). In this study, we tested the relationship between intrinsic motivation and job performance throughout employee creativity. Results showed intrinsic motivation and job performance was partially mediated by employee creativity. The positive relationship between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity when coworker emotional support was high than when it was low. In contrast, the positive association between intrinsic motivation and employee creativity was stronger when coworker instrumental support was low than when it was high. Coworker emotional and instrumental support further moderated the indirect effect of intrinsic motivation on job performance through employee creativity. Conclusions - This study extends the conceptual model and empirical researches in coworker supports literature by representing a fundamental mechanism of how salespeople's intrinsic motivation and job performance throughout employee creativity.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.77-83
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• 2018

A modular robot that memorizes motion can be easily created and operated because it expresses by hand. However, since there is not enough storage space in the module to store the user-created operation, it is impossible to reuse the created operation, and when the modular robot again memorizes the operation, it changes to another operation. There is no main controller capable of operating a plurality of modular robots at the same time, and thus there is a disadvantage that the user must input directly to the modular robot. To overcome these disadvantages, a remote controller has been proposed that can be operated in the surrounding smart devices by designing web server and component based software using wired and wireless network. In the proposed method, various types of structures are created by connecting to a modular robot, and the reconstructed operation is performed again after storing, and the usefulness is confirmed by regenerating the stored operation effectively. In addition, the reliability of the downloaded trajectory data is verified by analyzing the difference between the trajectory data and the actual trajectory. In the future, the trajectory stored in the remote controller will be standardized using the artificial intelligence technique, so that the operation of the modular robot will be easily implemented.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 2016

This study aimed to evaluate the commercialized packaging status of tomato and paprika, and to investigate the effect of different packaging materials on the quality of tomato and paprika during storage. Packaging statuses were surveyed at a department store, wholesale market, and supermarket in Seoul, Korea. Materials used for packaging tomato and paprika were cartons, polypropylene (PP), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), polystyrene (PS), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Tomato and paprika were packaged by using corrugated boxes, Styrofoam trays, PP film, and PVC film. The weight loss and hardness of non-packaged tomato and paprika were significantly different after 48 hr to the initial values (p<0.05). Box-packaged tomatoes had the lowest pH values and showed significantly higher soluble solid contents (p<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in among other packaging materials. For paprika, the ${\Delta}E$ values of PVC wrapping were higher than those of other packagings. Hence, the results demonstrated that a corrugated box with PP film and PP film bags with four holes plus wire-tying were most able to maintain the overall qualities of tomato and paprika, respectively, during storage.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.313-327
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• 1996

As an at-reactor(AR) storage method o( spent fuel, there are horizontal concrete module type, metal storage cask type, concrete storage cask type, dual purpose (transportation and storage) cask type and multi-purpose (transportation, storage and disposal) cask type. All other types except multi-purpose one have been already used for AR dry storage of spent fuels after obtaining operation license in various foreign countries. Also the development of multi-purpose type has been continued for operation license. In America, Japan, Germany, Canada, Spain, Switzerland, and Czech Republic, etc., AR dry storage facilities are under operation or on propulsion, and spent fuels are transported to interim storage facility or reprocessing plant after dry storage at reactor temporarily. At Wolsung site, in case of Korea, concrete silo type has already been introduced, and it is believed to be inevitable to store spent fuels at reactor temporarily, considering the reality that storage capacity of spent fuel is approaching to the limit in some nuclear power plants. In this report, the system characteristics, design requirements, technical standards and status of AR storage system, which is suitable for domestic site such as Kori, have been studied. In most cases, the licensed period of storage cask is limited up to 20 years and the integrity of material and maintenance of leaktightness are required during the whole service life.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.59-75
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the degree of utilization of outsourcing in large hospitals in Korea. We also investigated the outcome and the level of satisfaction for adopting outsourcing in these hospitals. Types of work areas that were currently operated by outsourcing and were planned to adopt outsourcing in the future were identified. A total of 83 hospitals were eligible for this study, which had more than 500 beds, and were identified from the 2003 National Hospital List published by the Korean Hospital Association. A self-administered Questionnaire survey was conducted between April 25th and May 20th in 2003 with a personnel being charged of arrangement of outsourcing in each hospital. Among the 58 hospitals responding the survey(response rate=69.9%), 49 hospitals(84.5%) utilized outsourcing in at least one work field in their organizations. The largest proportion of the hospitals(85.7%) using outsourcing responded that the biggest outcome after introducing outsourcing were cost reduction(49.0%), followed by improved efficiency in operating the organization or human resources(34.7%) and the improved quality of the work(6.1%). The degree of satisfaction for outsourcing among the hospital managers(3.43) was significantly higher than that among the employees(3.l4) on a S-point Likert-type scale(p<0.05). Among the 7 work areas, the hospitals used outsourcing most frequently in facility management(housekeeping, building maintenance, hospital security and parking management), followed by non-medical profit business(funeral, convenient store, and cafeteria), logistics(provision of patient meal, in-house delivery, and purchasing), and information and computing system(hospital information system, maintenance of personal computers and printers). The work areas that the hospitals planned to adopt or expand the outsourcing in the future most frequently were facility management, non-medical profit business, logistics, and information and computing systems. In conclusion, outsourcing was highly diffused in large Korean hospitals, particularly in the work field of facility management and non-medical profit business. The satisfaction for outsourcing was not high yet in Korean hospitals.