• 설비공학논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.187-197
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• 1993

In this study, the numerical analysis and experiments of the hot water storage using the thermal stratification techniques were carried out. The CPU time for a typical run of the the thermal stratification up to 900 seconds took one week for a $81{\times}31$ mesh size and 10 days for a $118{\times}31$ mesh size, respectively, for a cylindrical shape of the storage. In the initial stage, the numerical results were in favorable agreement with the experimental results, but it showed that the temperature gradients in the storage decreased gradually with time. It was also found that the increase of ${\delta}t$ decreased the convergent speed due to the intensive fluctuation of the velocity field in every iteration. The increase of numbers of grids is projected to forecast a more accurate result, but it made the computing time longer and woul slow down convergence. At the experiments of the flow visualization, it was confirmed that the thermal stratification was apparently built up due to the installation of diffuser at the lower part of the storage. Thus, the thermal performance of the storage could be improved by installing the diffusers at the inlet and outlet.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2015

As the development of Battery Energy Storage System(BESS) and the increasing of intermittent energy sources like wind power and photovoltaic, the application of BESS in load frequency control is considered as an effective method. To evaluate the effectiveness of BESS application in frequency control, we defined a governor free model of BESS to conduct dynamic simulation. Using the BESS dynamic model, we implemented the power system dynamic model including steam, gas and hydro turbine generators. In this paper we study the control performance of BESS in primary frequency control. The effect of BESS speed regulation rate and response time on governor free operation is investigated. In addition, we compared BESS from steam turbine generator in view point of frequency regulation.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.195-202
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• 2012

In this paper, we designed Active Magnetic Bearing (AMB) for large scale Superconductor Flywheel Energy Storage System (SFESS) and PD controller for AMB. And we experimentally evaluated SFESS including hybrid type AMB. The radial AMB was designed to provide force slew rate that was sufficient for the unbalance disturbances at the maximum operating speed. The thrust AMB is a hybrid type where a permanent magnet carries the weight of the flywheel and an electromagnetic actuator generates the dynamic control force. We evaluated the design performance of the manufactured AMB through comparison of FEM analysis and the results of experimental force measurement. In order to obtain gains of PD controller and design a notch filter, the system identification was performed through measuring frequency response including dynamics for the AMBs, a power amp and a sensor using a sine swept test method after levitating the flywheel. Through measuring the current input of the AMBs and the orbit of a flywheel according to rotational speed, we verified excellent control performance of the AMBs with small amount current for the large scale SFESS.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전기기기및에너지변환시스템부문B
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• 제51권11호
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• pp.635-644
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• 2002

Many generating units can be in parallel connection to one battery and inverter. However, one of the biggest problems we encountered is that wind speed is fluctuated sharply in accordance with the unstable weather conditions. To solve this problem, we need energy storage equipment such as storage lead-acid battery. We design a system and analyze its modeling so that it supplies a stable power to the load through DC-AC inverter part. In this paper, we applied dual step-up/down buck-boost converter and dual high-frequency half-bridge converter to the proposed system. These converters are used to store energy in the battery regardless of the change of the wind speed. The operation process of two proposed types of converters for high-power battery charging is discussed along with simulation and experimental result. We design a charging circuit which is applicable in the actual wind power generation system for 30kw and confirm the circuit's validity.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권3호
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• pp.404-410
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• 2016

This paper proposed a program of an energy storage system(ESS) for peak shaving of high-speed railway substations The peak shaving saves cost of equipment and demand cost of the substation. To reduce the peak load, it is very important to know when the peak load appears. The past data based load profile forecasting method is easy and applicable to customers which have relatively fixed load profiles. And an optimal scheduling method of the ESS is helpful in reducing the electricity tariff and shaving the peak load efficiently. Based on these techniques, MS. NET based peak shaving program is developed. In case study, a specific daily load profile of the local substation was applied and simulated to verify performance of the proposed program.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2006

As high performance and high speed have been accomplished by technology of optical disk drive. optical disk drives have gradually high percentage of the market share in market of storage devices. This technology helps to improve the quality of record/reproduction. However, simultaneously it causes various problems in the structural aspect and increases noise largely. Especially at high speed, dominant noise is more influenced by fluid noise than by structure-borne noise. The purpose of this study is that reduce the air-born noise in optical disk drive as it decreases a quantity of flow by using a micro muffler. The micro muffler is a miniaturized muffler. The muffler is used widely by solution to reduce air-borne noise which is generated by flow. According to frequency band of the noise source, it can be applied by muffler of various forms. In this study, we examined the acoustic characteristics of the micro muffler and applied it to reduction of the ODD noise. It could get an excellent noise reduction in high frequency band through the decrease of an inner flow. But it could not get a noise reduction in low frequency band.

• 정보저장시스템학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2005

Rewritable optical disk is one of the essential data storage media in these days, which takes advantage of the different optical properties in the amorphous and crystalline states of phase change materials. As well known, data transfer rate is one of the most important parameter of the phase change optical disks, which is mostly limited by the crystallization speed of recording media. Therefore, we doped Sn/Bi to $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ alloy in order to improve the crystallization speed and investigated the dependence of phase change characteristics on Sn/Bi doping concentration. The Sn/Bi doped $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ thin film was deposited by RF magnetron co-sputtering system and phase change characteristics were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), static tester, UV-visible spectrophotometer, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Optimum doping concentration of Bi and Sn were 5${\~}$6 at.$\%$ and the minimum time for crystallization was below than 20 ns. This improvement is correlated with the simple crystalline structure of Sn/Bi doped $Ge_2Sb_2Te_5$ and the reduced activation barrier arising from Sn/Bi doping. The results indicate that Sn/Bi might play an important role in the transformation kinetics of phase change materials..

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.65-70
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 BGA(Ball Grid Array) 솔더 접합부에 high impact가 가해졌을 경우 접합부의 기계적 특성에 대해서 연구하였다. 시편은 ENIG(Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold) 표면 처리된 FR-4 기판 위에 직경이 500 ${\mu}m$인 Sn-37Pb 솔더볼을 BGA 방식으로 배열하고 리플로우(Reflow)를 통하여 제작하였다. HTS(High Temperature Storage) 테스트를 위해, 시편을 일정한 온도의 $120^{\circ}C$에서 250시간 동안 시효처리(Aging)를 실시하였다. 시효처리 후, 각각의 시편은 고속 전단 시험기(Dage-4000HS)를 이용하여 속도 변수는 0.01, 0.1, 1, 3 m/s로 설정하여 고속전단 시험을 실시하였다. 전단시험 후, 솔더 접합 계면과 파면을 주사전자현미경(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)을 통하여 관찰하였다. 솔더 접합 계면에는 $Ni_3Sn_4$의 금속간 화합물이 성장하였으며, 시효처리 후, 솔더 접합 계면에 생성된 금속간 화합물의 두께가 증가하는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었다. 전단 시험 결과, 전단 속도가 빨라짐에 따라 전단 강도값은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 솔더 접합부의 파단은 전단 속도와 시효처리 시간에 따라 다양한 파괴 모드로 진행됨을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 파괴 모드는 연성파괴 형상을 보이다가 전단속도가 증가함에 따라 취성 파괴 형상으로 변하는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.195-203
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• 2011

Not only does the labor of manufacturers used most in the drying process after rice harvest, but it also is having huge influence in quality. Also, because drying storage of rice production around the whole country is scarce with original facility, it has become a very important matter that farms develop their own safe and high-quality facilities to store and dry rice. Therefore, this study developed a small scale accumulated storage and drying bin, assessed nalyzed drying properties, and conducted analysis of research on the property of quality when storing for a long time. As a result, the drying speed of the small scale accumulated storage and drying bin was adequate of 0.042%/hr and was shown that the experimental static pressure and theoretical static pressure corresponded. Also, it was shown that drying cost was up to about 6 times inexpensive that heated air drying. For the storage of the small scale accumulated storage and drying bin, average of moisture content was around 16.5 until early April and decreased to 15.7% in July. Inside storage was maintained to 12.13% until early April and slightly increased to 14% after May. It was shown that inside storage had higher hardness and rate of cracking than the small scale accumulated storage and drying bin by storage conditions and germination rate was shown a little higher when stored in the small scale accumulated storage and drying bin.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.2021-2030
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• 2011

This thesis paper is on the management of Energy Storage System for the catenary source stabilization of KTX's high-speed train section. It is the algorism that is to utilize on the voltage drop at the end and peak power suppression of the substation by supplying from the end, compensating consuming energy when the KTX retrogresses, by installing Energy Storage System at the end of the substation where is the section post. The algorism which this thesis is to utilize is verified through the catenary voltage modeling and simulation of the power conversion system, and the system validity of the Korail's Yongjeong section post which is currently in management is in the application review phase.