• 제목/요약/키워드: Stomach Content

검색결과 135건 처리시간 0.026초

양식, 방류 및 자연산 감성돔 1년어의 소화기관 및 체성분 비교 (Comparison of Digestive Organ and Body Composition among the Cultured, Wild and Released Fish, 1-Year Black Sea Bream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli))

  • 지승철;유진형;정관식;명정구;이시우;고현정
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제37권6호
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    • pp.462-468
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    • 2004
  • In order to evaluate adaptation to the environment in released fish, digestive organ and body composition were compared among 1-year old cultured (CUL), released (REL) and wild (WIL) Black Sea Bream, Acanthopagrus schlegeli. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) of the REL was significantly lower than those of the CUL and WIL fish, but intestine weight index (IWI) of REL was significantly higher than those of the CUL and WIL fish. There were no significant differences in stomach weight index (SWI) and condition facto. (CF) among those different fish groups. The number of pyloric caeca of the REL and WIL fish were 4, but the $30{\%}$ of CUL fish was 3 counts. The moisture content of whole body in the WIL fish was significantly higher than the CUL and REL fish, but significant lowest in the crude lipid of whole body. The content of moisture and crude protein of dorsal muscle were no significant differences among the CUL, REL and WIL fish, but crude lipid content of WIL fish was significantly lower than the CUL and REL fish. Moisture content of CUL fish in the liver was significantly lower than the REL and WIL fish, and crude lipid was significant lowest in the WIL fish. Amino acid content of dorsal muscle in the WIL fish was highest in the total amino acid, EAA and E/A ratio, and CUL fish was highest EAA and E/A ratio in liver. EPA content in dorsal muscle of WIL fish was lower than CUL and REL fish, and the REL fish was highest in DHA content of the fatty acid. EPA content in liver of WIL fish was lower than CUL and REL fish, and DHA content in REL and WIL fish was highest and lowest. Crude protein content of CUL and WIL fish in the scale was significantly higher than REL fish, but there were no significant differences in contents of crude lipid and ash. Ca and P of scale were formed most of mineral and content of P in CUL fish was significantly higher than those of REL and WIL fish. There were no significant differences in Mg, K, Na and S of scale, but CUL fish was significantly lower than REL fish in C1. The results suggest that difference of digestive organs and body composition concluded it from differences of inhabitation environment and feed formulations.

A Protective Effect for Panax ginseng in the Rat Stomach

  • Omar M.E.Abdel Salam;Batran, Seham-El;Shenawy, Siham-El;Mahmoud S.Arbid
    • Journal of Ginseng Research
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    • 제25권4호
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    • pp.141-149
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    • 2001
  • The effect of ginseng on gastric ulcer and gastric acid secretion was investigated in pylorus-ligated rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley strain rats were used after 24 hours fast. Pylorus-ligation was performed under light ether anaesthesia, then gastric mucosal damage was evoked in conscious pylorus-ligated rats by the administration of subcutaneous (s.c.) indomethancin (20mg/kg), s.c. histamine (150mg/kg) or by pylorus-ligation (Shay ulcer). Ginseng was given by intragastric (i.g.) or intraperitoneal (i.p.) route simultaneously with the ulcerogens. Rats were killed after 3h (indomethacin) and histamine models) or after 18h (Shay ulcer), when the gastric secretory responses, the number and severity of gastric mucosal lesions and mucosal mucus content deetermined. the effect of i.p. ginseng on basal gastric acid secretion and on gastric acide secretion in indomethacin (20mg/kg, s.c.)-treated rats was also investigated in urethane anesthetized rats. Gastric acid secretion was measured by flushing of the gastric lumen with saline every 15min through an oesophageal cannula. Results: In conscious pylorus-ligated rats, i.g. ginseng(12.5-50mg/$m\ell$; 50-200mg/kg) protected against gastric mucosal lesions evoked by s.c. indomethacin or s.c. histanmine in the d3-h pylorus-lighted rat, withoutmodifying gastric acid secretory responses. Ginseng given i.p. (150 or 200mg/kg) did not reduce the gastric lesions produced by histamine or by ligating the pylorus (Shay ulcer) Ginseng given orally in 50mg/$m\ell$ (200mg/kg) increased gastric mucus secretion in saline- and indomethacin-treated conscious pylorus-ligated rats. In anaesthetized rats ginseng (50 or 200mg/kg) did not modify basal gastric acid secretion or gastric acid secretion in the indomethacin-treated rats. Conclusions: ginseng given orally exerts gastroprotective effects in the rat stomach. Such anti-ulcer effect does not involve changes in gastric acid secretory responses. In addition, ginseng possesses stimulatory effect on gastric mucus secretion, which could be one mechanism by which the compound exerts its antiulcer effect. Our data are in favor for a beneficial effect for topically applied ginseng on the gastric mucosa.

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방류 연어, Oncorhynchus keta 치어의 해양 먹이선택성 (Marine Prey Selectivity of Released Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) During arly Marine Migration in Korean Waters)

  • 권오남;김주경;윤문근;김두호;홍관의
    • 수산해양교육연구
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    • 제26권2호
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    • pp.421-429
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    • 2014
  • We investigated the feeding ecology of juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) during the critical early life stage prey selectivity of juvenile chum salmon during early marine migration in Korean waters at spring 2011. Salmon juveniles and zooplanktons were collected to draw with $20m{\times}5m$ gill net and $300{\mu}m$ mesh zooplankton net at each station on 11th-13th April n 2011. Collected zooplanktons were classified to 5 Phylum, 6 Class, 9 Order 17 Species in this study. Almost 76.4-100% species were classified to Phylum Arthropoda, dominant species was a species out of Hyperia galba of Order Amphipoda, Acartia spp and Paracalanus parvus of Order Calanoida. Collected salmon juveniles were grew up to average 4.7-5.4 cm fork length and average 1.0-1.5 g wet weight in whole station. Fish stomach content (mg/salmon) was heaver to 97.4, 82.4 and 63.2 mg wet weight/salmon in ST 2, 3, 4 than 20.4, 18.9 mg/salmon of ST 1, 5, because there are fish (sand eel, Hypoptychus dybowskii) and Krill (Euphausia) as prey in salmon stomach in ST 2, 3, 4. And ST 2, 3, 4 and 5 were dominated by Amphipoda as Hyperia galba, Themisto japonica and Gammarus sp., but ST 1 was dominated by copepod, because of absence of Amphipoda in the station. Therefore small Amphipoda as Hyperia galba was good prey for just released salmon juvenile in nature.

백굴채(白屈菜)의 물추출물이 lipopolysaccharide로 유도된 Nitric Oxide의 생성 및 iNOS와 COX-2의 발현에 미치는 영향 (Inhibitory effect of Chelidonii Herba water extract on production of Nitric Oxide, Expression of iNOS and COX-2 in lipopolysaccharide-activated Raw 264.7 cells)

  • 조용걸;김영우;변성희;김상찬
    • 대한한의학방제학회지
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    • 제12권2호
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    • pp.163-173
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    • 2004
  • Chelidonii Herba (CHE, Baek-gul-chae in Korean), which has its original description in Gu-Hwang-Bon-Cho, a classic book of oriental Herbal book, is widely used in the treatment of stomach cancer, jaundice, gasrtic ulcer, edema and stomach pain, in Korea, Japan and China. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of CHE on the nitric oxide (NO) production, iNOS and COX-2 expression in lipopolysaccharide - activated Raw 264.7 cells. After the treatment of CHE, NO production was monitored by measuring the nitrite content in culture medium, cell viability was measured by MIT assay. COX-2 and iNOS were determined by lmmunoblot analysis. The production of nitric oxide was significantly inhibited by pretreatment (1h) with CHE (0.1-0.3 mg/ml) on LPS-activated Raw264.7 cells. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) protein were up-regulated by LPS, but the increased levels of iNOS and COX-2 were inhibited by pretreatment of CHE (0.1-0.3 mg/ml), respectively. Thus, the present data suggest that CHE may play an important role in adjunctive therapy in Gram-negative bacterial infections.

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Palmul-tang, a Traditional Herbal Formula, Protects against Ethanol-induced Acute Gastric Injury in Rats

  • Shin, In-Sik;Lee, Mee-Young;Seo, Chang-Seob;Lim, Hye-Sun;Kim, Jung-Hoon;Jeon, Woo-Young;Shin, Hyeun-Kyoo
    • 대한한의학회지
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.74-84
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    • 2011
  • Objectives: Palmul-tang (hachimotsu-to in Japanese and bawu-tang in Chinese) is a mixture of eight herbs. It is traditionally used for the treatment of anemia, anorexia, general weakness, and female infertility in China, Japan, and Korea. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Palmul-tang water extract (PTE) against ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats. Material and Methods: Acute gastric lesions were induced by intragastric administration of 5mL/kg body weight of absolute ethanol to each rat. Control group rats were given PBS orally and the ethanol group (EtOH group) received absolute ethanol (5mL/kg) by oral gavage. The positive control group and the PTE group were given oral doses of omeprazole (50mg/kg) or PTE (400mg/kg), respectively, 2 h prior to the administration of absolute ethanol. The stomach of each animal was excised and examined for gastric mucosal lesions. To confirm the protective effects of PTE, we evaluated the degree of lipid peroxidation, the level of reduced glutathione (GSH), and the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase in the stomach. Results: PTE reduced ethanol-induced hemorrhage and hyperemia in the gastric mucosa. PTE reduced the increase in lipid peroxidation associated with ethanol-induced acute gastric lesions and increased mucosal GSH content and the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Conclusion: These results indicate that PTE protects gastric mucosa against ethanol-induced acute gastric injury by increasing antioxidant status. We suggest that PTE could be developed as an effective drug for the treatment of acute gastric injury.

육봉형과 소하성 개체군 빙어 Hypomesus nipponensis (바다빙어과)의 생태적 특성 (Ecological Characteristics of Land-locked and Anadromous Populations of Hypomesus nipponensis (Osmeridae))

  • 변화근
    • 한국어류학회지
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.249-255
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    • 2010
  • 빙어(Hypomesus nipponensis)의 육봉형과 소하성 개체군의 특성을 연구하기 위해 2008년 12월부터 2009년 4월까지 소양호와 향호에서 조사하였다. 육봉형인 소양호 개체군과 소하성인 향호 개체군에 있어 두 집단 간에 형태적 차이는 유사하였다. 산란시기는 육봉형인 소양호에서는 3월이었고 소하성 향호에서는 2월말이었다. 성적으로 성숙하여 생식이 가능한 크기는 전장이 60mm 이상되는 개체로 육봉형과 소하성 개체군에 있어서 동일하였다. 생식소 지수는 육봉형 집단(암컷 20.5%, 수컷 3.7%)이 소하성 집단(암컷 17.4%, 수컷 3.3%)에 비해 다소 높았다. 포란수는 육봉형 개체군(평균 4,902개)이 소하성 개체군(평균 7,325개)에 비해 매우 적었고 육봉형 개체군이 소하성 개체군에 비해 전장도 매우 작았었다. 소양호 개체군의 비만도는 평균 0.60(0.49~0.74)이었고 향호의 비만도는 0.70 (0.47~0.76)이었다. 먹이생물은 동물플랑크톤과 수서곤충이었으며 향호에 서식하는 개체군이 소양호 개체군에 비해 먹이의 크기가 큰 것을 주로 섭식하고 있었다.

어론천에 서식하는 대륙종개 Orthrias nudus (Balitoridae)의 생태 (Ecological Study of Orthrias nudus (Balitoridae) in the Eoron Stream of Korea)

  • 변화근
    • 한국어류학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.162-167
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    • 2010
  • 대륙종개는(Orthrias nudus)의 생태적 특성을 연구하기 위해 2009년 1월부터 12월까지 어론천에서 조사하였다. 본 종은 하천 중 상류에서 상류역 여울에 걸쳐 분포하며 하상구조는 주로 큰 돌과 작은 돌로 이루어져 있었다. 서식지 수심은 15~46 cm 이었고 유속은 0.42~1.34 m/sec 상태를 유지하고 있었다. 성비는 1:0.98이었고 산란시기는 4~6월이며 산란기 수온은 $15{\sim}19.2^{\circ}C$이였다. 만 1년생 이상부터 성적 성숙이 이루어지기 시작하였다. 전장이 58~99mm의 집단은 만 1년생, 100 mm의 이상은 만 2년생으로 추정된다. 포란수는 평균 4,119개 이었고 먹이생물은 수서곤충인 하루살이목(Ephemeroptera), 날도래목(Trichoptera), 파리목(Diptera) 등이 있다.

Cold-Restraint 스트레스 유발 위점막손상에 미치는 고빈도 120Hz 전침의 효과 (The Effects of 120Hz High Frequency Electroacupuncture on the Cold-Restraint-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damages)

  • 조미형;최병태;장경전
    • Journal of Acupuncture Research
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    • 제20권3호
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    • pp.177-193
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    • 2003
  • Objective : The present studies investigated the effects of 120Hz high frequency electroacupunctue(EA) on the stress-induced stomach dysfunction in relation to its effect on the level of stress hormone and gastric mucosal damages. The gastric mucosal injury was induced by cold-restraint stress and two acupoints corresponding to Zusanli and Sanyinjiao in man were used. Methods: Cold-restraint stress produced typical gastric lesions in all rats of the stressed groups, but he number of ulcers as well as the mean ulcer diameter were reduced by 120 Hz EA pre-treatment. The cold-restraint stress also induced an increase in catecholamine response involving epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine, but an slight decline were observed in EA pre-treated rats compared with cold-restrained rats. Results: The degranulation value of gastric mast cell was significantly higher in cold-restrained rats than in control ones. However, with the significant reduction of degranulation values of gastric mast cells in EA pre-treated rats compared with cold-restrained ones, $PGE_2$ content in the gastric mucosa of EA pre-treated rats was also different from that observed in cold-restrained rats. Cold-restraint stress induced an elevated mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory gene such as cyclooxygenases-2 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-${\alpha}$, but these expression were down-regulated in EA pre-treated rats. Immunohistochemecal analysis showed that while the inhibitory-${\kappa}B{\alpha}$ an TNF-${\alpha}$ immunoreaction in the surface epithelium of the stomach tended to increase, both reactions in the EA pre-treated rats showed similar pattern as observed in controls. Conclusions : These results suggest that 120 Hz EA may act as a therapeutical means for gastric mucosal damages through a activation of pituitary adrenal system. it could be concluded that 120 hz high frequency electroacupuncture affords a good protective potential against stress-induce gastrointestinal dysfunction.

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머위(Petasites japonicus) 추출물의 항산화와 항암활성 효과 (The Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Butterbur (Petasites japonicus) Extracts)

  • 서훈석;정봉환;조용구
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.265-269
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    • 2008
  • 머위의 뿌리, 줄기, 잎을 사용하여 추출물에 따른 항산화 활성을 분석하였고, 추출물을 분획 정제하여 암세포 생장 억제성을 실험하였다. SOD 유사활성은 머위 잎의 에탄올 추출물이 96.7%의 가장 높은 활성을 보였으며, 추출 용매에 따른 머위의 SOD 유사활성은 물 추출보다는 에탄올 추출물이 더욱 높은 항산화 활성을 나타냈다. 총폴리페놀 함량은 물 추출물에서 전체적으로 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, 머위 잎이 223mg/g dry weight으로 가장 높았다. 시료별로 전자공여능 효과를 살펴보면 머위 뿌리의 물 추출물에서 61.5%, 머위 잎의 에탄올 추출물에서 34.9%로 가장 높은 전자공여능을 나타냈다. 암세포 생존 억제성의 실험에서 머위 추출물의 분획물들은 정상세포 DC2.4의 생육에는 크게 영향을 미치지 않으면서도 위암세포주 SNU-719의 생육은 41.9%로 크게 억제시켰고, 간암세포주 Hep3B의 생육은 72.7% 억제시켰다. 본 연구 결과들을 종합해 볼 때 머위를 이용한 새로운 기능성 식품 소재 및 약용자원식물로 개발이 가능하다.

Development and evaluation of probiotic delivery systems using the rennet-induced gelation of milk proteins

  • Ha, Ho-Kyung;Hong, Ji-Young;Ayu, Istifiani Lola;Lee, Mee-Ryung;Lee, Won-Jae
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • 제63권5호
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    • pp.1182-1193
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    • 2021
  • The aims of this study were to develop a milk protein-based probiotic delivery system using a modified rennet-induced gelation method and to determine how the skim milk powder concentration level and pH, which can affect the rennet-induced intra- and inter-molecular association of milk proteins, affect the physicochemical properties of the probiotic delivery systems, such as the particle size, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, and viability of probiotics in simulated gastrointestinal tract. To prepare a milk protein-based delivery system, skim milk powder was used as a source of milk proteins with various concentration levels from 3 to 10% (w/w) and rennet was added to skim milk solutions followed by adjustment of pH from 5.4 or 6.2. Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was used as a probiotic culture. In confocal laser scanning microscopic images, globular particles with a size ranging from 10 ㎛ to 20 ㎛ were observed, indicating that milk protein-based probiotic delivery systems were successfully created. When the skim milk powder concentration was increased from 3 to 10% (w/w), the size of the delivery system was significantly (p < 0.05) increased from 27.5 to 44.4 ㎛, while a significant (p < 0.05) increase in size from 26.3 to 34.5 ㎛ was observed as the pH was increased from 5.4 to 6.4. An increase in skim milk powder concentration level and a decrease in pH led to a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the encapsulation efficiency of probiotics. The viability of probiotics in a simulated stomach condition was increased when probiotics were encapsulated in milk protein-based delivery systems. An increase in the skim milk powder concentration and a decrease in pH resulted in an increase in the viability of probiotics in simulated stomach conditions. It was concluded that the protein content by modulating skim milk powder concentration level and pH were the key manufacturing variables affecting the physicochemical properties of milk protein-based probiotic delivery systems.