• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.1768-1773
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• 2010

CEN/TS 45545 is Europe consolidation standard for fire safety on railway behicles. This is based on the International Union of Railways(UIC) and different European countries. It is intended to protect passengers and staff in railway in the event of a fire on board. It will be prepared in 2012. Based on this consolidate standard, they are going to make single market, for raising technical competitiveness, technical innovation and globalization of that standard. For this reason, European academies, manufacturers, and sub-manufacturers confer and stady animated about CEN/TS 45545. In Korea, get out the safety assessment for ues incombustible interior material, the needs of quantitative analysis on fire protection, demand on recognition of fire protection scenario, and define about fire load analysis are becomin more and more important. Therefore, this paper will estimate and compare Flammability, Smoke Density, Toxicity Index( this is the key point for appraised fire safety performance of material) between CEN/TS45545 and fire standards on railway vehicle. Then suggest criteria for fire safety on railway vehicles.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.461-467
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• 2011

This study aims to create a numerical analysis model which can investigate the dynamic interaction between pantograph and overhead contact wire used for a high-speed railway vehicle, and validate the simulation results according to EN 50318 standard. Finite element analysis models of pantograph and overhead contact line are created using SAMCEF, a commercial FE analysis program. The mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values of contact forces are obtained. The simulation results are validated according to EN 50318, and the possibility of simulating the collecting characteristic of an actual pantograph system by using the developed model is discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.460-463
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• 2008

This study tries to apply standard cost accounting model to evaluate the cost of workflow instances. Previous studies mainly focus on matching workflow activities into the elements of Activity based costing in order to assign cost drivers, but rarely examine how to evaluate their instance cost. In this study, we estimate unrealized standard cost from workflow model, and realized cost from accomplished instances. On running, workflow engine cumulates cost of finished activities and it enables to monitor the difference between the target cost and the actual cost dynamically at each step of workflow processes. We implemented a prototype which shows that the proposed work can evaluate effectively the cost of various workflow patterns.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.715-718
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• 2000

The character of a recombinant bioluminescent bacteria's light emission enables us to monitor toxicity in water, soil and air. In this study, various bioluminescent responses to water samples containing toxic chemicals, such as phenol and mitomycin C, were obtained and analysed through the use of a multi-channel two-stage minibioreactor system. The bioluminescent pattern from each channel can be used as a standard for identifying the degree of toxicity in field samples. When various concentrations of toxic chemicals were injected in a step manner, different bioluminescent patterns were obtained. Also this system showed variation in its bioluminescent pattern as the injection manner was changed, i.e. using a modified version of the bell-curve type injection. In conclusion, the toxicity was shown to be related with the bioluminescent response when using these standard bioluminescent patterns. Comparing this standard with a bioluminescent response from a field sample, we can estimate the degree of which the sample is toxic.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2008.06a
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• pp.2156-2162
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• 2008

To reduce the cost and the time of transport in Eurasian railroad networks such as TKR, TCR and TSR owing to the problem of different track gauges (narrow/standard/broad gauge), it is important to develop the gauge - adjustable wheelset system to adapt easily to these gauges. The gauge - adjustable wheelset system in the transcontinental railway have been proposed as a more effective way in comparison with other techniques for overcoming difference in track gauges. Assume that the freight train with gauge adjustable wheelset system is running from domestic train network to TCR, TSR in Eurasian continent, it is necessary to estimate the safety of this system. This study is evaluated at examination of safety for freight train with gauge adjustable wheelset system by simulated durability analysis. Moreover, the predicted fatigue life at running track using the durability simulator was verified by the durability test according to UIC standard.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.10b
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• pp.1057-1062
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to practice the method which can estimate 28-days strength of concrete in advance. This method is made for reliant quality control. Based on existing experiment, concrete that flyash added and normal concrete are placed into wall structure, and it is examined the difference between experiment use concrete and field use concrete. The result of this study are as follows : 1) Core test specimen have 10% lower strength to standard curing specimen. 2) At 28-days accelerated strength by microwave, average 35% in normal concrete, average 23% in flyash added concrete. 3) At coefficient of determination between compressive strength and accelerated strength, 0.84 in normal concrete core, 0.86 in standard curing normal concrete, 0.86 in flyash added concrete, 0.90 in standard curing flyash added concrete.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2008

As use of construction equipment has been increasing continuingly, the proportion of equipment expense to the total construction cost has become higher. However, there is a difference between the equipment expenses section in 'Poom-Sam' and practical data, because 'Poom-sam' does not consider non-working days due to weather conditions, legal holidays and management conditions. Therefore, 'Poom-Sam' does not present a reasonable standard for estimating construction equipment expenses. In this study, to estimate realistic construction equipment operating hours, firstly, construction equipment was classified according to work, and weather conditions, in which each work could not be executed, were established. Then, weather data on Seoul and Busan($2004{\sim}2006$) and legal holidays were analyzed to suggest annual standard operating hours. The annual standard operating hours of earthmoving & excavating, compaction, and drilling equipment was estimated to be 1,430 hours, and lifting equipment, concrete paving equipment, asphalt paving equipment, concrete equipment, and crushing & conveying equipment were estimated to be 2,124 hours, 1,156hours, 1,188hours, 1,688hours, and 2,152hours respectively.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2001

We consider the problem of detecting special variations in multivariate $T^2$-control chart when two or more multivariate outliers are present. Since a multivariate outlier may reflect slippage in mean, variance, or correlation, it can distort the sample mean vector and sample covariance matrix. Damaged sample mean vector and sample covariance matrix have difficulty in examining special variations clearly, An alternative to detection outliers or special variations is to use robust estimators of mean vector and covariance matrix that are less sensitive to extreme observations than are the standard estimators $\bar{x}$ and $\textbf{S}$. We applied popular minimum volume ellipsoid(MVE) and minimum covariance determinant(MCD) method to estimate mean vector and covariance matrix and compared its results with standard $T^2$-control chart using simulated multivariate data with outliers. We found that the modified $T^2$-control chart based on the above robust methods were more effective in detecting special variations clearly than the standard $T^2$-control chart.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.83-100
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• 2012

This paper estimates the impacts of introducing the 40 hour work week standard in South Korea on actual working hours, wages and employment. We exploit variation in timing of implementing the 40 hour work week standard across industries and establishment size and estimate the causal effects by a triple difference model. Our results show that the 40 hour work week standard decreased actual working hours by about 43 minutes while it increased hourly wage rate by 6.6%. The probability of new hires decreased by about 2.3% points.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.133-140
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• 2016

The amount of labor input in a construction project is used as source data to estimate construction cost and to understand the productivity of the construction industry. However, there is a significant difference between the standard of estimation and the actual amount of labor input, and a plan is needed to resolve this problem. For this reason, to establish a system with which the actual amount of labor input can be inputted in a more accurate and simpler manner, a new method is proposed in this study. In the new method, a digital pen is used to minimize the difference from traditional handwriting on paper using a pen, and eliminate the redundant input of information. This study is expected not only to reduce the actual amount of labor input but also to contribute to the productivity of construction cost estimate through the sharing or utilization of the information on the web.