• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.5955-5962
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• 2014

Generally, the frame design of a vehicle is a critical technology that plays an important role in the racing and high performance sports car market. The high performance of race car frame means that it requires high torsional stiffness because it directly affects the cornering behavior of the race car. The optimal design for the frame of a low-cost single seat race car was carried out using the DOE (Design Of Experiments) with Taguchi's orthogonal array and FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis to secure sufficient torsional stiffness in this paper. According to the results by DOE and FEM analysis, the optimal design case produced improved 10.7% and 14.5% improvement in each stiffness-to-weight ratio and frame weight than in the early design step. Therefore, this paper shows that the optimal design with Taguchi's orthogonal array is very useful and effective for designing a tubular space frame of a low-cost single seat race car in the early design step.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.61-68
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• 2013

Compared to the past, the number of disabled people in Korea is continuing to increase. As for the scope of the disability, it is expanding as well since it now includes all types of illnesses, car accidents, complications resulting from aging, industrial accidents and others accidents. Attempts are made in terms of applying sports game method that grafts IT technology in order to ensure that the disabled people participate continually in sports. While casting away the notion of play which was the role of a game in the past, new roles and domains were developed. In fact, serious game genre is what leads this change. Because serious game is leading the game industry fast, centered on education, sports, fitness and medical use, its market value can be considered very significant since it can be both fund and effective as it targets the disabled who cannot enjoy sports easily in reality. Accordingly, this research seeks to present the direction for the application of serious game for the disabled people by analyzing the current situation pertaining to the integrated and converged cases applied to the field of sports for the disabled when it comes to the serious game that uses contents based on the IT technology.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.165-171
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• 2019

Engineering and Technology have been influencing a lot in the field of sports. Competitiveness, attributes of sports, have forced not only sports players but sports goods to enhance those performance. Particularly in the field of motorsports, the convergence of sports and technology has long been done to satisfy between performance and safety. In this study, strength analysis was carried with FEM to develop CFRP Laminate(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic Laminate) bucket seat targeted to motorsports and car tuning industries and FIA($F\acute{e}d\acute{e}ration$ Internationale de l'Automobile) regulation was applied to design the racing seat and evaluate its strength. FEM modeling considered the attributes of composites was followed by strength evaluation based on Tsai-Wu failure index were done according to Lay-up sequence and layer numbers. The result showed that the lay-up sequence with stacking angle such as $[0^{\circ}/30^{\circ}/60^{\circ}/90^{\circ}/-30^{\circ}/-60^{\circ}]_4$ with 3mm form core was optimal selection in the field of weight and strength evaluation.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.11-22
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to compare drivers' postures with different car pedal systems and skilled levels. Fourteen subjects participated in this experiment and for three-dimensional analyses, six cameras (Proreflex MCU-240, Qualisys) were used to acquire raw data. The parameters were calculated and analyzed with Visual-3D. In conclusion, the patterns of pelvic, hip, knee and ankle joint angles were different as to pedal systems and skilled levels, and distal joints ROA pelvis have large angles. ROA(range of angle) of a double pedal system was small, but ROA of a single pedal system was large. These findings suggested that we should improve a present single pedal system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.273-280
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• 2019

Carbon fiber composite laminate has been widely used in the area of sports applications such as race car, golf club, fishing rods, yacht. In this study, carbon fiber composite laminate was used in the rear upright of leisure purposed small size single-seat electric race car to reduce its unsprung mass of suspension system. The focus of this research is to investigate in finding optimal stacking lay-up of rear upright laminated with carbon fiber composite in the early design phase. Forces transferred from circuit road to rear upright were estimated through MBD(Multi-Body Dynamics)model of the rear suspension geometry. To evaluate the strength of the rear upright laminated with carbon fiber composite which generally behaves in an anisotropic or orthotropic manner, FEA(Finite Element Analysis) model suitable for composite materials was built followed by its strength was evaluated depending on different stacking lay-up. The result showed that Symmetric stacking lay-up [$45^{\circ}/-45^{\circ}/90^{\circ}/0^{\circ}$]s for frontal area and symmetric stacking lay-up with 1mm aluminum core [$45^{\circ}/-45^{\circ}/90^{\circ}/Core$]s for rear area were most suitable of 16 lay-up cases from the side of both strength based on Tasi-wu failure index and weight.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2011.12b
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• pp.643-645
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• 2011

자동차 문화의 발달로 드라이빙 숙련도가 높아지고 경제수준이 안정됨에 따라 개인적인 삶을 추구하는 자동차 매니아에게 즐거움을 선사하는 스포츠카에 대한 요구가 증가하고 있다. 이에 부응하며 건전한 자동차 문화를 선도할 수 있는 스포츠카는 정의가 필요하다. 스포츠카의 정의와 분류는 전문가의 주장에 따라 매우 주관적인 관점에 의존해 왔다. 이 논문에서는 새롭게 스포츠가의 정의하는 공식을 개발하여 스포츠카을 분류하는 기준을 개발하였다. 그리고 출시된 스포츠카의 데이터를 수집하고 새로 개발된 스포츠카 정의 공식에 적용하여 스포츠카의 객관적인 기준을 평가 하였다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.71-79
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• 2004

Owing to the rapid increase of the number of automobiles, the traffic is being heavily crippled as time goes by. To provide drivers with better safety and convenience, a variety of CNSs(Car Navigation System) are being installed more and more specially for the vehicles which are produced in recent days. As the CNS has gained the public popularity, it has been playing a role as a component of the multimedia system in a vehicle in addition to providing the capability of route guidance service. It is, therefore, now recognized as an important unit of the vehicle interior system. As the situation has been changed as formerly described, it is necessary that not only the functions but also the usability and exterior features are to be designed to suit customers' tastes. This paper is an attempt to find out what the major sensibility factors which customers want as far as a CNS is concerned are. Because these factors can differ from a vehicle type to another that customers prefer, the analysis is based on the vehicle preference. It is proved that MDS(Multi Dimensional Scaling) is an effective method to analyze the sensibility factors for the different types of vehicles. The result shows that for the people who prefer the sedan-type vehicles, luxuriousness, harmoniousness, and texture are major factors. For people who like sports car, faminism, salience, and dynamics are major factors. For people who prefer SUV's(Sports Utility Vehicle) or MPV's(Multi Purpose Vehicle), solidity, dynamics, and convenience are important.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.39-47
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• 2009

Currently, the minimum breadth as a point available for U-turn setup is designated as "over 9m for one way" in the traffic safety facilities practical manuals, and vehicles allowed to make a U-turn are limited to passenger cars. However, as passenger cars have recently become larger and SUVs (Sports Utility Vehicles) are being popularized, they fail to make a U-turn in one attempt. This causes a traffic jam and a problem with traffic safety. This study proposed, compared, and tested the measured values of actual differences in the turning radius of U-turn by actual cars with estimated values by using PC-Crash, a car accident simulation program. Then, the study forecasted the turning radius of U-turns of Korean passenger cars by using PC-Crash, and proposed appropriate breadth for U-turn setup.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.23-29
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• 2021

This study analyzes the physiological changes that occur after free diving and studies peroxidants and antioxidants according to the recovery method. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to provide proper rest methods after free diving and provide basic data for free diving research. Eight male college students recovered for 30 minutes after 20 free injections at a 5-meter diving site, 20 free injections after a week's car wash, and recovered for 30 minutes after collecting blood during recovery to analyze the effects of peroxidants and antioxidants. Comparison of changes in peroxidants and antioxidants in recovery methods after free-diving iterations showed that SOD tended to decrease immediately after free-diving, increasing MDA to 10 minutes after recovery, but no significant difference was found. The purpose of this study is to observe physiological changes according to the recovery method after free diving and to propose an appropriate recovery method after free diving. However, there was no significant difference in all the restoration methods, and 20 freediving was not high kinetic intensity for the subjects, which is believed to have resulted in the following results. Therefore, it was discussed that the repetitive diving strength should be higher to confirm a significant difference in the recovery method after free diving.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.320-332
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• 2024

The aims of this study were to compare the differences in hemodynamics between cigarette smoking and using heated tobacco products (HTPs) and to determine the acute effects of using HTPs on cardiac autonomic regulation. Another goal was to examine the acute cardiac autonomic responses when using different tobacco sticks in HTPs. Sixteen healthy male smokers completed an open-label, randomized, crossover trial consisting of non-smoking (NS), cigarette smoking, and the use of two different HTPs (IQOS with HEETS; lil SOLID with Fiit). Sub-trials, which included NS, lil SOLID with Fiit, and lil SOLID with HEET, were performed on eight smokers among the total subjects. Hemodynamic variables, such as systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and heart rate variability were measured before, during, and 30 minutes after using each tobacco product. Using HTPs resulted in a significant increase in both SBP and DBP, comparable to smoking cigarettes. Cardiac sympathetic activity significantly increased, and cardiac vagal tone (CVT) significantly decreased after acute exposure to HTP aerosol, similar to the effects of cigarette smoke exposure. Furthermore, differences in the withdrawal of CVT were observed when using different tobacco sticks in the same HTPs. The findings of this study indicate that acute exposure to HTP aerosol increases the hemodynamic burden and disrupts cardiac autonomic balance, similar to exposure to cigarette smoke. Moreover, depending on the type of tobacco stick inserted into the HTP device, acute withdrawal of CVT may have been enhanced.