• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.641-645
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• 2003

Spermatogenesis, ultrastructure, and sperm morphology of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were investigated with TEM and SEM. C. gigas sperm were primitive consisting of a head midpiece and tail. Sperm size (head and midpiece) was about 1.78 ${\mu}m$. Sperm morphology was similar to a sharp of a small water jar with a rough surface. Sperm had both anterior nuclear fossa (anf) and posterior nuclear fossa (pnf). Acrosome forms had a hat-like shape. The axial rod was projected in front of the acrosome. C. gigas sperm had four large mitochondria in the midpiece.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.441-446
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• 2009

During epididymal transit, mammalian sperm acquire selected proteins secreted by the epididymis. We previously showed that a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 7 is expressed specifically in the epididymis and transferred to the sperm surface during epididymal transit. Here, we show that mouse ADAM7 secreted to the epididymal lumen is associated with membranous vesicles known as epididymosomes. Furthermore, we found that ADAM7 can be transferred directly from epididymal vesicles to sperm and that it is an integral plasma membrane protein in sperm. Thus, our study provides new information regarding the unique mode of secretion and interaction of ADAM7 during the epididymis-to-sperm transfer process.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.60 no.5
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• pp.357-360
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• 2022

Excretory-secretory products (ESP) of T. vaginalis have been shown to inhibit sperm motility, viability, and functional integrity, leading to a decreased fertilization rate in vitro. This study investigated whether T. vaginalis induce apoptosis and ultrastructural changes of sperm using flow cytometry and electron microscopy. Incubation of sperm with T. vaginalis ESP increased phosphatidylserine externalization and DNA fragmentation, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential. Transmission electron microscopy of sperm incubated with ESP revealed abnormal features such as distorted heads, broken necks, and acrosomes exocytosis. This is the first report that demonstrates a direct impact of T. vaginalis ESP on sperm apoptosis and architecture in vitro.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.443-456
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• 2024

In female tract, mammalian sperm develop hyperactivated motility which is a key physiological event for sperm to fertilize eggs. This motility change is triggered by Ca²⁺ influx via the sperm-specific Ca²⁺ channel, CatSper. Although previous studies in human and mice largely contributed to understanding CatSper and Ca²⁺ signaling for sperm hyperactivation, the differences on their activation mechanisms are not well understood yet. There are several studies to examine expression and significance of the CatSper channel in non-human and non-mouse models, such as domestic animals. In this review, I summarize key knowledge for the CatSper channel from previous studies and propose future aspects for CatSper study using sperm from domestic animals.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.277-289
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• 1998

To establish a system for sperm swim-up separation through sucrose layer, indiscreet sperm migration should sufficiently to block but movement of sperm shouldn't inhibit. Thus, the effects of sucrose levels in sucrose layer, incubation times and types of sucrose layer on sperm separation were examined. And the results obtained were as follows; 1. Layer of 10mM sucrose inhibited sperm swim-up migration through sucrose layer. 2. Incubation for 25 minutes without sucrose layer significantly increased sperm swim-up migration. However, incubation for 10 minutes to induce swim-up through sucrose layer significantly stimulated sperm migration and maintained sperm movement. 3. There was no significant difference between Type I and Type II in barrier effect of sucrose layer. However, sucrose layer of Type II with shorter distance of barrier was efficient for sampling. To elucidate a function of follicular fluid on sperm chemotaxis using in vitro system of sucrose layer of Type II and incubation for 10 minutes, the effects of dilution, heat treatment, and protein and lipid extracts of follicular fluid on sperm swim-up separation were examined. And the results obtained were as follows; 4. Follicular fluid stimulated sperm migration and movement, and significantly-attracted capacitated-sperm at 10% level. 5. Follicular fluid heated at 55$^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes maintained the effect of follicular fluid stimulating sperm migration and movement. 6. Follicular protein stimulated sperm movement that was reduced by filtration of the protein. 7. Follicular lipid didn't significantly stimulate sperm migration and movement. 8. Both of follicular protein and lipid reduced the effect of follicular fluid stimulating sperm migration and movement. In conclusion, sucrose layer could be used for a barrier against indiscreet sperm migration by swim-up. And follicular fluid stimulated migration and movement of sperm and attracted capacitated-sperm through sucrose layer. Especially, heat-resistant protein of follicular fluid stimulated sperm migration.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.29-36
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• 1997

Experiments were performed to study the effects of diluents, cryoprotectant, equilibration time, thawing temperature and addition of BSA and egg yolk. Among the various diluents, Alsever's solution was the best for sperm cryopreservation. A combination of Alsever's solution and 15% ethylene glycol showed the better results than others did. Sperm activity indection and survival rate gradually decreased with the equilibration time. The appropriate thawing temperature was 30 ${\pm}1^{\circ}$C. These results indicate that sperm cryopreservation methods can be developed in tiger puffer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology Conference
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• 1998.07a
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• pp.41-42
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• 1998

The changes in calcium binding protein(CBP) of mouse epididymal sperm during their post-testicular differentiation were analyzed by two-dimensional SDS-PAGE. According to dpididymal maturation, capacitation and acrosome reaction of spermatozoa, both quantitative and qualitative changes of CBPs in the epididymal sperm was detected. It suggested that the development of fertilizing ability of epididymal sperm was closely related to the changes in the CBPs profiles of sperm during epidiyaml transit.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 1990

12 crossbreed boars received 4 rations containing varying levels of lysine and DL-methionine. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows ; 1. Semen volume, total sperm number of the treatment B, C and D were increased significantly (p<0.05) as compared with the treatment A but abnormal sperm percent of treatment B and C was decreased significantly (p<0.05) as compared with A. Sperm number and sperm mortility were not different from treatments. 2. Amino acids contents of sperm plasma were not different from treatments.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 1991

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of pH of sperm-washing solution, sperm-washing frequency and individual bull on concentration of hydrogen ion in sperm-washed solution and sperm acrosome reaction. The results obtained were as follow. 1. When bovine sperm was washed at 4 times with SHP solution and incubated, the difference of light absorbance between sperm-washing and sperm-washed solution(${\Delta}$Ao-${\Delta}$At) was higher in 2nd sperm-washed solution than that in the other washed solutions. 2. When sperm was thrice washed with SHP solutions of pH 5.99, 6.38, 6.78, 7.10, 7.40, 7.69, 8.15, 8.45, and 8.83, ${\Delta}$Ao-${\Delta}$At was significantly increased at pH7.69 to 8.83, and ${\Delta}$Ao-${\Delta}$At in 1st sperm washed solution was significantly higher than that in 2nd and 3rd sperm washed solution. 3. When sperm of Holstein, KNC and Hereford was thrice washed with SHP solutions of pH 5.99, 6.38, 6.78, 7.10, 7.40, 7.69, 8.15, 8.45, and 8.83, Holstein showed higher ${\Delta}$Ao-${\Delta}$At of sperm Washed solution than KNC and Hereford, and ${\Delta}$Ao-${\Delta}$At in sperm washed solution was significantly increased at 7.69 for Holstein and at 8.15 for KNC and Hereford, respectively. 4. When sperm was thrice with SHP solution of pH 6.8, 7.1 and 7.4, and then incubated in mTALP of pH 7.4 for 15 minutes, in 1st and 2nd sperm washing ${\Delta}$Ao-${\Delta}$At of sperm washed solution was significantly higher at pH 7.1 and 7.4 than at pH 6.8, and the sperm acrosome reaction of pH 6.8, 7.1 and 7.4 was 49.1, 68.8 and 72.9%, respectively. The sperm acrosome reaction of pH 7.1 and 7.4 was higher than that of pH 6.8.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.53-60
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• 2006

Objective: We tested the usefulness of swim-down technique using human follicular fluid (hFF) in sperm preparation. Methods: Semen samples were obtained from twelve male partners showing asthenozoospermia (sperm motility < 50%) at the time of routine andrologic evaluation in Seoul National University Bundang Hospital. After dividing into two aliquots, each samples were processed either by swim-down using 100% hFF or density gradient using SpermGrad. Sperm quality was assessed by computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA). Results: Motility, Rapid motility, VCL (curvilinear velocity), ALH (amplitude of lateral head displacement), and hyperactivated sperms were significantly increased, and LIN (mean linearity) was decreased significantly after sperm preparation in both groups. Motility was significantly higher after swim-down using 100% hFF when compared with density gradient using SpermGrad ($81.2{\pm}4.7$ vs. $67.6{\pm}2.3$, p=0.02) The other parameters assessed by CASA were not different between the two methods. Conclusion: Swim-down method with 100% hFF may be a useful method in preparation of sperm from asthenozoospermia.