• 대한전자공학회논문지TE
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2000

본 논문은 디지털 VCR에서 기록 부호화기로 사용하고 있는 24/25 I-NRZI 변조기의 설계를 위하여 구조를 고찰하고, 스펙트럼 규격을 만족하는 구형파의 전폭 값과 표준 데이터(Sine 및 Cosine계수)를 ROM 테이블에 저장하기 위한 비트의 크기를 고찰하였다. ROM 테이블에 저장되는 표준 데이터의 유효 비트 크기와 구형 파의 진폭 값은 출력 스펙트럼의 파일럿 신호에 대한 크기와 변조기의 하드웨어 크기에 영향을 준다. 설계될 24/25 I-NRZI 변조기에서 출력되는 데이터의 스펙트럼을 겸증하기 위해 램덤 패턴(F0,F1,F2)을 이용하여 실험하였으며, 스펙트럼 분석 결과, 최적의 값으로 구형파의 진폭 갑은 0.065이고, 표준 데이터를 ROM에 저장하기 위한 비트의 크기는 3비트임을 알 수 있었다. 또한, 설계된 24/25 I-NRZI 변조기의 하드웨어 기능을 검중하기 위해 프펙트럼 결과를 토대로 먼저 C 모델링하고, Verilog HDL(Cadence Verilog XL)로 코딩하였으며, Synopsys(Library "Samsung KG75")툴을 이용하여 합성하고, 이를 근거로 하드웨어의 크기를 고찰하였다. 이 연구에서 고찰한 24/25 I-NRZI 변조기는 프리코더의 Path방법 등에 대한 구조를 개선하면10,000게이트 이하로 설계할 수 있으며, 현재 실용화되고 있는 디지털 캠코더에 응용할 수 있다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.801-807
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• 2006

본 연구는 국악기 피리의 소리합성을 위한 기초 단계로, 피리의 음색 특징을 분석하였다 분석은 세 가지로 나누어 첫째, 피리의 음색 특징을 스펙트럼 분석을 통하여 오보에와 비교하였고, 둘째, 피리 소리들의 어택(attack)부분의 시간대별 분석을 통하여 소리 발생과정에 따른 음색을 분석하였으며, 마지막으로 악기연주의 중요한 역할을 하는 비브라토의 특성을 분석해 보았다. 그 결과 피리 음색은 서양악기와 달리 높은 배음들의 음량이 높게 나타났고, 소리발생 초기단계(어택 부분)에서는 노이즈 양이 급격히 줄어드는 것과 반하여 배음들의 음량 값이 높아졌으며, 비브라토에서도 음량위주로 변화하는 서양악기와 달리 음고와 음량이 동시에 변화한다는 특성을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 배음에 따른 음색 특징과 소리 발생과정에서의 음색변화, 그리고 비브라토에서의 음고와 음량 변화는 피리의 독특한 음색을 잘 나타내 주는 특징들로써 소리합성에 있어서 반드시 적용되어져야 할 것이다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제47권6호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2010

The spread mooring system for FPSO is developed to explore deep sea area, in which swell is dominant. It is known that the tension response of mooring lines in this sea area shows bimodal spectrum. Assuming normal distribution of tension profile and Rayleigh distribution of tension amplitude, the power spectral density function (PSD) of the mooring tension under the bimodal stationary random process is applied for the calculation of spectrum fatigue. Three popular methods, which are simple summation method, combined spectrum method and Jioa-Moan method, are used to combine fatigue damages from bimodal spectrum characteristics. Each damage value is compared with damage using Rainflow Cycle Counting (RCC) method which is believed to be close to exact solution. Vanmarcke' parameter and RMS(Root Mean Square) ratio are employed to assess relative damage variations between from RCC method and from three combination methods. Finally the most reliable fatigue damage combining method for spread mooring system is suggested.

• 한국통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국통신학회 1987년도 춘계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.191-195
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• 1987

When a 160QAM receiver in the band of spread spectrum system is interfered with a pseudo-random frequency-hopp-ing signal the interference signal has the form of the pulse amplitude probability density function. Each interfrering pulse amplitude probability density function Each interfering pulse amplitude is dependent upon theprobability density function of hopping frequency and the selectivity characteristic of 16QAM system in this paper the error rate equation of a system performance has been derived in the above condition which are interfrerence form and impulsive noise environmensts. The results of system analysis show us that the system performance is de-graded by impulsive noise and interference power, which improved as the frequency hopping bandsidth increases whit respect to receiver bandwidth

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집A
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• pp.79-84
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• 2000

Crack closure and growth behavior of physically short fatigue cracks under random loading are Investigated by performing narrow- and wide-band random loading tests for various stress ratios. Artificially prepared two-dimensional, short through-thickness cracks are used. The closure behavior of short cracks under random loading is discussed, comparing with that of short cracks under constant-amplitude loading and also that of long cracks under random loading. Irrespective of random loading spectrum or block length, the crack opening load of short cracks is much lower under random loading than under constant-amplitude loading corresponding to the largest load cycle in a random load history, contrary to the behavior of long cracks that the crack opening load under random loading is nearly the same as or slightly higher than constant-amplitude results. This result indicates that the largest load cycle in a random load history has an effect to enhance crack opening of short cracks.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제59권5호
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• pp.885-899
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• 2016

The energy-based approach to predict the fatigue crack growth behavior under constant and variable amplitude loading (VAL) of the aluminum alloy 2024 T351 has been investigated and detailed analyses discussed. Firstly, the plastic strain energy was determined per cycle for different block load tests. The relationship between the crack advance and hysteretic energy dissipated per block can be represented by a power law. Then, an analytical model to estimate the lifetime for each spectrum is proposed. The results obtained are compared with the experimentally measured results and the models proposed by Klingbeil's model and Tracey's model. The evolution of the hysteretic energy dissipated per block is shown similar with that observed under constant amplitude loading.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2000

Rollers and rolls in the continuous process systems are noes of key components that determine the quality of web products. The condition of rollers and rolls(ex. eccentricity wear) should be consistently monitored in order to maintain the process conditions (ex. tension, edge position) within a required specification. In this paper, a new diagnosis technique is suggested to detect the defect of rollers/rolls (ex. eccentricity, wear) based on frequency domain analysis of web tension signal. The kernel of this technique is to use the spectrum amplitude of tension signal which allows to identify the fault rollers/rolls and to also diagnose the degree of fault in corresponding rollers and rolls. The experimental results proved that the suggested diagnosis technique can be successfully used to identify the defect rollers and rolls as well as to diagnose the degree of the defect of those rollers. The suggested technique can be applied to monitor and diagnose the shape of rollers and rolls in various multi-span web transport systems.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.1174-1180
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• 2015

We investigate in this paper the radiated electromagnetic waves together with the discharge characteristics of Trichel pulse of negative DC corona discharge in air in pin-to-plate and wire-to-plate configurations. The feature of the current pulse and the frequency spectrum of the electromagnetic radiations were measured under various pressures and gas gaps. The results show that the repetition frequency and the amplitude of Trichel pulse current depend on the discharge conditions, but the rising time of the pulse relates only to the radius of needle or wire and keeps constant even if the other conditions (including the discharge current, the gas gap and the gas pressure) change. There exists the characterized spectrum of electromagnetic waves from negative corona discharge in Trichel pulse regime. These characterized radiations do not change their frequency at a given cathode geometry even if the averaged current, the gas gap or the air pressure changes, but the amplitude of radiations changes accordingly. The characterized electromagnetic radiations from Trichel pulse corona relate to the formation or the rising edge of current pulse. It confirms that the characterized radiations from Trichel pulse supply information of discharge system and provide a potential method for detecting charged targets.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1993-2001
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• 2006

The piezoelectric bimorph film, which, as an actuator, can generate more effective displacement than the usual PVDF film, is used to control the turbulent boundary-layer flow. The change of wall pressures inside the turbulent boundary layer is observed by using the multi-channel microphone array flush-mounted on the surface when actuation at the non-dimensional frequency $f_b^+$:=0.008 and 0.028 is applied to the turbulent boundary layer. The wall pressure characteristics by the actuation to produce local displacement are more dominantly influenced by the size of the actuator module than the actuation frequency. The movement of large-scale turbulent structures to the upper layer is found to be the main mechanism of the reduction in the wall- pressure energy spectrum when the 700$700{\nu}/u_{\tau}$-long bimorph film is periodically actuated at the non- dimensional frequency $f_b^+$:=0.008 and 0.028. The biomorph actuator is triggered with the time delay for the active forcing at a single frequency when a 1/8' pressure-type, pin-holed microphone sensor detects the large-amplitude pressure event by the turbulent spot. The wall-pressure energy in the late-transitional boundary layer is partially reduced near the convection wavenumber by the open-loop control based on the large amplitude event.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2021

Noncontiguous orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (NC-OFDM)-based cognitive radio (CR) systems achieve highly efficient spectrum utilization by transmitting unlicensed users' data on subcarriers of licensed users' data when they are free. However, there are two disadvantages to the NC-OFDM system: out-of-band power (OBP) and a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). OBP arises due to side lobes of an NC-OFDM signal in the frequency domain, and it interferes with the spectrum for unlicensed users. A high PAPR occurs due to the inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) block used in an NC-OFDM system, and it induces nonlinear effects in power amplifiers. In this study, we propose an algorithm called "Alternative Projections onto Convex and Non-Convex Sets" that reduces the OBP and PAPR simultaneously. The alternate projections are performed onto these sets to form an iteration, and it converges to the specified limits of in-band-power, peak amplitude, and OBP. Furthermore, simulations show that the bit error rate performance is not degraded while reducing OBP and PAPR.