• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2001

Listeria monocytogenes와 L. ivanovii는 인간과 동물에 대한 식품 유래성 병원성 세균이다. Listeria 속에는 이들 병원균 외에 비병원성세균인 L. innocua, L, welshimeri, L. seeligeri, L.grayi 등 이 포함되어 있기에, 식품검사에서 배양법을 사용하는 종래의 Listeria의 검출방법은 시간과 많은 실험을 필요로 한다. 이런 이유 등으로 Literia의 종동정과 검출을 위한 신속한 검출법으로 Lis-mix multiplex PCR검출법 (Bubert et al., 1999)이 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 식품검사에 활용하기 위한 실용적인 Lis-mix multiplex PCR 방법을 개발하고, 아울러 새로운 Siw-mixIII PCR 검출법을 개발하였다. 이 방법을 사용하여 식품에서 분리된 총 69개의 Listeria 균주를 성공적으로 종동정할 수 있었으며, Siw-mixIII multiplex PCR방법을 사용하여 L. ivanovii, L.welshimeri, L.seeligeri를 한번의 PCR로 검출 및 종동정을 할 수 있었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.99-103
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to develop a simple detection method, possibly at the species-level, that allows for large-scale screening of bifidobacteria. Human fecal samples were plated on MRS-raffinose agar containing cysteine and neomycin sulfate, serving as selective pressure for bifidobacteria, and 0.003%(w/v) bromocresol green. All of the test strains grew well on this medium at $37{\pm}1^{\circ}C$, forming white colonies surrounded by yellow halos, which presented a sharp contrast against the green background. In this disc assay, the required incubation time to develop a yellowish zone varied with the species of Bifidobacterium that was tested, allowing for differential counts and easy identification at the species-level: 10-14 hr for B. bifidum, 20-22 hr for B. catenulatum and B. infantis. and 24-25 hr for B. longum and B. breve. No apparent color was observed for B. angulatum and B. adolescentis 28 hr after inoculation. To evaluate the results of pH indicator-based identification, individual isolates were subjected to a colony-PCR experiment with genus-specific primers. The amplified products from the isolates were in good accordance with those from the reference strains at a level of 95% agreement. These results suggest that the present method could be conveniently applied to cell counts, as well as to the preliminary identification of bifidobacteria from a variety of sample types including human feces, dairy products, and commercial probiotic supplements.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

나방은 성페로몬에 대한 통신시스템이 잘 발달되어 있다. 동종의 암컷이 방출하는 성페로몬을 원거리에서 감지하여 암컷을 정확히 찾아가 교미할 수 있도록 하기 위해서, 수컷 나방은 고도로 발달된 성페로몬 감지 시스템을 갖고 있다. 이러한 시스템을 이용해서 수컷 나방은 페로몬 냄새기둥(plume)을 따라 바람을 거슬러 비행하면서 간헐적으로 감지되는 페로몬 냄새가닥(odor filaments)을 추적하는 고정행동양식(stereotypic behavior)을 보인다. 일반적으로 여러 성분으로 구성되는 나방의 암컷 성페로몬은 그 조성이 종특이적(species-specific)이며, 비슷한 성분을 공유하는 유사종들이 방출하는 성페로몬과 동종의 암컷이 방출하는 성페로몬을 정확히 구분하기 위해서 수컷 나방은 촉각에 여러 종류의 고도로 특화된 페로몬 감각세포들을 갖고 있어서, 이들이 페로몬을 감지할 때 나오는 신경 신호들을 종합해서 동종의 페로몬을 인식하여 행동반응이 일어나게 된다. 수컷 나방은 보통 동종의 페로몬 성분뿐만 아니라 유사종이 사용하는 페로몬 성분들을 특이적으로 감지하는 길항적(antagonistic) 냄새감각세포들도 갖고 있어서 페로몬 식별력을 강화한다. 본 종설에서는 지금까지 보고된 수컷 나방의 페로몬 감지 시스템과 이와 연관된 수컷의 감각기 및 행동반응에 대한 연구 결과들을 정리하고, 이를 종합하여 앞으로의 연구 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.123-127
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• 2004

Sweet persimmons have been increasingly cultivated in the southern part of Korea. However, anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species is one of the major hindrances in cultivation and productions. In this study, we used polymerase chain reaction(PCR) to detect Colletotrichum species with the AFLP(amplified fragment length polymorphism) method. In AFLP, we used E3(5'-GACTGCGTACCAATTCTA-3') and M1(5'-GATGAGTCCTGAGTAACAG-3') primer combination and, as a result, 262 bp segment was observed in Colletotrichum species only. Specific PCR primers were designed from the sequence data and used to detect the presence of the fungus in genomic DNA isolated from symptomless sweet persimmon plants. Based on sequence data for specific segments, Co.B1(5'-GAGAGAGTAGAATTGCGCTG-3') and Co.B2(5'-CTACCATTCTTCTA GGTGGG-3') were designed to detect Colletotrichum species. The 220 bp segment was observed in Colletotrichum species only, but not in other fungal and bacterial isolates.

• Mycobiology
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.317-319
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• 2009

In this study, in an effort to develop a method for the molecular detection of Tricholoma matsutake in Korea from other closely related Tricholomataceae, a species-specific PCR primer pair, TmF and TmR, was designed using nuclear ribosomal intertranscribed spacer (ITS) sequences. The DTmF and DTmR sequences were 5'-CCTGACGCCAATCTTTTCA-3' and 5'- GGAGAGCAGACTTGTGAGCA-3', respectively. The PCR primers reliably amplified only the ITS sequences of T. matsutake, and not those of other species used in this study.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권9호
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• pp.1266-1275
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• 2010

Isozyme and protein electrophoresis data from mycelial extracts of 27 isolates of Trichoderma harzianum, 10 isolates of T. aureoviride, and 10 isolates of T. longibrachiatum from Southern Peninsular Malaysia were investigated. The eight enzyme and a single protein pattern systems were analyzed. Three isozyme and total protein patterns were shown to be useful for the detection of three Trichoderma species. The isozyme and protein data were analyzed using the Nei and Li Dice similarity coefficient for pairwise comparison between individual isolates, species isolate group, and for generating a distance matrix. The UPGMA cluster analysis showed a higher degree of relationship between T. harzianum and T. aureoviride than to T. longibrachiatum. These results suggested that the T. harzianum isolates had high levels of genetic variation compared with the other isolates of Trichoderma species.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 1987

This survey was carried out in four areas in southern Korea from May 1983 through April 1986. A total of 1, 717 house rats was caught by trapping technique throughout the 4 areas. The total of 1, 535 trombiculid mites (4 genera, 7 species) was found only among Rattus norvegicus. Six species were observed in Seoul and Yangsuri areas, and 5 species in Seongnam area. No trombiculid mites were found in the rats caught in Inchon area. The highest infection rate of trombiculid mites (25%) was recorded in the rats caught in Seongnam area. And Leptotrombidium palpale was abundant species in general (detection rate; 72.8%) In seasonal variation, the hightes number of trombiculid population was observed from October through December in all the areas surveyed, and especially Euschongastia koreaensis apperaed more in autumn and winter than in any other season. The values of specie diversity and evenness of trombiculid mites found in Yangsuri were comparatively higher than those from the other areas.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.48-50
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• 1988

Flehmen is well-known response which often occurs during the process of courtship in most mammals. Recent studies with domestic ruminants suggest that the flehmen may be involved in the mechanism of transferring some pheromonal substances to vomeronasal organ. Thus, variety of its significancehas been supposed, besides that male animals may use it for estrus detection. In this experiment, 8 male, 3 female and3 castrated goats of Saanen and its hybrid were used to ascertain whether urine from alien species can induce flehmen as that from same species. Urine was collected from twenty species consisting of 15 mammals, 3 birds and 2 reptiles and frozen until use. Mostly urine was sprayed to the nose of goats, but some coagulated ones were sniffed. Duration of flehmen was scored to four ranks as 0, 1-19, 20-39 and >40 sec. Each urine sample induced the response in any goats. However, much difference in the in tensity was found between the samples and according to the reproductive state of the receptor goats. Although individual difference was manifest, male goats generally showed more intense response than did female. Castrated goats showed the intermediate pattern. Administration of antiandrogen to the male goat tended to reduce the response. The results indicate that flehmen in the goat could occur for the urine of alien species as that of same species and the androgen may be one of the factors regulating the response.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2013

Analysis of flavonoid contents in the fruits of Acanthopanax species (A. chiisanensis, A. divaricatus, A. koreanum, A. senticosus, and A. sessiliflorus) was conducted by high performance liquid chromatography. A Discovery$^{(R)}$ C18 ($4.6{\times}250$ mm, 5 ${\mu}m$) column was used with a gradient mobile phase of water and acetonitrile (90 : 10 to 60 : 40 for 60 min) and UV detection was conducted at 350 nm. The contents of rutin, hyperin, quercetin, afzelin, and kaempferol were 0.063~0.540, 0.494~7.480, 0.584~0.704, 0.388~0.567, 0.190~0.471 mg/g, respectively, in the fruits of Acanthopanax species. Total content of flavonoids in the fruits of Acanthopanax species was highest in those of A. chiisanensis. Furthermore, hyperin was the most abundant compound in the fruits of Acanthopanax species. Consequently, our results demonstrate that the fruits of Acanthopanax species containing flavonoids have promising potential as a new income source of agriculture and industry in medicinal natural products, health supplements, and beverages.

• 한국식품저장유통학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.965-970
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• 2009

유통중인 계란의병원성균 오염상태를 시판되는 multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) kit로 검사한 결과, 총 90개의 검사시료 가운데 한 가지 이상의 미생물이 검출된 계란시료는 30개로, 검사시료의 미생물 오염도는 약 33.3% 수준이었다. 미생물별 검출 빈도는 B. cereus가 17개 시료(18.9%)에서 검출되어 가장 높은 빈도를 보였으며 Y. enterocolitica는 16개(17.8%), L. monocytogenes 15개(16.7%), St. aureus 12개(13.3%), E. coli O157:H7 4개(4.4%)의 검출빈도를 보였다. 한편, 선택배지를 이용한 viable cell count 방법에서는 27개의 시료에서 미생물이 검출되어 검사시료의 미생물 오염도는 약 30.0% 수준이였으며, 미생물별 검출 빈도는 B. cereus가 17개 시료(18.9%)에서 14개(15.6%) 시료로, Y. enterocolitica는 16개(17.8%)에서 12개(13.3%)로, L. monocytogenes는 15개(16.7%)에서 13개(14.4%)로, St. aureus는 12개(13.3%)에서 10개(11.1%)로 감소하였으며, E. coli O157:H7은 두 가지 검출방법간의 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 검출 대상 미생물 9종 가운데 Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Salmonella spp., 및 Shigella spp.는 두 방법 모두에서 검출되지 않았다. 이상의 결과에서 살펴본 바와 같이 PCR을 이용한 병원성 미생물의 검출 방법은 viable cell count 방법보다 감도가 높음을 알 수 있었다.