• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.95-109
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• 2013

The objective of this study is to assess the utilization and satisfactions about public health centers in Korea. For the analysis, the study utilize the nationwide data of 229,229 person on '2010 Community Health Survey' of Ministry of Health & Welfare. The statistical methodology used in the study is ${\chi}^2$, ANOVA, logistic regression model and multiple regression model. This study have four major findings. First, the significant affecting socio-demographic factors in utilizing public health center were gender, age, region, national basic living secured, married, income, education, job, state of health, chronic disease, unmet medical needs and utilization reason. Second, the most serviced category of health center user was vaccination both city and rural area and the next was certificate, primary care, health screening, other use, the mother and child in city area, primary care, health screening, certificate, home visiting health in rural area. Third, the significant affecting socio-demographic factors in satisfaction degree on health center service were age, region, national basic living secured, income, education, job, state of health, utilization degree and reason. Fourth, the most satisfied service of health service center was home visiting health in city area and mental health service in rural area and the next was nutritive control and the lowest satisfied service was user of certificate. The utilization and satisfaction on health center service were identified as different with residental area and user's characteristics. The politic effort are needed to support socially disadvantaged class and to narrow regional gap.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.177-186
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• 2013

Recently, with the sudden changes in the security environment, expectations towards the police and fear towards safety are increasing. Thus, the local community police operation, which creates a mutually cooperative relationship between the police and local residents, is coming to the fore as the paradigm of the nationwide police operation. The police operation in Korea has also gone through change, and as part of the local community police operation, Korea has implemented a community police system since 2003. Recently, the system has been going through change in that the operations are centralizing around not only prevention of crime including the safe city program, protection of multicultural families, response to foreign crime, protection of the socially disadvantaged but also life security of the citizens. Along these lines, this study seeks to examine conditions of the three elements of local community police operation - Strategic Oriented Policing (SOP), Neighborhood Oriented Policing (NOP), Problem Oriented Policing (POP) - and policy suggestions accordingly.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.413-417
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• 2014

Background: Prisoners represent a population group that is disadvantaged, socially deprived and underprivileged, needing particular attention with regard to provision of necessary oral health care, health promotion and motivation and tobacco cessation. Considering the situation in prisons, smoking and tobacco chewing are burning issues related to health deterioration and economic loss that seem to be overlooked by the public health sectors. Aim: To assess prisoners' perception of tobacco use and cessation in Chhatisgarh, India. Materials and Methods: A pre-tested, close ended questionnaire was administered in the form of extensive face to face interviews, to assess perceptions regarding tobacco use and cessation in the central jail of Durg District of Chhattisgarh state, India. Results: Prevalence of tobacco usage amongst the prisoners was found to be 61%. Some 27% reported smoking, 44% used tobacco in the chewable form and 29% indulged in consuming tobacco in both forms i.e. smoked as well as chewed. Results suggest several recommendations for policy relevance such as provision of a prison dentist, a tobacco cessation counseling program and targeted eradication of oral cancer by educating the prisoners. Conclusions: Health is a fundamental human "right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental well-being". This applies to prisoners just as it does to every other human being. The alarming findings in the study suggest the need for dental treatment facilities and tobacco cessation counseling in prisons.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.262-270
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• 2014

Considering that few studies had paid attention to the living characteristics and social environment surrounding amblyopes, the present study surveyed the parents of children aged 3 to 12 and diagnosed-with amblyopia to analyse the time when the children were first diagnosed-with amblyopia, the characteristics of their living environment and the socio-environmental factorsand to delve into correlations. For the purpose of this study, 104 parents of patients in 4 hospitals in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Incheon consented to participate in the survey from September 2 to November 23: 2013. As for the time when the children were first diagnosed with amblyopia: the age of 4 accounted for the highest percentage(28.8%). The older the parents were: the later the children were diagnosed with amblyopia (p<.01). The higher the education of parents, the earlier the diagnosis of amblyopia(p<.05). The present findings-will be conducive to decreasing the number of patients who have no choice but to live-with low vision for life by missing some timely visual acuity tests and ophthalmological examination and particularly to developing a social safety net that can realize national medical welfare for the low-income families and the socially disadvantaged class.With the help of information technology.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.119-128
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• 2012

This study investigated the effects of urban farm program on the participants' sense of community. Three public urban farms in Seoul were selected and surveyed. The results were as follows: First, the effects of the urban farm program on the sense of community were verified by a multifaceted analysis. There were significant differences in the interaction and sense of community between urban farms with and without regular programs. Program participants showed higher level of activity, interaction and sense of community compared to non-participants. Program participation was the most important factor in the path analysis. Second, the number of participating group, residential ownership and duration were important factors in the sense of community. This implies that urban farm programs should target house owners with long duration, in particular socially disadvantaged classes such as single-family and elderly household. Third, diverse cultural programs related to the regional society gained higher satisfaction than the simple agricultural educational programs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1269-1276
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• 2016

Background: Tobacco consumption continues to be the leading cause of preventable deaths globally. The objective of this study was to examine the associaton of selected socio-demographic variables with current tobacco use in five countries that participated in the Phase II Global Adult Tobacco Survey in 2011 - 2012. Materials and Methods: We analysed internationally comparable representative household survey data from 33,482 respondents aged ${\geq}15years$ in Indonesia, Malaysia, Romania, Argentina and Nigeria for determinants of tobacco use within each country. Socio-demographic variables analysed included gender, age, residency, education, wealth index and awareness of smoking health consequences. Current tobacco use was defined as smoking or use of smokeless tobacco daily or occasionally. Results: The overall prevalence of tobacco use varied from 5.5% in Nigeria to 35.7% in Indonesia and was significantly higher among males than females in all five countries. Odds ratios for current tobacco use were significantly higher among males for all countries [with the greatest odds among Indonesian men (OR=67.4, 95% CI: 51.2-88.7)] and among urban dwellers in Romania. The odds of current tobacco use decreased as age increased for all countries except Nigeria where. The reverse was true for Argentina and Nigeria. Significant trends for decreasing tobacco use with increasing educational levels and wealth index were seen in Indonesia, Malaysia and Romania. Significant negative associations between current tobacco use and awareness of adverse health consequences of smoking were found in all countries except Argentina. Conclusions: Males and the socially and economically disadvantaged populations are at the greatest risk of tobacco use. Tobacco control interventions maybe tailored to this segment of population and incorporate educational interventions to increase knowledge of adverse health consequences of smoking.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8749-8752
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• 2014

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the patterns of follow-up visits for cervix cancer in a national cancer center in Mexico. Materials and Methods: The National Cancer Institute of Mexico is cancer center with 119 beds that mostly cares for an underserved and socially disadvantaged population. The medical records of cases of cervical cancer that had at least one year of clinical follow-up after being in complete response at the end of primary treatment were analyzed. We recorded the numbers of total and yearly follow-up visits and these were compared with the number of follow-up visits recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network 2013, version 2 for cervical cancer. Results: Between March and June 2007, the medical records of 96 consecutive patients were reviewed. Twenty (21%) of these met inclusion criteria and were selected. In the first year the median number of visits was 11 (4-20). In the ensuing years, $2^{nd}$, $3^{rd}$, $4^{th}$ and $5^{th}$, the number of analyzed patients remaining in follow-up decreased to 17, 14, 13 and 9 respectively. There were 462 follow-up visits to primary treating services (Gynecology Oncology, Radiation Oncology and Medical Oncology) as compared to 220 suggested by the NCCN guidelines ($X^2$ test p<0.0001). There were 150 additional visits to other services. Conclusions: Our results suggest that in our institution there is an overuse of oncological services by cervical cancer patients once treatment is completed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.560-571
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• 2015

This study aims to examine primary determinant for medical expenditure depending on different age and income brackets. The age and income brackets are simultaneously taken into account for a forming of structural models, and GARCH methodology is utilized in analyzing the model. Empirical evidence reveals that no matter how general medical care system is appropriately operated, medical expenditure is vulnerable in taking care of potential socially-disadvantaged class and the group of catastrophic medical expenditure as long as the age and income brackets concern, simultaneously. It signifies that more elaborately designed medical-related policy seems to be established to improve its effectiveness. On the contrary, ageing society is comparatively well-treated by public health law and act on long-term care insurance for the aged.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

This study aims to find out the cause of delay by analyzing the process of 12 Core-based Improvement pilot projects, especially focused on lands, buildings, population status. For this purpose, it performed a literature research on maintenance plan reports, various statistics of building and population status analysis, a field research and an individual interview with public officials in charge at local governments of 12 project districts. The findings are as follows; 1) it was difficult to cope flexibly to environmental changes because the core sector was so large that the plan was led to areal improvement. 2) the project was selected without reflecting the characteristics of the core sector and the area of residents-led renovation properly in terms of building status such as building density and old buildings ratio, 3) the coordinator group for socially disadvantaged class in the district was not operated and thus foundation for residents-led renovation was not set up. In conclusion, it should be presented the proper size of the core sector when the core-based residential environment improvement project is initiated in the future. In addition, building status is taken into consideration when designating the core sector and the area of residents-led renovation. The coordinator group needs to be operated from the early stage of the project as well.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.311-321
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• 2013

Health is an essential element of human living and participation in society. Due to its significance, government tries to maintain the healthy life of tis people by providing health care and enhancement systems that focus on health welfare. Despite such efforts, there is still a loophole in the public system. The health problem in socially disadvantaged people, especially single mothers, becomes the cause of poverty, and the poverty again results in the poor health conditions. That is why the private sector became interested in this health issue. In this case study about the participants in the healthcare support programs for single mothers in the private sector, their experience and change related on participation in the programs were investigated in depth. As results, the following significance and quantitative performance in supporting the health right for single mothers were explored. Since single mothers could not have cared for their health because their duty for not only parenting but also family's living, th participants thought that they attained good fortunes and their own social networks. Moreover, their life attitude changed to active and their family relationship was also improved as they got out of ambiguous anxiety of health and attained self confidence.