• Korean Business Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.17-44
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• 2010

Even though it is generally recognized that entrepreneurship is complex socio-economic phenomena and entrepreneurial opportunities can be created from economic, social, technological, political and legal forces, entrepreneurship has been discussed in very narrow economic terms and focusing on narrow economic relationships such as consumers, suppliers, owners and employee. However, recently, a lot of researchers talk about social entrepreneurship. How can we explain social entrepreneurs? In our paper, employing stakeholder theory, we try to offer more realistic model to understand entrepreneurial opportunities. We claim that entrepreneurial exploitations can be successful only when entrepreneurs can identify ex post stakeholder inefficiencies. Thus, our efforts focus on the question of where, when, and how stakeholder inefficiencies occur?

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.131-142
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• 2016

Since global circumstances have become competitive, entrepreneurship has been regarded as the most important factors in economic revitalization not only in korea but also internationally. According to these changes, public entrepreneurship education has been started from the year of 2004 establishing Entrepreneurial Graduate School as a part of governmental plan. Although entrepreneurship education history is not long enough in korea, but the need for entrepreneurship education in social is now going ahead of the public education systems such as universities and graduate schools. Therefore, this study is conducted for the purpose of drawing the subject frame for systematized integration curriculum of entrepreneurship education through evaluating the importance of the subjects by Analytic Hierarchy Process analysis after being composed of 6 modularity in the Entrepreneurship subjects. This was structured based on studying the current status for entrepreneurship education in domestic universities and graduate schools. The research findings under the condition of Judgement consistency ratio 0.1 are as follows. The most important factors are in order as following; "Entrepreneurial Issues for Fund"(.242), "Entrepreneurship Plan"(.195), "Entrepreneurship & Entrepreneurship mindset"(.161), "Entrepreneurial Issues for Growth & Development"(.160), "Management Skill & Strategy"(.150), and "Special Entrepreneurship"(.093). Then, these findings also represent subfactors as well. The results of this study provide the practical guidelines where the curriculums needed for the entrepreneurship education at graduate schools by suggesting consistency for the systematic and comprehensive curriculum design. It was reflected the survey result from the graduate students taking the entrepreneurship subjects. Therefore, it will contribute the foundation of the present curriculum of Entrepreneurial Graduate School.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.151-165
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• 2020

Recently, the government has been spending a large amount of money to support start-ups with its major policies aimed at economic growth and job creation under the keynote of innovative growth. Nevertheless, the Global Entrepreneurship Development Institute (GEDI) gave a very low assessment of the social and cultural support areas of Korea's start-up ecosystem in the 2018 Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI), indicating that unlike the government's interest, our perception of start-ups has not been positive. This study surveyed 300 prospective entrepreneurs and entrepreneurs. In addition, this study empirically analyzes how social support of those around them is related to their entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors. As a result, it was not possible to confirm whether social support affects entrepreneurial intentions, but social support had positive influences on entrepreneurial behaviors. In addition, social support was found to have positive influences on entrepreneurial behaviors with dual mediation of entrepreneurial self-dfficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, it was confirmed that social support is a factor that influences entrepreneurial behaviors and that entrepreneurial self-efficacy has important parametric effects. The findings of this study suggest that the government and entrepreneurship support agencies need to reflect programs in start-up support poject to promote social support for start-ups and to enhance entrepreneurial self-efficacy.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.25-39
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• 2017

The role of traditional universities has been emphasized as a career path to advance into society. Recently, it has become a new paradigm of university education by emphasizing entrepreneurship as a career aspect. While entrepreneurship education is constantly expanding for college students, relatively few young people choose to start their own business. Despite the fact that the government is continuing to expand the university's entrepreneurship education, there are very few achievements that lead to actual entrepreneurship and student start-up There is still a lack of research on ways to cultivate creative talents and increase practical entrepreneurial intention. The results of this study are as follows: First, the effects of creativity competency education on self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention were analyzed. The effect of self-efficacy on the entrepreneurial intention. Finally This study examined the effects of social support (parent support) between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention. This study used 393 samples in August 2016 for university students who received entrepreneurship education. The results showed that the ability of communicative communication and creative problem solving had a positive effect on self-efficacy. On the other hand, innovative work behavior abilities did not directly affect self-efficacy. In addition, creative problem solving ability and innovative work behavior ability had a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention. On the other hand, the ability to communicate in a collaborative manner has no direct effect on the entrepreneurial intention. In addition, self-efficacy has a positive effect on the entrepreneurial intention. Finally, the adjustment effect of social support (parent support) between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intention has no effect. The implications of this study are empirically verified the effectiveness of creativity capacity through entrepreneurship education and the result of meaningful research that the social support through cooperation of parents is indispensable in order to increase the actual starting will of college students. Therefore, universities need to establish entrepreneurship education programs for their parents in order to increase the willingness of college students to start-up. This study can be used as a meaningful basic data for establishing policy for student start - up and suggesting the right direction of entrepreneurship education.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.27-44
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to empirically verify the effect of social entrepreneurship on market orientation. total of 500 questionnaires were distributed to workers in social enterprise and preliminary social enterprise. 202 questionnaires were used for final validation of research model, The hypotheses set in this study were validated through SPSS18.0 and LISREL8.3 based on the research model. The results showed that all hypotheses were accepted, except for 5 hypotheses(Hypothesis 1-1, Hypothesis 1-2, Hypothesis 1-3, Hypothesis 1-6, Hypothesis 1-9). First, we examined the effect that empathy might have on market orientation in connection with social entrepreneurship. The results suggested that empathy did not have a statistically significant effect on customer-orientation, inter-department cooperation and coordination, and competitor orientation. Second, we examined the effect that innovativeness might have on market orientation in connection with social entrepreneurship. The results showed that innovativeness had a positive(+) effect on customer-orientation and inter-department cooperation and coordination but did not have a statistically significant effect on competitor-orientation. Third, we examined the effect that risk-taking might have on market orientation in connection with social entrepreneurship. The results implied that risk-taking had a positive(+) effect on customer-orientation and inter-department cooperation and coordination but did not have a statistically significant effect on competitor-orientation. Finally, the relationship among market orientation variables was like this: The inter-department cooperation and coordination had a positive(+) effect on both customer-orientation and competitor-orientation. The results of this study are expected to provide a useful basis for overall understanding about the effect of social entrepreneurship on market orientation and present important theoretical and practical implications.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.71-81
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• 2016

Sothe Korea that entered in to aging society in year 2000 according to the entrance in 2017 as in log-term the young work focrce decrease and skilled elder populatin decrease became important issue of national entrepreneurship & re-employment of middle-age' has become the topic of social problems. The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a entrepreneurship & re-employment education to job-seeking anxiety, job-seeking stress and entrepreneurial intention in an effort to prove the effectiveness of entrepreneurship & re-employment education. The subjects in this study were 67 believer who were of G church in the city of K. A entrepreneurship & re-employment education was conducted in fourteen sessions, once a week. The major findings of the study were as follows: First, the experimental group who participated in the entrepreneurship & re-employment education felt less job-seeking anxiety. Second, the experimental group who participated in the entrepreneurship & re-employment education felt less job-seeking stress. Third, the experimental group who participated in the entrepreneurship & re-employment education showed improvement in entrepreneurial intention.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.11-26
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• 2016

Businesses have to survive and thrive in both domestic and international environments. In order to resolve these problems, new alternatives have been presented. These include the importance of women's resources and entrepreneurship of female CEOs. The sensibility, delicacy, creativity as well as the intuitive power of female CEOs, actively enables them to cope with the ever-changing environment. Because of the rapidly changing circumstances, the above mentions women's attributes are highlighted thus, causing women's roles in society to shift from their traditional tendencies to finding careers and their own identities. Due to this change in social roles, social interest and the values of female CEOs are being reevaluated. Accordingly, the conceptual consideration of female entrepreneurship (innovation, enterprise, risk sensitivity) as well as the factors to be considered for the entrepreneurship of female CEOs in order to promote knowledge management performance was derived in this research. The deducted implication of this research is that generally, the enterprise and risk sensitivity of entrepreneurship affect the knowledge management performance of female CEOs. It is therefore proved that in the case of female CEOs, entrepreneurship and self-efficacy are linked, allowing them to achieve the desired outcome for a specific task performance. Female CEOs are capable of company management through the mediating process of their enterprise, risk sensitivity, and self-efficacy and with faith in their knowledge management, will be able to achieve high performance. Therefore, using strengths and nature peculiar to women, women's economic activities derived from knowledge management based on entrepreneurship will not only help overcome the long-term economy crisis but also lead to high economic growth and development. This will be a dynamic force for the nation's new growth with financial means. The comparative study of existing results will also contribute in suggesting the direction of policies that will enable the success of female CEOs in entrepreneurship.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.43-51
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• 2017

As the need for entrepreneurship to create new values and innovate in the rapidly changing social environment is emerging, education for entrepreneurial is emerging in university education. The purpose of this study is to understand the current status of entrepreneurship education and to derive the priority of education based on actual indicators of importance-performance. For this study, we surveyed 227 female college students in E Woman's University by using the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) method for entrepreneurship factors. The result showed that the means of importance of all factors and sub-factors of entrepreneurship were higher than the means of performance of them, and the difference was statistically significant except for the determination. In addition, the results of the IPA matrix analysis showed that the factors that needed urgent improvement in self-confidence, future-orientation, active/innovative activities, and proactivity. Based on the results of this study, the implications of the development of entrepreneurship curriculum for college students in engineering field were discussed. This study is meaningful that it provided practical basic information of curriculum design leading to the manifestation of entrepreneurship of women in engineering field by analyzing entrepreneurship of female engineering students and deriving priority factors of educational treatment.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.51-76
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• 2022

Identifying the factors that influence the formation of the entrepreneurial intention is important in cultivating entrepreneurs and inducing entrepreneurial innovation in the country. Previous studies have mainly examined the direct effects of social cognition attributes as predictors on entrepreneurial intentions or entrepreneurial activities. However, the fundamental factors that these social cognition attributes are derived from have not been sufficiently addressed in the field of entrepreneurship. Based on social cognitive theory and schema theory, this study assumes that an individual's entrepreneurial experience is an important antecedent factor in forming social cognitive attributes, and reveals the mechanism for how experience forms entrepreneurial intention. To this end, this study analyzes the influence of entrepreneurs' prior experience of entrepreneurial activities on entrepreneurial self-efficacy, opportunity recognition, and fear of failure which are considered to be the main variables that shape entrepreneurial intention. And it analyzes how these factors have a significant effect on entrepreneurship intention. Along with this, the mediating role of these social cognitive attributes is analyzed in order to understand the path that leads from entrepreneurial experience to entrepreneurial intention. This study also suggests how gender moderates the effect of entrepreneurship experience on social cognitive attributes. As a result of the analysis, it was found that entrepreneurial experience increase entrepreneurial self-efficacy and opportunity recognition of entrepreneurs, and decrease the fear of failure. These social perception attribute significantly mediate the relationship between entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial intention. This study also found that there are significant moderating effects of gender on the relationship of entrepreneurial experience and both of entrepreneurial self-efficacy and fear of failure. This study also analyzed the impact of the entrepreneurial experience of failure, which corresponds to the detailed experience. Similar to the results of entrepreneurial experience analysis, entrepreneurial experience of failure plays a role in enhancing entrepreneurial self-efficacy. However, its effect on opportunity recognition and fear of failure were not significant. An empirical analysis of data related to 25,047 entrepreneurs from 87 countries, using the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), shows the differences in the formation of individuals' entrepreneurial intentions according to entrepreneurial experience and the mediating role of social cognitive attributes. The study has embodied the social cognitive theory on entrepreneurial intention by shedding light on the variables that are important but alienated for increasing entrepreneurial intention. Moreover, the study enhances the understanding of cognitive processes leading from individual experiences to entrepreneurial intentions. This study also emphasizes the importance of differentiated approach by gender for boosting entrepreneurial intention through analysis of moderating effect of gender.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.12
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• pp.203-210
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• 2021

This paper explores the direct relationships between perceived support, attitude toward entrepreneurship, institutional environment, entrepreneurship education, risk-taking, and entrepreneurial intention. A survey of 1,000 students in Vietnam was conducted through face-to-face structured interviews. The confirmatory factor analysis and technique of structural equation modeling were used to explore relationships among latent constructs. The results show that entrepreneurship education, attitude, and social norms positively affect entrepreneurial intention. The findings of this study suggest that attitude has the strongest effect on entrepreneurial intention. More specifically, when students have an attitude toward entrepreneurship, they are more likely to start their own businesses. Research also showed that students are more likely to start a business when they find support from those around them and the knowledge and skills from the university. In contrast, the remaining factors, including perceived support, institutional environment, and risk-taking, do not affect entrepreneurial intention. The reasons for this result are that students cannot accurately assess risks due to lack of entrepreneurial knowledge, and start-up policies in Vietnam are currently focusing on financial support, but not on many other aspects, so that it may lead to start-up policies not being appreciated. The results provide implications for policymakers and educators for entrepreneurship development.