• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.283-294
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• 2015

The study examines the effect of IT education on on-line social relationship of older adults. The study group composed of 114 older adults who received IT education (computer class, internet class, and smart-phone class) at two community welfare centers in Seoul. In order to compare the effect of IT education of the study group, the control group who did not receive any IT education was recruited (N = 30). Social Capital Scale was used to measure on-line social relationship. The on-line social relationship was composed of social bonding type and social bridging type. Results showed that the study group significantly higher scores than did the control group on three subscales (emotional support, access to scare or limited resources, and out-group antagonism) of social bonding type except one subscale (ability to mobilize solidarity). With regard to social bridging type of social relationship, the study group significantly higher scores that did the control group on all four subscales (outward looking, contact with a broad rage of people, a view of oneself as part of a broader group, and diffuse reciprocity with a broader community). The findings highlight the importance of IT education for older adults to expand and increase social bonding and social bridging of social relationship.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.155-168
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• 2023

This study focused on working women's perceptions of social attractiveness and their appearance management behavior. Social attractiveness is defined as individuals' achieved attractiveness which can be expressed through social expressive power or social skills rather than innate physical appearance. This study was empirically conducted through questionnaires distributed to 200 working women in South Korea. According to the results, the participants recognized four factors constituting social attractiveness: physical appearance management, business manners, social skills, and sexual attractiveness. When they were asked to assess themselves on the same measures, these characteristics were further classified into six factors: business manners, feminine attractiveness, fashion sense, sociability, communication skills, and active appearance management. Their self-perceived social attractiveness was found to be influenced by all these factors in the order of feminine attractiveness, business manners, sociability, communication skills. Based on the self-presentation tendencies, the participants were classified into various groups, including the passive management group, daily life-oriented management group, work-oriented management group, neutral group, and active management group. The relative importance of the social attractiveness components was found to differ by group, although working women in all groups rated weight management higher than appearance management behavior. This study has implications in that it facilitates an understanding of the concept of social attractiveness and also provides a foundation base in terms of beauty consulting and marketing for working women to improve their social attractiveness.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.277-304
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• 2005

The review of the literature shows that analysts tend to follow two approaches in their investigation of the differences in terms of the development of welfare state. The first approach focused on the logic of industrialization. In this account, technological and structural changes rather than political choices of ideological preferences and culture create the conditions for the emergence of welfare state. The second approach emphasizes the importance of the growth of unionization for the development of welfare state. However, this study analyses the development of welfare state by using cultural theory developed by Mary Douglas. Culture theory has a specific point of departure : the grid-group typology proposed by Mary Douglas. Group refers to the extent to which an individual is incorporated into bounded units. Grid denotes the degree to which an individual's life is circumscribed by externally imposed prescriptions. Hierarchical culture (high grid-high group) favors social conservatism, giving government the right to intervene in matters of social institutions. Germany and Japan belong to this culture. Individualistic culture (low grid-low group) reluctant to develop social insurance programs. Individuals who are bound by neither group incorporation nor prescribed roles inhabit an individualistic social context. Great Britain and the United Sates of America belong to this culture. Egalitarian culture (low grid-high group) prefer to develop social insurance program. Strong group boundaries couples with minimal prescriptions produce social relations that are egalitarian. Sweden belong to this culture.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.67-78
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• 2011

The purposes of this study were to explore the differences in maternal parenting behaviors, parents' conflict, social support, and social competence according to boys' and girls' depression level. The participants of this study were 150 children of 4 to 6 grades and their teachers from one elementary school in Seoul. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-test. The result were as follows: Firstly, depressive boys perceived less maternal warmth and more parents' conflict than non-depression group. And boys of depression group had less task orientation than non-depression group. Secondly, depressive girls perceived less maternal warmth, supervision, and parents' support, and more parents' conflict than non-depression group. And girls of depression group were rated having less peer social skills, frustration tolerance than non-depression group by teachers.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.127-139
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• 2014

This study was aimed to develop an integrative art program that incorporates both emotional and pro-social components for young children (age, 4-5 years). Furthermore, the effectiveness of this integrative program was examined with 39 young children who were divided into the experimental group and the control group of this study. To the experimental group, the integrative art program of interest in this study was provided over 8 weeks. The children of the control group were provided a similar program during the same period. To measure the levels of young children's emotional intelligence and those of their pro-social behavior were assessed by using the emotional intelligence questionnaire and the children's pro-social behavior assessment scale to collect the data. The analysis of covariance by SPSS 18.0 indicated that the young children from the experimental group exhibited higher total scores for emotional intelligence and pro-social behaviors than their counterparts from the control group. The results indicate that the integrative art program of interest in this study improved the young children's emotional intelligence and their pro-social behaviors. Along with main results of this study, implications for research and practice were discussed.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.113-133
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• 2016

Why illegal digital contents sharing happens? This study pays attention to the fact that file sharing is an exchanging behavior between people and it is expanding despite of an illegal behavior and proposes that it is necessary for the phenomenon to be understood from social cultural point of view beyond a personal dimension. Based on the social exchange theory, this study demonstrates effects of file sharing attitudes and continuity, regarding 'group norm', 'popular demand', 'reciprocity' and 'social solidarity' as main factors. The main findings of this study are as followed;- First, it is shown that a tacit agreement of a group on file sharing is a determinant of positive attitude to file sharing and the intent of continual file sharing. Second, it is not found that the social relationship factors that are regarded as potential influential factors on file sharing attitude have effects on file sharing behavior, except for 'group norm'. Unlike previous studies, the results may come from the fact that this study deals with an illegal behavior. The third finding indicates a structural relationship between social relationship factors. When members of a group have more amicable attitude to file sharing including silence or a tacit agreement on file sharing, more people ask illegal sharing of files that they need. Such public demand creates expectation of reciprocity. As reciprocity maintains, social connectedness is strengthened. Then, strong social connectedness escalates the intent to maintain file sharing. It is important to notice that this study promotes understanding of how digital contents sharing happens by structuring and demonstrating influential relationship between characteristic factors of the social relationship.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.53-72
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• 2023

Objective: This study examined the effects of cooking activities related to seasonal customs on the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of young children. Methods: Participants consisted of thirty-four 5-year-old children who were attending S preschool in Jeollanamdo. Seventeen children belonged to the experimental group and seventeen children to the comparative group. The experimental group participated in cooking activities related to seasonal customs, and the comparative group in cooking activities according to life themes of Nuri curriculum. Results: The results of this study revealed a significant improvement in the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of young children in the experimental group. That is to say, the scores of the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the comparative group. Conclusion/Implications: This study carries significant implications for the early childhood field as it provides valuable insight into teaching-learning activities that effectively enhance the language expression ability and pro-social behaviors of young children.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.65-79
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• 1992

The present study investigated perception of social authority by children and adolescents removed from illegally built shacks 181 children and adolescents from illegally built shacks and 200 comparative respondants of middle socioeconomic status were investigated. Perception of the social authority figures was classified by 5 categories(self, family member, neighbor, teacher and peer. social authority, collective member) in terms of contactable possibility and psychological distance. The data were analyzed by Hest. The results showed that (1) compared with their middle class peers(M group) children and adolescents from illegally built shacks(S group) perceived social authority figures positively, while they perceived their own family members less favorably. (2) The S group regarded their teachers as more valuable and able than M group. (3) The S group perceived social authority figures, i. e., statemen. polices. national assembly members. public servants and enterprisers, less favorably than their family members. (4) There were main effects of the age and sex variables of respondants. (5) There was an interaction effects between the age. sex and SES variables and was also interation effect between age. sex and task variables in cognition for the social authority figures. There was also an interaction effect between age and SES variables in perception for the personal traits of the social authority figures.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.389-400
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• 1997

This study examined the effects of group social support on the reduction of burden and increase in well-being of mothers of developmentally delayed children. The research used a one group pre-pose experimental design. The independent variable in the experiment was group social support. Two series of 4-weekly meetings for group social support were conducted by the researcher with the intention of developing a self-help group. The dependent variables were burden and well-being. Well-being was operationalized as physical symptoms and quality of life. Thirty mothers of developmentally delayed infants from the rehabilitation center of a medical center participated in the study. Data were collected by interviews and a self-administered questionnaire. The mean age of the subjects was 29.9 years. Changes of the dependent variables between pre and post tests were compared using the t-test. Even though there was a slight improvement in the scores for the dependent variables, they were not statistically significant. The items, "I resent my baby". "I feel angry about my interactions with my baby", "I feel guilty in my relationship with my baby" showed a significant decrease in burden score and were statistically significant. Symptoms of loneliness, constipation, anxiety, restlessness were less and feeling of happiness was greater after participation in the group social support, than on the pretest. The mothers showed emotional instability and frustrations during the group sessions but their reactions in general were positive. Emotional support, stress management and information provided were identified as the most valuable content of the sessions. However, participation was not active due to the mother's denial, delayed acceptance and /or avoidance of their infants' problems. It can be seen that group social support for the mothers with developmentally delayed children should be provided after infancy when the mothers have time to accept their children's conditions and are ready to receive support. The use of comprehensive instruments which measure burden in both families and mothers needs to be developed for future research.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.137-158
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• 2011

This study is to investigate the effect of music therapy Program on Problem Behaviors and Social Skills Children with ADHD. The participants of the study were first and second graders in B elementary school in J city. They were observed in unsuitable behavioral patterns in school life by their homeroom teachers. Fifteen participants were divided into control and experimental group: The control group was eight and the experimental group was seven. Group music therapy was conducted two times a week for seven-week period. It took 35-40 minutes per therapy after school. Child Behavior Checklist-Korean, Social Skills Rating System, Social Acceptance were administered in pre- and post-stages. For the analysis of the data, Mann-Whitney U test was used. The findings from the research are summarized as follows: 1) The experimental group who was treated in music therapy showed a positive effect on problem behaviors. That is to say, the participants in the experimental group improved in emotional and cognitive stability while they significantly decreased attack behaviors; 2) The experimental group statistically showed significant improvement in their social behaviors compared to the control group. The music therapy group significantly increased social skills such as cooperation, self-assertion, and self-control. However, they did not improve responsibility as social skills in a significant manner; and 3) The experimental group showed higher degree of social acceptance than the control group. However, the result did not show a significant difference between the groups. In conclusion, the study proved positive effects of music therapy on ADHD children's uncarefulness, attack behaviors, and social skills for seven-week experimental period.