• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2021

Most of the stores of small business owners are those that use a large number of electrical devices, and in particular, there are many stores that use a cold storage system. In severe cases, there is a lot of power load on the store, which can cause a loss to the assets in the store as the power supply is cut off. Accordingly, in this paper, an LSTM-based power load prediction system was designed to measure the energy demand rate of stores and to save energy. Since it can be used as a data-based power saving system for small and medium-sized stores, it is expected to be used as a data-based power demand prediction system for small businesses in the future, and to be used in the field of preventing damage due to power load.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.328-337
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• 2022

The importance of online marketing is emerging due to the prevalence of COVID-19. In order to respond to the changing business environment, we have collected ten years of sales data of SME bakery company that have experienced a decrease in sales due to the COVID-19. As a result of the analysis, we found that switching from offline markets to omnichannel B2B and B2C markets and taking 'small quantity batch production' to 'mass production in a small variety can improve management. This study presented online and offline marketing strategies through data analysis of small and medium-sized bakery companies, which have relatively insufficient digital capabilities compared to large companies, and could be a guideline for many SMEs.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.123-130
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to capture risk profiles of smaller-sized Korean firms $vis-{\grave{a}}-vis$ larger-sized firms during the Asian financial crisis. For this purpose, risk profiles are provided by estimating expected default risks and by tracking how these have changed during this period with respect to their magnitude, volatility, and sensitivity measures. Methodology used in this study employs the Black-Scholes-Merton model for producing estimates of default risks. And the conventional trans-log function is utilized for obtaining sensitivity measures of the estimated default risks. According to empirical evidence obtained here, it is revealed that contractions of corporate loans associated with IMF austerity policy was the main factor responsible for the drastic change in the default risk profile of Korean firms after occurrence of the Asian financial crisis.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2004

In this study, the influence of heat treatment and Ca contents on the electrochemical behavior was investigated. Mg-Ca alloys, i.e., Mg-0.22wt%Ca, Mg-0.56wt%Ca, Mg-1.31wt%Ca are prepared by ingot metallurgy. As-cast Mg-Ca alloys exhibited better electrochemical properties than pure Mg. Especially, Mg-0.22wt%Ca alloy improves its anode efficiency up to 62% and lowers the OCP up to -1.72VSCE. Microstructure and XRD patterns of Mg-Ca alloys show that additive Ca element is mainly solid-solutioned. While, the others show the microstructure and XRD pattern with large $Mg_2Ca$ at grain boundary. To assess the effect of heat treatment on the as-cast Mg-alloy, the specimens were heat treated at $200^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours under $CO_2$ gas atmosphere. Although corrosion properties of Mg-Ca alloys are somewhat deteriorated by heat treatment at $200^{\circ}C$ Mg-0.22wt%Ca alloy with uniformly distributed nano-sized $Mg_2Ca$ phase in ${\alpha}$-Mg matrix show still better corrosion properties than pure Mg specimen.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.67 no.4
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• pp.183-190
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• 2018

Predicting accurate electricity prices is an important task in the electricity trading market. To address the electricity price forecasting problem, various approaches have been proposed so far and it is known that linear regression-based approaches are the best. However, the use of such linear regression-based methods is limited due to low accuracy and performance. In traditional linear regression methods, it is not practical to find a nonlinear regression model that explains the training data well. If the training data is complex (i.e., small-sized individual data and large-sized features), it is difficult to find the polynomial function with n terms as the model that fits to the training data. On the other hand, as a linear regression model approximating a nonlinear regression model is used, the accuracy of the model drops considerably because it does not accurately reflect the characteristics of the training data. To cope with this problem, we propose a new electricity price forecasting method that divides the entire dataset to multiple split datasets and find the best linear regression models, each of which is the optimal model in each dataset. Meanwhile, to improve the performance of the proposed method, we modify the proposed localized linear regression method in the map and reduce way that is a framework for parallel processing data stored in a Hadoop distributed file system. Our experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms the existing linear regression model. Specifically, the accuracy of the proposed method is improved by 45% and the performance is faster 5 times than the existing linear regression-based model.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2011

The Korean distribution industry is gearing up for an endless competition. Greeting low growth era, less competitive parties will be challanged seriously for their survival. But for large discount stores, they have shown steady annual growth for years. However, because of the saturation for numbers of stores, the difficulty of gaining new sites, and the changes in the consumer's consumption behavior caused by the recession, now they are seeking for a new customers-based business formats. Accordingly, a large corporate comopanies made supermarkets which are belonged to affiliated companies of large corporate comopanies. They based on the strong buying power, focused on SSM(Super Super Market) ave been aggressively develop nationwide multi-stores. The point is that these stores are threatening at small and medium-sized, community-based private supermarkets. Private supermarkets and retailers, who are using existing old operation systems and their dilapidated facilities, are losing a competitive edge in business. Recent the social effects of large series of corporate supermarkets for traditional markets has been very controversial, and commercial media, academia, and industry associated with it have been held many seminars and public hearings. This may slow down the speed in accordance with the regulations, but will not be the crucial alternative. The reason for this recent surge of enterprise-class SSM up, one of the reasons is a stagnation in their offline discount mart, so they are finding new growth areas. Already in the form of large supermarkets across the country got most of the geographical centre point and is saturated with stages. Targeting small businesses that do not cover discount Mart, in order to expand business in the form of SSM is urgent. By contrast, private supermarkets are going to lose their competitiveness. The vulnerability of individual supermarkets, one of the vulnerabilities is price which economies of scale can not be realized so they are purchasing a small amount of products and difficult to get a quantity discount. The lack of organization and collaboration, and education which is not practical, caused the absencer of service-oriented situations. As a first solution, making specialty shops which are handling agricultures, fruits and vegetables and manufactured goods is recommended. Second, private supermarkets franchisees join the organization for the organization and collaboration is recomaned. It can be meet the scale of economy and can be formed a alternative business formats to a government. Third, the education is needed as a good service will get consumer's awareness. In addition, a psychological stores operating is also one way to stimulate consumer sentiment as SSM can't operate. Japan already has a better conditions of their lives through small chain expression. This study includes the vulnerabilities of private supermarkets, and suggests a competitiveness reinforcement strategies.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.75-90
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• 2003

When we think of fundamental problems of the aquaculture industry, there are several strict conditions, and consequently the aquaculture industry is forced to change. Fish aquaculture has a structural supply surplus in production, aggravation of fishing grounds, stagnant low price due to recent recession, and drastic change of distribution circumstances. It is requested for us to initiate discussion on such issue as “how fish aquaculture establishes its status in the coastal fishery\ulcorner, will fish aquaculture grow in the future\ulcorner, and if so “how it will be restructured\ulcorner” The above issues can be observed in the mariculture of yellow tail, sea scallop and eel. But there have not been studied concerning seabream even though the production is over 30% of the total production of fish aquaculture in resent and it occupied an important status in the fish aquaculture. The objectives of this study is to forecast the future movement of sea bream aquaculture. The first goal of the study is to contribute to managerial and economic studies on the aquaculture industry. The second goal is to identify the factors influencing the competition between production areas and to identify the mechanisms involved. This study will examine the competitive power in individual producing area, its behavior, and its compulsory factors based on case study. Producing areas will be categorized according to following parameters : distance to market and availability of transportation, natural environment, the time of formation of producing areas (leaderㆍfollower), major production items, scale of business and producing areas, degree of organization in production and sales. As a factor in shaping the production area of sea bream aquaculture, natural conditions especially the water temperature is very important. Sea bream shows more active feeding and faster growth in areas located where the water temperature does not go below 13∼14$^{\circ}C$ during the winter. Also fish aquaculture is constrained by the transporting distance. Aquacultured yellowtail is a mass-produced and a mass-distributed item. It is sold a unit of cage and transported by ship. On the other hand, sea bream is sold in small amount in markets and transported by truck; so, the transportation cost is higher than yellow tail. Aquacultured sea bream has different product characteristics due to transport distance. We need to study live fish and fresh fish markets separately. Live fish was the original product form of aquacultured sea bream. Transportation of live fish has more constraints than the transportation of fresh fish. Death rate and distance are highly correlated. In addition, loading capacity of live fish is less than fresh fish. In the case of a 10 ton truck, live fish can only be loaded up to 1.5 tons. But, fresh fish which can be placed in a box can be loaded up to 5 to 6 tons. Because of this characteristics, live fish requires closer location to consumption area than fresh fish. In the consumption markets, the size of fresh fish is mainly 0.8 to 2kg.Live fish usually goes through auction, and quality is graded. Main purchaser comes from many small-sized restaurants, so a relatively small farmer and distributer can sell it. Aquacultured sea bream has been transacted as a fresh fish in GMS ,since 1993 when the price plummeted. Economies of scale works in case of fresh fish. The characteristics of fresh fish is as follows : As a large scale demander, General Merchandise Stores are the main purchasers of sea bream and the size of the fish is around 1.3kg. It mainly goes through negotiation. Aquacultured sea bream has been established as a representative food in General Merchandise Stores. GMS require stable and mass supply, consistent size, and low price. And Distribution of fresh fish is undertook by the large scale distributers, which can satisfy requirements of GMS. The market share in Tokyo Central Wholesale Market shows Mie Pref. is dominating in live fish. And Ehime Pref. is dominating in fresh fish. Ehime Pref. showed remarkable growth in 1990s. At present, the dealings of live fish is decreasing. However, the dealings of fresh fish is increasing in Tokyo Central Wholesale Market. The price of live fish is decreasing more than one of fresh fish. Even though Ehime Pref. has an ideal natural environment for sea bream aquaculture, its entry into sea bream aquaculture was late, because it was located at a further distance to consumers than the competing producing areas. However, Ehime Pref. became the number one producing areas through the sales of fresh fish in the 1990s. The production volume is almost 3 times the production volume of Mie Pref. which is the number two production area. More conversion from yellow tail aquaculture to sea bream aquaculture is taking place in Ehime Pref., because Kagosima Pref. has a better natural environment for yellow tail aquaculture. Transportation is worse than Mie Pref., but this region as a far-flung producing area makes up by increasing the business scale. Ehime Pref. increases the market share for fresh fish by creating demand from GMS. Ehime Pref. has developed market strategies such as a quick return at a small profit, a stable and mass supply and standardization in size. Ehime Pref. increases the market power by the capital of a large scale commission agent. Secondly Mie Pref. is close to markets and composed of small scale farmers. Mie Pref. switched to sea bream aquaculture early, because of the price decrease in aquacultured yellou tail and natural environmental problems. Mie Pref. had not changed until 1993 when the price of the sea bream plummeted. Because it had better natural environment and transportation. Mie Pref. has a suitable water temperature range required for sea bream aquaculture. However, the price of live sea bream continued to decline due to excessive production and economic recession. As a consequence, small scale farmers are faced with a market price below the average production cost in 1993. In such kind of situation, the small-sized and inefficient manager in Mie Pref. was obliged to withdraw from sea bream aquaculture. Kumamoto Pref. is located further from market sites and has an unsuitable nature environmental condition required for sea bream aquaculture. Although Kumamoto Pref. is trying to convert to the puffer fish aquaculture which requires different rearing techniques, aquaculture technique for puffer fish is not established yet.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-44
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of the Naeil Chaeum deduction system on job satisfaction. The results of the study are summarized as follows. A total of 159 small to medium-sized enterprise workers participated in the deduction for Naeil Chaeum. The data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 20, which included frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and post analysis. First, the suitability of the method of the Naeil Chaeum deduction system has the highest positive effect on the job satisfaction. Second, the correlation of job satisfaction after filling in Naeil Chaeum deductions showed that fitness (p <.01, ${\beta}=.307$) and efficiency (p <.01, ${\beta}=.296$) had a significant effect on job satisfaction. Third, the analysis of the difference of job satisfaction according to the academic ability of the workers who were enrolled in Naeil Chaeum deduction system was analyzed that professional college graduates (2.08) were higher than job college graduates (1.99).The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of the Fill - Down System on the job satisfaction by analyzing the importance of quality of life, job satisfaction, and muscle strength, analyzing the difference according to the demographic characteristics of the workers, And helping to stabilize the work life, and to verify the effectiveness of the study.

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.19-37
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out what could be the cause of increasing the re-use intention for the continuous management of customers in terms of finding a strategic plan for the survival of Medium Sized Hospital To this end, a hypothesis for the direct effect verifying the structural relationship, a hypothesis for the mediating effect of attachment, and a hypothesis for the moderating effect on the hospital image were presented. The survey analysis results for customers who experienced the services of 5 Medium Sized Hospital in Gyeonggi-do were as follows. First, The results of analysis of the effect of Medium Sized Hospital customers' perceived value on reuse intention are as follows. all sub-factors of perceived value did not have a significant effect on reuse intention. This is significant in that it shows that the change occurred due to the involvement of attachment. Second, the results of examining the mediating effect of attachment in the relationship between the perceived value of small and medium hospital customers and their intention to reuse are as follows. Attachment to doctor's competency significantly mediated the relationship between quality value and reuse intention, emotional value and reuse intention, and social value and reuse intention. Significantly mediated the relationship between the provinces and the relationship between the price value and the intention to reuse. Third, hospital image significantly adjusted the relationship between quality value and medical technology competency. Based on the above results, it is necessary to establish a strategy of value perceived by customers as a strategy to increase the reuse intention of small and medium hospital customers. Therefore, the strategic goal setting of this value should be 'promoting attachment', and since the hospital image adjusts the perceived value and attachment of small and medium hospital customers, it is an image strategy that allows customers to appreciate their attachment to doctors and medical technology more highly. will have to establish.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.636-662
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• 2018

Recently, the Moon administration established the Ministry of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Startups, as part of its national strategy for start-up and innovation growth led by small and medium-sized venture companies. In a slowing economy, as venture companies with excellent internal competencies are seen to be favorable to growth, the government funding for technology development is becoming increasingly important. Previous studies examine the internal competence factors that can strengthen competitiveness through self-efforts and the influence structure of growth stage, which is an important factor in industrial environment, on business performance. As the government support for venture firms has been strengthened, the effect of government funding on the management performance and technological innovation performance of venture firms have been recently discussed in various ways. However, there is a lack of precedent research on the moderating effect of the utilization of government funding on the existing influence structure in which firm's internal competence and growth stages affects business performance. Therefore, this study examined whether the internal competencies of the venture firms and the stage of growth have direct effects on business performance and analyzed the moderating effect in connection with government funding utilization under these influence structures. The results of the study are as follows. First, the utilization of government funding in the venture firms whose R&D personnel ratio is relatively low, not to have own brands and showed an increase of employees has a significantly positive influence on business performance. Second, the moderating effects of the government funding utilization at the high growth stage of the venture firms are shown significantly. These results suggest that the venture policy linked to the job creation of the present government requires not only the support considering R&D personnel but also the necessity of supporting human resources policy to a greater extent and further study on the effectiveness of venture firms in the high growth stage.