• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.69-83
• /
• 2006

The purpose of the present driving simulation study was to investigate the effects of fatigue induced both by sleep deprivation and time-on-task on driver's driving performance. The results are as followings. First, although the drivers in almost every experimental conditions showed faster driving speed than that was required, the drivers in the sleep-deprivation and over 1-hour time-on-task condition drove slower than the target speed. Second, the drivers in the sleep-deprivation and over 1-hour time-on-task condition crossed the lane less frequently than those in the other conditions, they weaved more in the lane. Third, as the drivers became more fatigued both by sleep deprivation and continuous driving, they reported higher fatigue scores in the subjective fatigue ratings. The results suggested that although the drivers might adapt a compensative driving strategies when they were fatigued, their driving performances were indeed impaired, in general.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.37 no.7
• /
• pp.1108-1118
• /
• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of hand acupuncture therapy on sleep quality by means of a sleep questionnaire, polysomnography and a cerebral blood flow test in $30{\sim}59$ year old adults. Methods: The study was a sham controlled design. Twenty-two adults were assigned to the pellet stimulating group (11) or sham group (11). The pellet stimulating group received hand acupuncture therapy using New Seoam Press Pellets number 1 for 4 weeks. On the other hand, the sham group used the same Adhesive tape in terms of shape, size and quality as New Seoam Press Pellets number 1 for 4 weeks. A Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography and Carotid Duplex Ultrasonography examination were used for evaluating cerebral blood flow. Data was analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 version program with $X^2-test$, Fisher's exact test and Mann Whitney U-test. Results: In the pellet stimulating group, subjective sleep quality significantly improved more than that of the sham group. Among the sleep indices of the polysomnography, total sleep time and sleep latency of the sham group significantly improved. The cerebral blood flow test didn't show any differences. Conclusion: These results suggest that hand acupuncture therapy is effective for subjective sleep improvement only, not polysomnographical sleep indices and cerebral blood flow.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.189-197
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep duration, quality of sleep and depression, and to identify the factors associated with depression in middle school students. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design with secondary data, middle school student panel data from the Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey (2018), and data from a total of 2,590 students was used for analysis. For the statistical analysis, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression were performed using SPSS ver. 26. Results: The mean depression score in adolescents was 17.99±6.38. Depression had significant differences according to sleep duration and quality. Adolescents with less than eight hours of sleep showed the highest depression, and poor sleepers showed higher depression scores than good sleepers. Gender, school achievement, school satisfaction, economic status, and exercise time were found to significantly relate to depression. After controlling for general characteristics, depression explained 17.2% of the variance in quality of sleep (β=-.15, p<.001) and sleep duration (β=-.04, p=.022). Conclusion: These findings indicate that it is necessary to develop intervention strategies to enhance the quality of sleep and appropriate sleep duration for preventing depression in adolescents.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.169-176
• /
• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to investigate clinical characteristics and risk factors for sleep disturbance in patients with prostate cancer. Method: Participants were recruited from P hospital outpatient clinic from March 23 to April 20, 2006, and 101 participants completed a questionnaire assessing general and clinical characteristics, sleep quality, physical symptoms and psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression. The data was analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 program. Results: In this study, 29.7% of the patients reported sleep disturbance. Cancer diagnosis related factors which affected sleep disturbance were onset (55.3%) and aggravation (83.3%). Habitual sleep efficiency of patients with sleep disturbance was as follows: bedtime was 10 PM, wake-up time was 6AM, sleep duration was six hours and twenty minutes. Risk factors for the presence of sleep disturbance included metastasis, the presence of intestinal symptoms, depression and anxiety. Conclusion: Sleep disturbance is a frequent problem associated with prostate cancer and seems to be influenced by aggravation of illness and the presence of physical and psychological symptoms.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2008

Sleep is an essential process maintaining the life cycle of the human. In parallel with physiological, cognitive, subjective, and behavioral changes that take place during the sleep, there are remarkable changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) that reflect the underlying electro-physiological activity of the brain. However, analyzing EEG and relating the results to clinical observations is often very hard due to the complexity and a huge data amount. In this article, I introduce several linear and non-linear tools, developed to analyze a huge time series data in many scientific researches, and apply them to EEG to characterize various sleep states. In particular, the spectral analysis, detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA), and synchrony analysis are administered to EEG recorded during nocturnal polysomnography (NPSG) processes and daytime multiple sleep latency tests (MSLT). I report that 1) sleep stages could be differentiated by the spectral analysis and the DFA ; 2) the gradual transition from Wake to Sleep during the sleep onset could be illustrated by the spectral analysis and the DFA ; 3) electrophysiological properties of narcolepsy could be characterized by the DFA ; 4) hypnic jerks (sleep starts) could be quantified by the synchrony analysis.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Rural Health Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study was to evaluate the effects of a lettuce-based sleep promotion program on sleep, depression, and life satisfaction of the elderly in the community. Methods: Data collection was conducted from April 19 to May 28, 2021, and 49 elderly people with sleep disorders over the age of 60 living in G province. The program consisted of a total of 6 weeks, and evaluated sleep patterns, insomnia severity, depression, and life satisfaction. The collected data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS/WIN 23.0 program descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Results: As a result, the lettuce-based sleep promotion program was found to be effective for total sleep time (t=-2.71, p=.009), deep sleep (t=-3.98, p<.001), insomnia severity (t=10.11, p<.001), depression (t=2.14, p=.038), and life satisfaction (t=-2.15, p=.036). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that this program should be used as a non-pharmacological intervention to promote sleep of the elderly.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
• /
• v.2
• /
• pp.83-110
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the sleep/activity patterns of neonates and to provide a baseline data for the development effective mother-infant relationship. Subjects of this study were 36 newborns aged 1-21 days and stayed in Postpartum Care Center in Taejon during the period of October 28th, 1999 to February 10th, 2000. The data were collected using NCASA developed by Barnard et al. and were analyzed with SPSS 7.5 for window program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. An average day sleep of neonates was 8.0 hours, night sleep was 3.6 hours, and total sleep was 11.6 hours. A longest period of day sleep was 3.8 hours and a longest period of night sleep was 3.4 hours. The regularity of day sleep was 22.1%, night sleep was 23.3%, and total was 22.1%. 2. The frequency of daytime feeding was 6.9, nighttime fee ding was 3.4, resulting in total of 10.3. The regularity of feeding was 37.4%, and the frequency of night awakening was 2.4. 3. Associations among variables related to neonate's sleep/activity records were as follows : - The regularity of total sleep was positively correlated with the frequencies of day sleep(r=.57, P=.00), night sleep (r=.40, P=.01), and total sleep(r=.65, P=.00). - The frequency of total feeding was negatively correlated with the frequencies of day sleep(r=-.29, P=.04), night sleep(r=-.39, P=.02), and total sleep(r=-.42, P=.00), as well as longest day sleep(r=-.50, P=.00). - The regularity of feeding was negatively correlated with the frequency of night sleep(r=-.35, P=.02), longest period of day sleep(r=-.32, P=.04), and longest period of night sleep(r=-.30. P=.04), whereas positively correlated with frequencies of daytime feeding (r=.29, P=.02) and nighttime feeding (r=.32, P=.05). - The frequency of night awakening was negatively correlated with amount of night sleep(r=-.39, P=.02) and frequency of daytime feeding(r=-.42, P=.01) while positively correlated with frequencies of nighttime feeding(r=.68, P=.00) and total feeding(r=.50, P=.00). 4. Although there was no statistical significant difference between sleep pattern and infant's age, following tendency was noted: - As baby gets older, total amount of sleep and longest period of day sleep decreased while longest period of night sleep increased. - As baby gets older, the regularity of day sleep decreased while the regularity of night sleep and total sleep slightly increased. - The frequencies of daytime and total feedings increased while the frequency of nighttime feeding decreased. In conclusion, the author found that the neonates of this study showed less amount of sleep, more night awakening, and more night time feedings than NCAST sample. There was a certain sleep/activity pattern existed: If babies were fed more frequently, daytime or nighttime sleeping hours became shorter, and if babies had longer daytime sleep, frequent nighttime awakenings were noted. This pattern illustrated the significant influence of feeding and sleep periods on each other. Awakening in the night is natural and normal patterns in the newborn period. The result of this study will provide information to parents about what to expect their infants.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.167-175
• /
• 2023

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify the degree of occupational therapist's sleep quality and examine the correlation between sleep quality and job stress. We also investigated the effects of the occupational therapist's sleep quality on job stress. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the importance of sleep quality and find a way to reduce job stress in occupational therapists. Methods : We conducted a study from November 7 to from December 23, 2022. To assess sleep quality and job stress, sleep quality of scale and Korean occupational stress scale-SF (KOSS-SF) were used. The general characteristics, sleep quality, job stress were examined using a frequency analysis and presented with descriptive statistics. The pearson correlation coefficient was used to determine, whether there was a correlation between sleep quality and job stress. To find what factors have and effect on job stress, we conducted a multiple regression analysis. A significance level of α=.05 was used to verify statistical significance. Results : First, average sleep quality score was 2.10±.19. Second, a significant correlation was found between sleep quality and job stress (p<.01). And As a result of the relationship between sleep quality sub-factors and job stress, day time dysfunction (r=.23, p<.01), restoration (r=.18, p<.05), difficulty of falling asleep (r=.38, p<.01). difficulty of awakening (r=.36, p<.01), satisfaction (r=.33, p<.01) and difficulty of maintaining sleep (r=.24, p<.05) showed a statistically significant relationship with job stress. Third, the sub-factors of sleep quality influencing job stress were difficulty of falling asleep (β =.26, p<.01), difficulty of awakening (β=.23, p<.01) and satisfaction (β=.21, p<.01). Conclusion : The results of this study, demonstrated the importance of sleep quality in affecting job stress. Therefore, follow-up studies are, necessary to develop interventions to improve, occupational therapist's sleep quality in the future.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.61-67
• /
• 2016

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the effects of mattress type on both objective and subjective sleep quality in healthy good sleepers. Methods: Fifteen healthy good sleepers with a mean age of 30.8 years participated in this study. A randomized crossover trial was carried out using two different mattress types: a standard mattress and a contour coil mattress. After a night of adaptation, all participants were randomized to either a standard mattress or a contour coil mattress. Then, nocturnal polysomnography was conducted for two consecutive nights. Subjective evaluations were obtained using a self-report questionnaire before and after the polysomnographic recording sessions. Results: The polysomnographic showed no differences in total sleep time, sleep stage, or wake time after sleep onset between the two mattress conditions. Of the polysomnographic variables, only sleep onset latency was significantly reduced for the contour coil mattress. Additionally, participants reported better subjective sleep quality when sleeping on the contour coil mattress, according to the questionnaires. Conclusion: The type of mattress might affect not only subjective, but also objective sleep quality, including sleep onset latency.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.111-117
• /
• 1998

Objectives : 'First-night effect' has been a well-known concept since 1960's. It is important because it is one of the major factors to be considered in assessing the reliability of polysomnographic data. However, 'reverse first-night effect' has also been described, resulting in the inconsistency of conceptualization. We attempted to investigate on the first-night effect in adults by having each of them take two nights of polysomnography in a controlled environment. Young healthy adult volunteers were chosen as subjects in order to rule out age- or health-related confounders. Methods : Polysomnography was performed on eight male medical students (mean $age=23.5\;{\pm}\;0.9$) for two nights with Grass model 78 polysomnograph. We scored manually under the standard protocol each epoch of the sleep records. Sleep variables were obtained and compared between the two nights. Results : Sleep period time(SPT) and total sleep time(TST) of the third fraction of night were significantly longer on the first night than on the second night (p<0.05). However, other sleep variables such as percentage of each sleep stage, sleep latency, REM sleep latency, number of waking, and sleep efficiency were not different between the two nights. Conclusion : We could not confirm the existence of first-night effect in this study. In healthy young male adults, it may not happen at all or may happen to a very negligible degree. Young healthy adults may have more adaptability to a new sleep environment. Also, the provision of a reasonably comfortable sleep environment could have helped them with abolition of first-night effect.