• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제36권6호
• /
• pp.976-982
• /
• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the feeling state guided imagery(FSGI) and end state guided imagery(ESGI) on stress and performance of an intramuscular injection of nursing students. Method: The design was a time series with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest study. Data was collected from the 23 rd to the 25th of Nov. 2004. The subjects of this study were 40 female sophomores (21 for the ESGI, 19 for the FSGI). The instruments used in this study were the Visual Analogue Scale for Stress and the Nursing Skill Performance Check-list on Intramuscular Injection developed by the researchers(10 items). Guided imagery was provided through audiotapes for 8 minutes. A pretest was given before applying the guided imagery, posttest 1 was performed after the intervention, posttest 2 was performed before the intramuscular injection and then evaluation of the performance of the intramuscular injection was done. Data was analyzed using t-test, and Repeated Measures ANOVA. Result: The level of stress for those who received the ESGI and FEGI was not significant and the level of the nursing skill performance for those who received the ESGI was significantly higher than that of students who received the FEGI. Conclusion: The use of ESGI has an effect on learning psychomotor nursing skills and further research is needed on stress.

• 간호행정학회지
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.152-161
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The aim of this project was to develop a patient safety-focused inservice education program for surgical nurse and to test the effects of this program. Methods: Methodological designs for instruments development, a pretest-posttest and a posttest design were employed. After the education, nurses' satisfaction, confidence, usefulness and application of 137 nurses were evaluated at 15 surgical units of a tertiary teaching hospital in Seoul, Korea. The education contents are 6 skill areas (infusion pump use, suction, chest tube drainage, oxygen administration, nebulizer use, insulin administration) and medication knowledge. Teaching methods were lecture, instructor demonstration, and 1:1 skill test. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon test, Spearman's correlation and Stepwise regression were used. Results: Satisfaction scores for skills and medication education were 4.00-4.21 (out of 5), The more performance frequency in 6 skills, the higher score in confidence as well as in usefulness and application, and the higher satisfaction with the program, the higher score in usefulness, application, confidence, and medication knowledge. Medication knowledge improved after the education (Z=-7,757, p<.001). Significant predictors of skill confidence were application of skills in job performance, medication confidence, and career in present unit. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that systematic and continuous inservice education will improve patient safety by promoting nursing quality.

• 한국응급구조학회지
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.55-64
• /
• 1999

This study was conducted to acquire the basic materials for effective field training to identify performance activities of emergency medical technology students. The method used in the study was a descriptive survey using a skill checklist. The subjects for the study were 43 emergency medical technology students who were 2nd grade in D college. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS computer program, yielding frequencies and percentage. The results of study were as follows; 1. In 'emergency treatment skill', 26.6% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 22.1% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 2. In 'airway management', 41.9% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 14.1% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 3. In 'oxygen therapy', 52.8% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 35.6% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 4. In 'ventilation skill', 17.8% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 10.7% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 5. In 'vital sign check', 61.1% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 56.3% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 6. In 'patient assessment', 40.7% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 20.0% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 7. In 'basic life support(CPR)', 1.7% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 11.9% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 8. In 'airway obstruction', 6.4% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 1.1% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'. 9. In 'electrical therapy', 0.7% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'ambulance practice' and 20.0% of subjects are revealed as 'performed' in 'clinical practice'.

• 중소기업융합학회논문지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2012

최근 소프트웨어 산업분야가 높은 부가가치를 창출할 수 있는 분야임을 인식하면서, 회사의 규모를 막론하고 대부분의 소프트웨어 개발 조직에서 전문 인력을 확보에 고민하고 있다. 그러나 조직의 장기적인 비즈니스를 고려하지 않는 소프트웨어 개발 인력의 채용은 추후 또 다시 인력의 부족현상을 초래할 것이며, 채용 인력에 대한 장기적인 인력 관리에 대한 전략적 설계가 없다면 많은 소프트웨어 개발 인력을 확보하고도 높은 성과를 달성하기 어려울 것이다. 본 논문에서는 조직에서의 소프트웨어 개발 역량을 강화하기 위하여 소프트웨어 직무를 세부적으로 도출하고, 직무별 프로파일을 정의하기 위한 방안을 제시한다. 또한 제시된 프로파일을 근간으로 직원의 Career Path를 어떻게 관리할 것인가에 대하여 제시한다. 제시하는 직무 프로파일 기반 인력관리는 조직에서 적정 규모의 효율적 인력 운영과 비즈니스 성과 달성을 가능하게 하는 기반이 될 것으로 판다한다.

• 공학교육연구
• /
• 제11권4호
• /
• pp.94-108
• /
• 2008

이 연구는 국가직무능력표준 개발에서 기초적으로 검토가 되어야 하는 직무체계 중 환경분야 직무체계 개발에 목적이 있다. 세부적인 연구목적은 환경분야의 직무분류와 직무수준을 개발하고자 하는데 있다. 이 연구는 산업현장에서 통용되는 용어를 중심으로 직무분류를 수행하였으며, 각각의 직무는 배타적으로 설계하였습니다. 직무분류시 전문가 집중토의를 통하여 세부직무를 분류하였습니다. 이러한 분류결과를 살펴보면 환경 분야의 직무군은 크게 대분류 3개, 중분류는 12개, 이들 중분류를 다시 분류하면 총 41개의 직무가 환경분야에서 요구되는 직무로서 도출되었다. 환경분야 직무수준은 해당 직무군 및 직무분야에서 전문 인력의 가치를 창출하기 위해 필요한 전문성 정도를 고려하였다. 이에 따라 환경분야의 전문분야별 직무수준을 반영하여 6단계로 구분하였다. 또한 환경 분야의 고유한 특성을 고려하여 크게 '환경계획 및 평가'와 '환경 측정 분석', '환경관리', '환경설계 시공', '환경보건관리', '환경자원관리', '환경경영 및 컨설팅', '환경교육'으로 구분하여 직무수준을 설정하였다. 이를 바탕으로 하여 환경 분야 현장전문가 및 학계 전문가 등으로 구성된 전문가 협의회를 통하여 각 직무별 정의와 직무별 수준별 수행기준을 도출하였다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.191-203
• /
• 2020

This study aims to present the differentiating factors of B2B salesperson competency through comparing the suppliers and buyers in Korean steel industry in their perception on the importance and priority of B2B salesperson competency. Based on previous studies, analysis on B2B salesperson competency has been analyzed using the B2B salesperson performance competency measure factors and appropriately reorganizing them for better application to the steel industry. The required performance competencies of B2B salesperson can be categorized into 3 different types, namely social exchange competency, advisory sales competency, and skill & knowledge competency. AHP analysis was performed for analyzing the relative importance of B2B salesperson competency based on the factors of previous studies, in which categorization of the aforementioned types had been done. As the result, first, it has been confirmed that there is a difference in 1st layer main factors between the supplier group and buyer group. The supplier group valued the advisory sales competency, while the buyer group valued skill & knowledge competency. Second, it has been proved that there is same result of relative importance in 2nd detailed factors between the supplier group and buyer group. Both group confirmed that customer member, identify customer needs and communication skill are very important factors. Third, as the result of analysis on the gap between B2B salesperson competency of the suppliers and buyers, the gap in the product knowledge and sales team member need improvement for buyer's satisfaction according to overall results of relative importance and priority. The steel supplier was able to develop B2B salesperson competency according to the buyers' needs based on the result of this study, and furthermore it is expected that this study will be able to contribute to increase in buyer competitiveness through differentiation in B2B salesperson competency.

• 한국지구과학회지
• /
• 제25권5호
• /
• pp.327-335
• /
• 2004

본 연구는 초등학교 과학과 문제중심학습에서 협동기술 훈련의 효과를 밝히기 위하여 통제집단, 문제중심학습 집단, 협동기술 훈련을 한 문제중심학습 집단의 학습능력 수준에 따라 과학 성취도와 자아존중감을 조사하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 학습능력이 높은 학습자는 협동기술 훈련에 무관하게 문제중심학습이 전통적 수업보다 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 학습능력이 중간인 학습자와 낮은 학습자는 협동기술 훈련을 한 경우, 전통적 수업 집단보다 과학 성취도가 높게 나타났다. 이로써 협동기술 훈련이 학습능력이 중간 이하인 학습자에게서 발생하는 무임승객효과를 줄이고 소집단활동의 협력적인 상호작용에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 자아존중감은 문제중심학습 집단이 통제 집단에 비해 유의미하게 높게 나타났고 학습능력에 따른 상호작용 효과는 없었다.

• 대한간호학회지
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.842-853
• /
• 2017

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify effects of debriefing based on the clinical judgment model for nursing students on their knowledge, skill performance, clinical judgment, self-confidence and learner satisfaction during simulation based end-of-life care (ELC) education. Methods: Simulation based ELC education was developed in six steps as follows: selection of learning subjects and objects, development of learning tools, a trial run of simulation-based education, students' skill training, and evaluators' training. Forty-eight senior nursing students (25 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group) participated in the simulation-based ELC education using a high-fidelity simulator. Debriefing based on the clinical judgment was compared with the usual debriefing. Results: ANCOVA showed that there were differences in knowledge (F=4.81, p=.034), skill performance (F=68.33, p<.001), clinical judgment (F=18.33, p<.001) and self-confidence (F=4.85, p=.033), but no difference in satisfaction (t=-0.38, p=.704) between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion: This study found that debriefing based on the clinical judgement model is effective for supporting nursing students for reflecting on clinical judgment and improving their diverse competencies in complex clinical settings such as ELC.

• 대기
• /
• 제28권4호
• /
• pp.509-520
• /
• 2018

The performance of the newly designed Pusan National University Coupled General Circulation Model (PNU CGCM) Ensemble Forecast System which produce 40 ensemble members for 12-month lead prediction is evaluated and analyzed in terms of boreal winter temperature over South Korea (S. Korea). The influence of ensemble size on prediction skill is examined with 40 ensemble members and the result shows that spreads of predictability are larger when the size of ensemble member is smaller. Moreover, it is suggested that more than 20 ensemble members are required for better prediction of statistically significant inter-annual variability of wintertime temperature over S. Korea. As for the ensemble average (ENS), it shows superior forecast skill compared to each ensemble member and has significant temporal correlation with Automated Surface Observing System (ASOS) temperature at 99% confidence level. In addition to forecast skill for inter-annual variability of wintertime temperature over S. Korea, winter climatology around East Asia and synoptic characteristics of warm (above normal) and cold (below normal) winters are reasonably captured by PNU CGCM. For the categorical forecast with $3{\times}3$ contingency table, the deterministic forecast generally shows better performance than probabilistic forecast except for warm winter (hit rate of probabilistic forecast: 71%). It is also found that, in case of concentrated distribution of 40 ensemble members to one category out of the three, the probabilistic forecast tends to have relatively high predictability. Meanwhile, in the case when the ensemble members distribute evenly throughout the categories, the predictability becomes lower in the probabilistic forecast.

• 대기
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.295-309
• /
• 2019

Due to frequent occurrence of abnormal weather, the need to improve the accuracy of subseasonal prediction has increased. Here we analyze the performance of weekly predictions out to 6 weeks by GloSea5 climate model. The performance in circulation field from January 1991 to December 2010 is first analyzed at each grid point using the 500-hPa geopotential height. The anomaly correlation coefficient and mean-square skill score, calculated each week against the ECWMF ERA-Interim reanalysis data, illustrate better prediction skills regionally in the tropics and over the ocean and seasonally during winter. Secondly, we evaluate the predictability of 7 major teleconnection patterns in the Northern Hemisphere: North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), East Atlantic (EA), East Atlantic/Western Russia (EAWR), Scandinavia (SCAND), Polar/Eurasia (PE), West Pacific (WP), Pacific-North American (PNA). Skillful predictability of the patterns turns out to be approximately 1~2 weeks. During summer, the EAWR and SCAND, which exhibit a wave pattern propagating over Eurasia, show a considerably lower skill than the other 5 patterns, while in winter, the WP and PNA, occurring in the Pacific region, maintain the skill up to 2 weeks. To account for the model's bias in reproducing the teleconnection patterns, we measure the similarity between the teleconnection patterns obtained in each lead time. In January, the model's teleconnection pattern remains similar until lead time 3, while a sharp decrease of similarity can be seen from lead time 2 in July.