• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.177-187
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• 1999

Gravity, magnetic and VLF surveys were conducted to investigat the structural stability and hazards associated with the Ubong landfill in Pohang City, which has been built to dump industrial wastes. In 1994, the collapse of a bank happened in the 6th landfill site due to sudden heavy rain, and a large quantity of waste materials flowed out to the nearby landfill sites, factories and roads. We used $10{\times}10m$ resolution DEM data for gravity reductions. The maximum variation of the terrain effect in the survey area is about 0.5 mgal and the terrain effect is large in the vicinity of bank boundary. The Bouguer gravity anomaly map shows the effect due to the variatino of thickness and type of waste materials. The small negative gravity anomaly increases from the 9th site to the 6th site. The small negative gravity anomaly of the 9th site reflects the relatively shallow dumping depth of average 14.5 m in this site and increased density of waste materials by the repeated stabilization process of soil overlaying. The 6th site is located at the center of the former valley and rainfall and groundwater are expected to flow from south-east to north-west. Therefore, considering the previous accident of mixing waste and bank materials at the north-west boundary of the landfill, there may be some environmental problems of leakage of contaminated water and bank stability. The complex inversion technique using Simulated annealing and Marquardt-Levenberg methods was applied to calculate three-dimensional density distribution from gravity data. In the case of 6th site, it is apparent that the landfill had been dumped in four sectors. However, most part of the 9th site and showed that high magnetic industrial wastes were concentrated in the 6th site. The result of magnetic survey showing low magnetic anomalies along the boundaries of two sites is similar to that of gravity data. The VLF data also reveals four divided sectors in the 6th site, and overall anomaly trend indicates the directio of former valley.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.193-202
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• 2018

This paper studied the probability of pounding occurred between decks and abutments of a long span high-pier continuous rigid fame bridge subjected to ground motions with local soil effect. A pounding probability analysis methodology has been proposed using peak acceleration at bedrock as intensity measure (IM) for multi-support seismic analysis. The bridge nonlinear finite element (FE) models was built with four different separation distances. Effect of actual site condition and non-uniform spatial soil profiles on seismic wave propagating from bedrock to ground surface is modelled. Pounding probability of the high-pier bridge under multi-support seismic excitations (MSSE) is analyzed based on the nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis (n-IDA). Pounding probability results under uniform excitations (UE) without actual local site effect are compared with that under MSSE with site effect. The study indicates that the required design separation length between deck and abutment under uniform excitations is larger than that under MSSE as the peak acceleration at bedrock increases. As the increase of both separation distance between deck and abutment and the peak acceleration, the probability of pounding occurred at a single abutment or at two abutments simultaneously under MSSE is less than that under UE. It is of great significance considering actual local site effect for determining the separation distance between deck and abutment through the probability pounding analysis of the high-pier bridge under MSSE.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.166-178
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• 2010

The purposes of this study were to investigate the impacts of interactivity, site stickiness, and switching barrier on intention to use. For this purpose, the study tested covariance structural model which set relationships among independent variable(interactivity), meditated variables(site stickiness and switching barrier), and dependent variable(intention to use). The data were collected from a sample of 239 internet shopper of college female students. The covariance structural model and research hypothesis analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 and AMOS 5.0 program. The results are as follows: First, the structural model is accepted significantly. Second, interactivity had a positive influence on site stickiness, switching barrier, and intention to use. And it was found to have a indirect effect on intention to use through site stickiness and switching barrier. Third, site stickiness had a positive influence on switching barrier. Forth, site stickiness and switching barrier had a positive impact on intention to use.

• 복식
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.46-57
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether perceived utilitarian value and service qualify have an effect on repurchase intention of fashion merchandise in internet shopping. A survey was conducted from June 20 to July 30 in 2003, among married women aged in their 20s and 30s, on their purchase experience of fashion merchandise from internet shopping malls. The survey was conducted over the internet with 306 subjects. The statistical analysis methods were frequency analysis, reliability analysis, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study were as follows. 1. A married women aged in their 20s and 30s were shown to high-purchasing on nightgown, underwear, women's pants, casual wear through internet shopping. Their perceived utilitarian value had an effect on repurchase intention of fashion merchandise in internet shopping. 2. The service quality factors were determined to be site reliability, site reactivity, order assurance, order easy, site organization. Service quality factors of site reactivity, order assurance, order easy, site organization had an effect on repurchase intention of fashion merchandise in internet shopping.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2008

최근 국내에서 장대교량의 건설이 증가함에 따라 그에 대한 내진설계의 중요성도 증대되고 있다. 이와같은 여건을 반영하여 새로 개정된 케이블 강교량 설계지침(안)의 내진설계편에서 지진파의 파동전달효과와 지반특성효과를 일부 반영하였다. 본 연구에서는 국내 설계규정에 따라 사장교(주경간500m)의 다양한(균등입력, 파동전달효과, 파동전달효과+지반특성효과) 지진응답해석을 수행하여 설계적용시 문제점에 대하여 검토해 본 결과 장대교의 파동전달효과는 지지점간 거리가 짧은 경우에도 지반이 연약한 경우 큰 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 지반의 종류에 상관없이 파동전달효과와 함께 지점별로 지반특성을 고려한 해석이 그렇지 않은 해석결과보다 큰 값이 산출되었다. 따라서 장대교의 지진응답해석시 파동전달효과 및 지반특성효과의 적용에 대한 세심한 고려가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2016

Background: In order to evaluate the effect of pH, known as a critical factor for shaping the biogeographical microbial patterns in the studies by others, on the bacterial diversity, we selected two sites in a similar geographical location (site 1; north latitude 35.3, longitude 127.8, site 2; north latitude 35.2, longitude 129.2) and compared their soil bacterial diversity between them. The mountain soil at site 1 (Jiri National Park) represented naturally acidic but almost pollution free (pH 5.2) and that at site 2 was neutral but exposed to the pollutants due to the suburban location of a big city (pH 7.7). Methods: Metagenomic DNAs from soil bacteria were extracted and amplified by PCR with 27F/518R primers and pyrosequenced using Roche 454 GS FLX Titanium. Results: Bacterial phyla retrieved from the soil at site 1 were more diverse than those at site 2, and their bacterial compositions were quite different: Almost half of the phyla at site 1 were Proteobacteria (49 %), and the remaining phyla were attributed to 10 other phyla. By contrast, in the soil at site 2, four main phyla (Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Cyanobacteria) composed 94 %; the remainder was attributed to two other phyla. Furthermore, when bacterial composition was examined on the order level, only two Burkholderiales and Rhizobiales were found at both sites. So depending on pH, the bacterial community in soil at site 1 differed from that at site 2, and although the acidic soil of site 1 represented a non-optimal pH for bacterial growth, the bacterial diversity, evenness, and richness at this site were higher than those found in the neutral pH soil at site 2. Conclusions: These results and the indices regarding diversity, richness, and evenness examined in this study indicate that pH alone might not play a main role for bacterial diversity in soil.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.452-458
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• 2009

This study was carried out to assess the effect of discharge loading at sewage treatment plants (STP) on water quality in Kyoungan stream. The seasonal variations of water quality (BOD, COD, SS, TN, and chl.a) at site 1(Mesanribo) were similar with those at site 2(Sehabo). BOD, COD, SS, and chl.a concentration were also similar except for TN and TP concentration which were lower than those at site 1. The BOD, COD, TN, TP and chl.a concentration at site 2 in dry period were higher than that of wet period. The ratios of BOD, TP, COD, SS discharge loading at all STP in Kyoungan stream watershed to delivery loading at site 2 were 0.69, 0.54, 0.48, 0.31, and 0.26 on average, respectively. Both site 1 and site 2, the seasonal variations of discharge loading at STP did not showed any relationship with those of water quality. The mean ratios of inflow loading at site 1 to delivery loading at site 2 were relatively high that ranged from 0.43 to 0.61. In dry period, the ratios of discharge loading at STP in Sehabo watershed to delivery loading at site 2 were below 0.2 except for BOD (0.24), and decreased <0.1 in wet period. While, SS loading from watershed between site 1 and site 2 to delivery loading at site 2 ratios increased in wet period.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.1043-1064
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• 2020

A kind of Subjective Imaging Effect Assessment (SIEA) method and its applications on intelligent imaging terminal design in engineering site are presented. First, some visual assessment indices are used to characterize the imaging effect: the image brightness, the image brightness uniformity, the color image contrast, the image edge blur, the image color difference, the image saturation, the image noise, and the integrated imaging effect index. A linear weighted function is employed to carry out the SIEA computation and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique is used to estimate its weights. Second, a SIEA software is developed. It can play images after the settings of assessment index or assessment reaction time, etc. Third, two cases are used to illustrate the application effects of proposed method: the image enhancement system design for surveillance camera and the imaging environment perception system design for intelligent lighting terminal. A Prior Sequential Stimulus (PSS) experiment is proposed to improve the evaluation stability of SIEA method. Many experiment results have shown the proposed method can realize a stable system design or parameters setting for the intelligent imaging terminal in engineering site.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 1999년도 연약지반처리위원회 학술세미나
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• pp.62-70
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• 1999

Artesian pressure exists in Yangsan site, the maximum value of which has been measured as high as 5 t/m$^2$. This paper deals with the prediction of consolidation settlement for the site with artesian pressure. The consolidation settlement at the site has been accelerated using vertical band drains. Since the artesian pressure gives lower effective stress than a static condition, its effect should be considered in the settlement prediction. This case study shows that the prediction of settlement and pore pressure dissipation agrees well with the measurements, when considering the artesian effect.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제33권9호
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• pp.2981-2984
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• 2012

Active site mapping has been done for ${\Delta}^5$-3-ketosteroid isomerase (KSI) by analyses of paramagnetic effect on $^1H-^{15}N$ HSQC spectra using 4-hydroxyl-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxy (HyTEMPO) and an intermediate analog (equilenin). Our result revealed that residues in hydrophobic cavity of KSI, particularly active site region, mainly experienced a high line-broadening effect of NMR signal with HyTEMPO, while they experienced full recovery of a lineshape upon the addition of equilenin. The mapped region was very similar to the active site of KSI as described by the crystal structure. These observations indicate that a combined use of paramagnetic reagent and substrate (or analog) could rapidly identify the residues in potential active site of KSI, and can be applied to the analysis of both active site and function in unknown protein.