• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2006

Commercial uses of GPS have been growing rapidly with applications for aircraft, ship, and land vehicle navigation as well as for surveying and time keeping. The next generation GPS and Japanese QZS (Quasi Zenith Satellite) will provide three different civil signals. Galileo will also provide several types of civil signals. The availability of the third civil frequency has obvious advantages to instantaneous carrier phase accuracy and ambiguity resolution for centimeter level measurements. This paper discusses the effects of additional new civil signals for the high accuracy positioning in urban areas based on simulation using practical raw data. As for constellation, only GPS and GPS+QZS are considered. For positioning, a short distance baseline is assumed in order to disregard atmosphere effects. In this simulation, mask angle and signal conditions were fixed and ambiguity success rates were compared between different triple frequency combination scenarios. The coefficient of reflection was set randomly from 0.05 to 0.5 and the multipath delay was also set randomly from 5-100 m. Visible satellites and signal strength were determined by raw data collected in Tokyo by car. These simulation results have confirmed that the availability of high accuracy positioning will increase in all scenarios if we use GPS+QZS with triple frequencies.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.341-353
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• 2024

This paper presents the design results of a Multi-band Global Positioning System (GPS)/Korean Positioning System (KPS) Real-Time Kinematics (RTK) precise positioning simulator and evaluate its functionalities. The designed simulator consists of a trajectory generation module, a Radio Frequency (RF) signal generation module, a RF signal reception module, a coarse positioning module, a precise positioning module, and an error statistics reporting module. Simulations in realistic scenarios confirm that the proposed baseband simulator works appropriately. The developed simulator can adjust the type, number, band, and Pseudo Random Noise (PRN) code type of the satellite constellation in various ways, and the practical positioning performance can be tested. It can also reflect the channel influence at the actual RF stage and the influence during the initial synchronization and tracking process. Considering such advantages, the proposed simulator would be useful in future researches and developments related to KPS.

• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제12C권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 다중레벨 직교진폭변조 신호론 위한 최우 변조분류기법의 성능을 분석한다. 기존의 연구와는 달리 여기서는 가용 변조방식에 대한 상대적인 분규성능과 단일표본관측을 적용할 경우 최우 분류기의 성능한계 둥을 제시하였다. 이를 위하여 본 논문에서는 가용 성상도에서 심볼간 최소 유클리드 거리론 동일하게 하여 심볼의 수가 자은 성상도가 보다 큰 성상도의 부분집합이 되도록 하였다 그리고 다중가설시험을 위한 표본의 수는 하나로 정하였다. 그 결과 모든 실험에서 신호대잡음비의 증가에 따라 분류성능이 향상됨을 될 수 있다. 특히, 참인 성상도가 4진 직교진폭변조인 경우 추가적인 정보나 관측표본 없이도 송신기에서 사용된 변조방식을 거의 완벽하게 분류함을 확인할 수 있다. 또한 16진과 64진 신호의 경우 그 부분집합이 되는 성상도에 의하여 공유된 심볼들의 영향으로 오분류 가능성이 상존하지만 단일표본관측만으로도 약 $80{\%}$의 정분류 성능을 얻을 수 있다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 통신 채널에서 발생되는 찌그러짐의 영향을 최소화하기 위한 CCA 적응 등화 알고리즘에서 스텝 크기의 변화에 따른 성능을 해석하였다. CCA 알고리즘은 기존의 결정 지향 알고리즘 (DDA : Decision Directed Algorithm)과 축소 신호점 알고리즘 (RCA : Reduced Constellation Algorithm)의 적절한 결합 방식으로 송신 신호의 constant modulus와 결정 장치의 출력 신호를 compact slice 가중치만큼 고려하여 이들의 장점을 얻을 수 있다. 이 과정에서 compact slice 가중치를 고정시킨 후, 적응을 위한 알고리즘의 스텝 크기를 3가지로 변화시킬때의 성능을 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 평가하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 스텝 크기가 적을수록 수렴 속도는 늦지만 정상 상태 이후의 성능이 개선됨을 확인하였고, 특히 SER 성능에서는 스텝 크기가 적은 경우 robustness함을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2018

본 논문은 NM-MMA (Novel Mixed-Multi Modulus Algorithm) 알고리즘에서 고정 modulus 대신 adaptive modulus를 이용한 적응 등화 성능을 개선시킨 AM-NM-MMA (Adaptive Modulus-NM-MMA)에 관한 것이다. NM-MMA는 MMA의 정상 상태에서 적은 잔여량을 얻는 대신 수렴 속도가 느리며, SE-MMA는 수렴 속도가 빠르지만 잔여량이 증대되는 성능을 절충시키기 위해 등장하였다. 그러나 고정 modulus를 이용하므로 완전 등화 상태에서도 잔여량이 0이 되지 않아 등화 성능이 열화되므로 이를 개선하기 위하여 논문에서는 adaptive modulus를 적용하였으며, 이의 개선된 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통해 확인하였다. 이를 위하여 등화 성능 지수로 등화기 출력 성상도, 잔류 isi, MD, MSE 및 SER 성능을 적용하였다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션의 결과 AM-NM-MMA는 NM-MMA보다 등화 출력 신호의 성상도, 잔류 isi, MD, MSE에서 수렴 속도와 잔여량에서는 우월하였으나, SER 성능에서는 열화됨을 확인하였다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 1996

Blind equalization is a technique for adaptive equalization of a communication channel without the aid of training sequences. This paper proposes a new blind equalization algorithm. The advantage of the new algorithm is that it has the lower residual error than the GA (proposed by Godard) and Sign_GA (proposed by Weerackody et al.). The superior performance of the proposed algorithm is illustrated for the 16-QAM signal constellation. A Rummler channel model is assumed as a transmission medium. The performance of the proposed algorithm is compared to the GA, Sign_GA and Stop & Go Algorithm (SGA). The simulation results demonstrate that an improvement in performance is achieved with the proposed equalization algorithm.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.231-233
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• 2007

One of the drawbacks in an OFDM system is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Among a number of techniques to reduce the high PAPR, simple amplitude predistortion (SAP), a form of active constellation extension, has been proposed to effectively achieve the desired PAPR. In this letter, a novel scheme, simple amplitude and phase predistortion (SAPP), is proposed. In SAP the carriers' amplitude is utilized to combat the peak signal. Each amplitude is amplified according to its degree of contribution as a metric. In addition to amplitude, SAPP also utilizes the phase. Simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme provides better PAPR reduction than SAP.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제35권8A호
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• pp.760-767
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• 2010

For complex channel blind equalization, this study presents the performance and characteristics of two complex blind information theoretic learning algorithms (ITL) which are based on minimization of Euclidian distance (ED) between probability density functions compared to constant modulus algorithm which is based on mean squared error (MSE) criterion. The complex-valued ED algorithm employing constant modulus error and the complex-valued ED algorithm using a self-generated symbol set are analyzed to have the fact that the cost function of the latter forces the output signal to have correct symbol values and compensate amplitude and phase distortion simultaneously without any phase compensation process. Simulation results through MSE convergence and constellation comparison for severely distorted complex channels show significantly enhanced performance of symbol-point concentration with no phase rotation.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.793-795
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• 2006

When quadrature error exists, the shape of the M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) signal constellation becomes skewed-elliptic. Each MPSK symbol takes on a different symbol error probability (SEP) value. The analytical results presented thus far have been derived from studies which examined the SEP problem assuming that the SEP of each MPSK symbol is equally likely; therefore, those results should not be treated as offering a complete solution. In this letter, we present a new and more complete solution to the SEP problem of MPSK by relaxing the above assumption and finding the expressions for the average as well as individual SEP in the presence of quadrature error.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1999년도 추계종합학술대회 논문집
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• pp.775-779
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• 1999

This paper presents design of AGC(Automatic Gain Control) and DC offset remover suitable for cable modem which makes use of QAM(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) scheme. Since QAM has multi-level signal characteristic, for high-order QAM, the constellation is dense and the distance of decision boundary between adjacent symbols is short. So AGC and DC offset remover must be designed optionally for preventing performance degradation. AGC is designed into feedback type and is related to the STR(Symbol Timing Recovery)and Paff interpolation algorithm. Whereas AGC need to perform average power detection during many symbols by comparison with the reference power, DC offset remover uses only the instant polarity decision such that simple implementation can be achieved with good performance. Though the AGC and DC offset remover are simulated here only for 256 QAM scheme for convenience'sake, it can be applied to other multi-level QAM or PSK modulation scheme.