• 환경위생공학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1995

We had passed through a serious water pollution with a rapid urbanization and industrialization in the 1960's. Seoul Chunggyechun Sewage Disposal System set uP in 1966 and finished in 1976, as the first sewage disposal system in Korea, had covered only 4 percentage of the sewage disposal system per capita for 10 years. Through holding the Asian Games in 1986 and the Olympic Games in 1988, we expanded the sewage disposal system so that it became increased 18 percentage of the population in 1986. Finally, we have installed about 60 sewage disposal system by 1994 for a large environmental investment which was critically caused by "Phenol Accident in Nakdong River" . Now, the sewage disposal system per capita covers 42 percentage and the activity for water quality improvement is going on rapidly. The method of sewage disposal is mainly "activated sludge process" . However, the technical ability for the sewage disposal has largely developed since 1991 so the "extended aeration process" is used in Po$\v{u}$n, Tangyang, Mun$\v{u}$i, "rotating biological contact process" in Onch$\v{u}$ng, Pukok, and "oxidation ditch process" in K$\v{o}$ch'ana.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.10-19
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• 1999

In 1991, the ministry of Gov't. Administration and Home Affairs set up a minimum of one sewage disposal plant in each province. By 1995, 264 models of the capillary infiltration method were set up in 331(78%) villages and the contact oxidation method was set up in 52 places. Since the Gov't. sent a letter to each responsible officer across the country stating their disapproval of the capillary infiltration method, the environmentally friendly sewage disposal system has not been diffused. The current model(mechanical sewage disposal) being used, in agricultural and fishing villages, costs too much for maintenance and operation(\50,000 per capita per year). In particular, because of the difference in sewage characteristics of agricultural and fishing villages from urban sewage, the efficiency of the disposal system is very low. Also, because of the growing need for more disposal plants, the Gov't. is looking for cheaper alternatives. This study has analyzed 2 kinds of sewage disposal. The first is used widely in agricultural and fishing villages in Germany. The second is used widely in similar areas of Korea. It has intended to analyze the characteristics, merits and defects of the sewage disposal water plants and pebbles model which is used widely in Germany and developed compatibly for Korea.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권3D호
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• pp.491-497
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 주민기피시설인 하수처리장 주변에 거주하는 주민들을 대상으로 설문을 통해 하수처리장에 대한 일반인식과 설치 후 환경변화에 대해서 어떻게 생각하고 있는지를 알아보고 지역별로 어떤 차이가 있는지를 다루고자 하였다. 또한 하수처리시설 입지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 실증 분석하고자 했다. 이러한 실증분석을 위해 다변량 분산분석과 다중회귀분석을 이용했으며 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 전체적으로 하수처리시설은 사회적으로 필요한 시설이며 적절한 보상이 이루어진다면 긍정적으로 고려할 수 있는 시설이라는 의견이 높게 나타났다. 그러나 하수처리시설의 시행과정에 대한 평가는 전체적으로 만족스럽지 못하게 나타났다. 다음으로 하수처리장의 입지와 관련된 결과에서 하수처리장이 자신의 주거지 근처에 입지함에 따른 환경변화에 대한 인식은 지역별로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았지만, 그러한 인식에 영향을 끼치는 요인은 지역별로 다소 다르다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 사실은 앞으로 하수처리장뿐만 아니라 주민들이 기피하는 시설을 건설하고자 하는 경우에 어떤 절대적인 기준이 있는 것이 아니라 오히려 대상지역의 여건과 주민의 반향을 파악하여 그에 맞는 대책이 필요하다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2003

This paper describes the effects of sewage amount, temperature, and years in operation on the infiltration rate of a sewage disposal system. The self-purifying sewage disposal system, which is typically used in rural areas, consists of reeds and fine gravel. Water plants are planted on the gravel bed which provides the habitat for microbes. The basic process is that the gravel bed filters incoming sewage. Thus this system requires the smooth flow of sewage through the gravel. However, the efficiency of the disposal system will be lowered if the gravel bed is clogged with sewage sludge. A three year study shows that infiltration rate slows down significantly until the 7th day, depending on the sewage amount and the temperature. After the 7th day, the infiltration rate remains almost constant. In addition, the infiltration rate decreases as the temperature falls. It also decreases as the number of years in operation increase. But there is no significant change in the infiltration rate after the 7th day, independent of the temperature, the sewage amount, and years in operation. In order to take advantage of high infiltration rate, which improves the efficiency of the disposal system in its early stages, having two gravel beds and using them alternatively will be efficient. This operation method is called intermittent load and makes the disposal system last longer. The water plant roots above the gravel bed make the effective filtration possible because they delay accumulation of the sewage sludge and stabilize the filtration ability.

• 수도
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• 제24권5호통권86호
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• pp.29-44
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• 1997

Sewage sludge produced in Korea was 1,275,800 tons (dewatered sludge cake) per year in 1996, which is 3,495 tons per day, 0.303% of 11,526,100 tons per day of sewage treated in 79 sewage treatment plants. Sludge production has been and will be increasing in accordance with construction of new facilities for sewage treatment. Most of the sludge is currently disposed by landfill and ocean dumping, but it is becoming difficult to find suitable sites for landfill, particularly in big cities such as Seoul. In addition, rapid increase of landfill cost is anticipated in a near future. Current trend for sludge disposal in advanced countries is land application. Over the past 10 to 20 years in the United States, sludge management practices have changed significantly, moving from disposal to beneficial use. They use biosolid for utilization instead of sludge for disposal. Under the Clean Water Act of 1972, amended in 1987 by Congress, the U.S. EPA was required to develop regulations for the use and disposal of sewage sludge. The EPA assessed the potential for pollutants in sewage sludge to affect public health and the environment through a number of different routes of exposure. The Agency also assessed the potential risk to human health through contamination of drinking water sources or surface water when sludge is disposed on land. The Final Rules were signed by the EPA Administrator and were published (Federal Register, 1993). These rules state that sewage sludge shall not be applied to land if the concentration of any pollutant in the sludge exceeds the ceiling concentration. In addition, the cumulative loading rate for each pollutant shall not exceed the cumulative pollutant loading rate nor should the concentration of each pollutant in the sludge exceed the monthly average concentration for the pollutant. The annual pollutant loading rate generally applies to applications of sewage sludge on agricultural lands. The most popular beneficial use of sewage sludge is land application. The sludge has to be stabilized for appling to land. One of the stabilization process for sewage sludge is lime stabilization process. The stabilization process is consisted of the stabilizing process and the drying process. Stabilization reactor can be a drum type reactor in which a crossed mixer is equipped. The additive agents are a very reactive mixture of calcium oxide and others. The stabilized sludge is dried in sun drier or rotary kiln.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.37-47
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• 2004

The processes of manufacturing FRP sewage disposal tanks are very dangerous and hazardous jobs for workers because of large size and heavy weight of the tank, toxic fiberglass dust, nasty smell, and dangerous tools such as hand-grinders. This paper introduces an automatic manufacturing system of the FRP sewage disposal tank to enhance the safety of workers. The system consists of 3 components: the FRP body rotation jig, the automatic manhole cutting machine, the automatic sanding processing machine. The safety of workers and working environment are greatly improved, because the dangerous jobs are automatized and the toxic fiberglass dust is automatically collected. Also, the productivity is greatly improved and the cost is reduced.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.170-180
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• 2017

본 연구는 대구시 지산 하수처리장을 사례로 환경기초시설의 입지가 지가의 차이에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 지산 하수처리장으로부터 200m 단위로 400m까지 두 개의 구역을 각각 설정하고 총 822개의 개별공시지가 자료를 취득하였다. 지산 하수처리장 설립 전후의 지가의 차이를 비교하기 위하여 대응표본 t 검정을 실시하였다. 그 분석 결과, 각 구간의 지가가 하수처리장 설립 후 약간 상승하였고, 이러한 차이가 유의한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 하수처리장 설립 전에는 200m 이내의 평균 지가가 200-400m의 평균 지가 보다 낮았지만, 설립 후에는 양 구간에 평균 지가의 차이가 거의 없었다. 지산 하수처리장은 악취가 거의 나지 않고 하수의 처리 용량이 적으며 그 주변지역은 대부분 상업시설이나 주거시설로 이용되고 있어서 기존의 연구와 달리 하수처리장의 입지가 주변 지가의 하락에 거의 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 환경기초 시설의 입지로 인해 갈등하는 정부와 지역 주민들에게 새로운 근거자료로 제시될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.117-122
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• 2004

This study investigates the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and relationships among water quality parameters, which based on 6 years' data(from 1989 to 1994) measured at 16 stations on Jinhae Bay. The results of these analysis, monthly variations range between surface and bottom layer of water quality had a tendency to increase and decrease, and appeared to be at the maximum value in August. The relationships between concentration of COD ana nutrients(DIN and DIP), which obtained by correlation analysis of water quality, were shown $85\%$ and $74\%$, respectively. Using the cluster analysis to develop the division of the sea basin by the dendrogram, before and after dredging of Masan bay and operating a sewage disposal plant, the variation characteristics of water quality of Jinhae Bay were discussed. Through it, we can see the serious pollution of northen sea basin of Jinhae Bay(B2) although dredging Masan bay and operating the sewage disposal plant. As the results, it doesn't appear the improvement effect of water quality in spite of carrying out the effort of water quality improvement.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.695-702
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• 2007

In this paper, the ventilation efficiencies of an underground sewage disposal plant were investigated for ventilating system without fan, ventilating system with eleven cross flow fans and ventilating system with sixteen cross flow fans by numerical method. It has been found that the air change effectiveness of the system without fan was predicted 0.44. It means that an additional ventilating equipment is needed to maintain good indoor air quality. For the ventilating system with sixteen cross flow fans, the air change effectiveness was predicted 0.55. The air change effectiveness of the ventilating system with eleven cross flow fans was predicted 0.51. It is known that the air change effectiveness above 0.5 is enough to eliminate pollutant and bad smell in the indoor. Therefore, it is recommended to select the ventilating system with eleven cross flow fans for the underground sewage disposal plant in an economic point of view.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.66-72
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• 2009

환경분야에서 산업화와 도시화에 따른 수질오염의 문제를 해결하기 위해 오수처리시설을 제어 및 감시하는 장치들이 개발 되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 지역에 설치된 오수처리시설의 구동 모터와 주변 환경 상태를 제어하고 감지하기 위하여 시리얼 인터페이스를 갖는 내부 네트워크로 상호 연결한 효율적인 모듈 시스템의 설계방법에 대하여 제안하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 방법은 급변하는 환경시장에서 요구되는 조건과 환경인자들의 사양에 대하여 보다 적응성 있고 유연한 설계 기법을 제공하리라 기대된다.