• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.1 s.145
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• pp.117-122
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• 2007

This study was investigated the potential of ducks and fish trap for the control of golden apple snail, Pomacea canaliculata, in paddy field and water canals. The smaller size of duck (700g) preyed snails than the bigger one (1,300g). The consumption of two ducks was bigger under plastic house. They preyed over 90% on the second days of release. The release time of ducks was more effective at seven days after inoculation of snails than simultaneous. Duck could suppress the density of snails at any time from month after inoculation. Four ducks per $30m^2$ could control snails in an irrigation canals. The number of attracted golden apple snail per week was 216 in big fish trap $({\Phi}15cm)$ with menthol paste which for a carp.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.155-161
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• 2017

Objectives Decision-making in patients with schizophrenia has been known to be inefficient in both cognitive and affective aspects. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of anhedonia and self-esteem on the decision-making process in schizophrenia. Methods Twenty patients with schizophrenia and 21 healthy controls performed the 'apparel purchase decision-making task', during which they were asked to respond to the preference, fitness, and price suitability, before making the final purchase decision. Generalized estimating equation and correlation analysis were conducted to explore for the difference of decision making patterns and influential factors between the two groups. Results The patients showed lower odds ratio (OR) of the fitness on the apparel purchase decision than the controls [OR 0.190 ; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.047-0.762, p = 0.019). In the patient group, there was no correlation between the number of purchased trials and the severity of anhedonia, but the number of purchased trials was negatively correlated with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale score at a trend level (R = -0.436, p = 0.055). Conclusions Patients with schizophrenia considered the fitness of clothes less than healthy controls on apparel purchasing decisions. Schizophrenia patients with lower self-esteem were intended to buy more clothes.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.70-73
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• 2018

To determine the optimum amount of spent oyster mushroom substrate (SOMS) for use in cultivation of Lentinula edodes, the chemical properties of the substrate and culture conditions of Lentinula edodes were investigated. Replacing 20-50% of a sawdust substrate with SOMS yielded a C/N ratio of 62-76. In case of substrates containing SOMS, the total nitrogen and phenolic contents of were higher, whereas fructose and organic acid contents were lower than those of the control substrate. Cultivation tests showed that the 3-cycle yield of 20% SOMS treatment was 286.7 g, similar to that of the control, while 50% SOMS treatment significantly decreased the yield. In conclusion, development of oak mushroom substrate using SOMS would recycle waste products and decrease material costs.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.311-319
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• 2000

The gill morphology and ultrastructure of the fleshy shrimp, Penaeus chinensis were investigated by light and electron microscopy. Fleshy shrimp has dendrobranchiate gills. Gill has a longitudinal septum dividing them into afferent and efferent channel. Each gill lamella is covered by multi-layered thin cuticle of different electron density. The lamella basal cell is squamous and contains cytoplasm of electron dense. Simple epithelial layer consists of squamous epithelium contained large nucleus. The lamella pillar structures are characterized by the axial microtubules and lateral membrane interdigitations Secretory cells of AB-PAS negative are multicellular gland. In active gland each cell boundary is not apparent and the cytoplasm contains smooth endoplasmic reticula, mitochondria, membrane-bounded secretory vesicles of low electron density and granular resettes. In inactive gland each cell boundary is apparent and the cytoplasm is occupied with numerous small granules of electron dense. The well-developed rough endoplasmic reticula and Golgi apparatus are observed in the unicellular gland of alcian blue positive.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.164-171
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• 2000

Fascia and fasciocutaneous free flaps (using perforators) are adequate reconstructive options with aesthetic and functional advantages, particularly for reconstruction of variable soft tissue defects of the extremities. Although various donor sites have been used for these concerns including temporoparietal fascia, serratus fascia, scapular fascia, fascial component of lateral arm and posterior calf fascia. The authors used temporoparietal and scapular fascia as a free flap for coverage of soft tissue defects and we compare two flap mainly their histologic studies and clinical applications. In our expierience both fascia provide thin, pliable coverage for exposed bone and tendons and provide good postoperative functional restoration on the recipient area. Histologically temporoparietal fascia flap has more rich blood supply and scapular fascia flap is rich in adipose tissue in their composition. In donor site morbidity, both flaps can bring satisfactory results about the donor sites, but the donor site of the temporoparietal fascia flap sometimes revealed conspicious linear scar and transient alopecia in short-haired patients and the scapular fascia flap has a tendency to be wider and thicker in obese patients. After successful application of the both fascia flap as a free flap in 38 patients (25 temporoparietal fascia, 13 scapular fascia) since 1995 ; authors recommend using the temporoparietal fascia flap for women, who tend to have more fat and longer hair, and the scapular fascia flap for men, who tend to be leand & shorter hair.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.3-20
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was diagnosed to grasp the needs for the elderly-elderly care activity in rural areas. The research was conducted in questions and case studies in 7 farming villages. The major findings of this study as follows: First, the senior citizens in rural areas were not in good health, and the illnesses were revealed to be arthritis, high blood pressure, and diabetes. At the occurrence of an illness, they complained about the discomfort in doing daily life routines and expected eir spouses or offsprings to te care of them. Elders in the rural community responded that they had difficulty and financial problems in family maintenance. Leisure activities included watching TV, playing card/board games, or spending time without any specific activities. Second, recipients of elderly-elderly care expected to receive services from a woman in her 50s $1{\sim}2$ hours, once to twice a week. Third, the service providers wanted to be elderly-elderly care takers, hoping to work once a week for $2{\sim}3$ hours. They wanted the education for the elderly-elderly care to be once a week for 3 hours, with understanding the elderly, consultation, preventing senile dementia, and health as the contents.

• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.112-130
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• 2011

The study is aimed to investigate the current status of ESD(Education for Sustainable Development) programs in private sector(businesses) carried out in Korea since UN DESD was launched in 2005, For this purpose we conducted a questionnaire survey and case studies on those companies who have supposedly pursued sustainability management Results of questionnaire surveys showed that those in charge of writing sustainability reports in companies had an extremely high understanding of SO, but were not well aware of ESD. These businesses started to pursue sustainable management due to global trends and decisions of CEOs, and most of them had divisions that took charge of or are responsible for sustainable management Sustainability issues that they mainly dealt with were corporate social responsibility, energy and climate change, but other issues were being covered, too. Internal stakeholders got involved in projects related to sustainability from the planning stage. Learning on sustainable management was primarily made through information delivery, and education programs were usually conducted for staff members and executives. Those who cooperated on their sustainable development projects were mostly local communities, universities, etc. They had few ESD programs that they directly developed and carried out, and few cases of ESD-related cooperation; and in those few cases, their partners were often elementary/middle/high schools and universities. Results of ESD case studies and questionnaire surveys showed that businesses dealt with various issues of sustainable development in addition to corporate social responsibility and diversified education programs were carried out inside these companies, Business themselves, therefore, need to be considered and researched in further detail as important targets of ESD as well as supporters or cooperation partners on ESD programme.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the antioxidant mechanism of tomato wine with varying lycopene content in rats fed a high fat diet (HFD). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 per group) and fed an HFD (35% of total energy from fat) plus ethanol (7.2% of total energy from alcohol), tomato wine with varying lycopene content (0.425 mg%, 1.140 mg% or 2.045 mg% lycopene) or an isocaloric control diet for 6 weeks. Mice fed HFD plus ethanol significantly increased erythrocyte hydrogen peroxide and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels with increases in activities of erythrocyte antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione reductase (GR) compared to pair-fed rats. Supplementation of tomato wine with varying lycopene content decreased ethanol-mediated increases of erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in HFD-fed rats, and tomato wine with higher lycopene appeared to be more effective. Tomato wine also dose-dependently lowered TBARS levels with decreased pro-oxidant enzyme, xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in plasma of HFD-fed rats. In contrast to erythrocytes, the inhibitory effects of tomato wine on hepatic lipid peroxidation were linked to increased hepatic antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) and alcohol metabolizing enzyme (alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase) activities. There were no significant differences in hepatic XOD and cytochrome P450-2E1 activities among the groups. Together, our data suggest that tomato wine fortified with lycopene has the potential to protect against ethanol-induced oxidative stress via regulation of antioxidant or pro-oxidant enzymes and alcohol metabolizing enzyme activities in plasma, erythrocyte and liver.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.155-162
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• 2010

Epidemiological evidence of the effects of dietary sodium, calcium, and potassium, and anthropometric indexes on blood pressure is still inconsistent. To investigate the relationship between dietary factors or anthropometric indexes and hypertension risk, we examined the association of systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) with sodium, calcium, and potassium intakes and anthropometric indexes in 19~49-year-olds using data from Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) III. Total of 2,761 young and middle aged adults (574 aged 19~29 years and 2,187 aged 30~49 years) were selected from KNHANES III. General information, nutritional status, and anthropometric data were compared between two age groups (19~29 years old and 30~49 years old). The relevance of blood pressure and risk factors such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and the intakes of sodium, potassium, and calcium was determined by multiple regression analysis. Multiple regression models showed that waist circumference, weight, and BMI were positively associated with SBP and DBP in both age groups. Sodium and potassium intakes were not associated with either SBP or DBP. Among 30~49-year-olds, calcium was inversely associated with both SBP and DBP (P = 0.012 and 0.010, respectively). Our findings suggest that encouraging calcium consumption and weight control may play an important role in the primary prevention and management of hypertension in early adulthood.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.563-576
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate night-time eating habits, and dietary habit and nutrient intake of university students in a particular area of Chungnam. We surveyed night-time eating status, frequency, and preference for eating foods at night in 458 university students. We divided the subjects into two groups according to their night-time eating habits and gender and compared dietary behavior, lifestyle, and nutrient intake between the groups. In total, 77.1% of the students ate a night-time snack. The major reason why they ate a night-time snack was hunger. The cost of the night-time snacks was 3,000~10,000 won and they ate mostly with their friends. The order of frequent night-time eating foods was beverage, milk and its products, snacks, flour foods, and fruits. The subjects with a night-time eating habit skipped breakfast, went to bed late, and drank alcohol more than subjects without a night-time eating habit. Total and animal fat intake of subjects with a night-time eating habit in both men and women were significantly higher than subjects without a night-time eating habit. In conclusion, night-time eating by university students may be a bad habit from the viewpoint of skipping breakfast, drinking alcohol, and eating a high fat diet. Therefore, in support of proper dietary management, it is necessary to form positive dietary habits, including night-time eating.