• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.247-258
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate weight control status and associated factors among health-related major female college students. The subjects consisted of 41 nutrition and 78 physical exercise major female college students. Nutrient intakes, biochemical index, nutrition knowledge (recognition and accuracy), interest of weight control, body satisfaction, self-recognition of health condition, self-evaluated body weight were studied. About 73% of nutrition and 79% of physical exercise major female students were in the normal range of BMI ($18.5{\sim}23$) and 2% of nutrition and 1% of physical exercise major female students were underweight, 10% of nutrition and 6% of physical exercise major female students were obese. There were no significant differences in height and weight by major but %body fat and WHR in physical exercise majors were significantly lower than nutrition major students (respectively p<0.01, p<0.05). Overall, nutrition intakes of subjects were not shown to be appropriate, especially Ca/P of subjects was shown $0.54{\sim}0.64$, fat% out of energy of subjects was shown $24.7{\sim}29.0$ and Na intake was shown above 2000mg. Recognition and accuracy of nutrition were higher than those of physical exercise majors (p<0.001). There were no significant differences in self-recognition of health condition, self-evaluated body weight, satisfaction of body shape by major and weight control attempt. But interest of weight control of attempter was higher than that of no-attempter in nutrition (p<0.05) and physical exercise major students (p<0.01). Significantly negative correlation was found in satisfaction of body and BMI, body fat mass, %bodyfat, WHR. And significantly positive correlation was found in interest of weight control and BMI, %bodyfat, WHR. It was noticeable to see that interest of weight control was positively correlated to accuracy and accuracy was negatively correlated to blood cholesterol level. Therefore, proper nutrition education for female college students is needed in order to improve their weight control-related health.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.169-181
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• 2011

Purpose: This paper presents the development process and the final contents of the sellf- management education program integrated with exercise training (Healthy Aging Happy Aging, HAHA program) for community residing older adults with chronic diseases. Methods: The program evaluation methodology was applied which is an interactive program development process based on needs assessment, formative evaluation, process evaluation and outcome evaluation. The program was developed and revised while the program was implementing to 22 hypertension (HT) and 32 diabetic (DM) participants. Results: The final program has two sub-programs for HT and DM participants utilizing self-efficacy resources. They share four common components; 1) health screening of exercise risks, 2) weekly 1-hour group self-management education classes, 3) biweekly 1-hour group exercise training and 4) a mid-term individual counseling. Both sub-programs were 12-weeks long but have different education and exercise contents. Participants-rated mean satisfaction scores were 3.47/4 and 3.61/4 for HT and DM program respectively. Attendance rate were 83.1% ~ 92.3% for the classes. Conclusion: The HAHA program developed by multidisciplinary team which reflected participants needs was accepted well by participants evidenced by high attendance rate and perceived satisfaction level.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.83-92
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• 2002

Purpose: This study was performed to identify the process of change, decisional balance and self-efficacy corresponding to the stage of exercise behavior using Transtheoretical Model in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: The study method was a survey in 100 type 2 DM patients at out-patients clinic of Y medical center from March 19, 2000 to October 30, 2000. Result: The results were as follows: The subjects were divided into five stages of exercise behavior ; 15.0% in pre-contemplation stage, 33.0% in contemplation stage, 17.0% in preparation stage, 16.0% in action stage and 19.0% in maintenance stage. The subjects in pre-contemplation stage used all processes of change in the least. "Dramatic relief(DR)", "Environmental reevaluation(ER)" and "Self reevaluation(SR)" were identified as main processes of change in contemplation stage. "Consciousness raising(CR)", "DR" were used higher than average in preparation stage. Helping relationships(HR)", "CR", "ER", "SR", "Social liberation(SL)", "Counter conditioning (CC)", "Reinforcement management(RM)", "Self iberation(SEL)" and "Stimulus control(SC)" were used higher than average in action stage. The subjects in maintenance stage used all process of change the highest except "DR"and "HR". "Cons" score of decisional balance was the highest in pre-contemplation stage, "Pros" score was the highest in action stage and "Self-efficacy" score was the highest in maintenance stage. Conclusion: This study can provide the basis of staged matching exercise program using TTM for more effective and useful intervention.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study aimed to provide the basic data necessary for rehabilitation by identifying the effects of complex balance exercises combined with self-observation training on balance and gait improvement in stroke patients. METHODS: This study assigned 20 people randomly into two groups: the control and experimental groups. The experimental group (10 subjects) underwent self-observation training-combined complex balance exercise. The control group (10 subjects) underwent complex balance exercises. A pretest of the balance ability and walking ability of both groups was performed. The interventions were conducted for 30 minutes three times a week for four weeks, and post-tests were conducted four weeks after all interventions were completed. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups according to the increase in Berg Balance Sale within the group and a statistically significant difference by a decrease in 10MWT (p < .01). On the other hand, there was a significant difference only in the change in Berg Balance Sale between the two groups (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Combined balance exercise combined with self-observation training and combined balance exercise alone positively affected the Berg Balance Sale and 10MWT in both groups. On the other hand, in the results between groups, there was a statistically significant difference in Berg Balance Sale in complex balance exercise combined with self-observation training. Therefore, self-observation training should be used for the rapid social rehabilitation of stroke patients.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to analyze the factors affecting the stages of change of exercise in middle-aged men who work. 170 middle-aged men who work surveyed, 40 to 59 years old, is residing, Chung-Buk and Chung-Nam province, who understand the purpose of this study and agree to participate in this study. This study data is analyzed by using frequency, percentage, standard deviation, t-test, 𝑥² test and Logistic regression analysis. The study show that the exercise self-efficacy(𝛽=.965, p=.003) and the perceived health status(𝛽=.805, p=.025) among middle aged men who work have an effect on the stages of change of exercise meaningfully. That is, the exercise self-efficacy of middle aged men who work who have exercise behavior is 2.6 times higher than middle aged men at work who don't have exercise behavior, and the perceived health status is 2.2 times higher. This study suggests that the development of better exercise practice for middle aged men who work should be aimed at promoting exercise self-efficacy and perceived health status, Based on this, it is necessary to find ways to operate exercise programs at the workplace and community level.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.1433-1436
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Doin Gigong Exercise program on flexibleness of articulation and mood status in elderly woman. This study was one group pre-post test desgian with repeated measures. The experimental group of 27 patients were selected through sampling from Haeundae-public health center. The subjects received Doin Gigong Exercise twice a week for 90 minutes for 12 weeks. To evaluate the effects of Doin Gigong Exercise, flexibleness of articulation and mood status in elderly woman were measured at before and 12 weeks after program, The pain of arthritis significantly decreased (p<0.05) after the exercise program. The values for shoulder flexibility (left: p<0.05) significantly increased after the exercise program. The values for left-right knee flexion and extension flexibility(left knee extention: p<0.05) significantly increased after the exercise program. The values for mood status significantly decreased (p<0.01), the values for self-confidence and self- benefit significantly increased(p<0.01) after the exercise program.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.293-298
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• 2018

The aim of this study was to survey the effects of planned exercise over the age of 65 in male and female with regard to their self-efficacy, depression, and life satisfaction, based on the literatures of 14 master and doctoral dissertations published between 2004 and 2014. The subjects with program exercise habit were chosen considering the generalization of the physical characteristics of elderly subjects. The exercise duration was 50 minutes for 3 times a week for 12 to 24 weeks. Exercise intensity was an optimal aerobic exercise plan that the subjects themselves could perform. The average effect size of self-efficacy was 0.793 (26.1% increased), depression was -0.91(31.9% decreased), and life satisfaction was 1.506 (43.4% increased). These indicate that post-exercise psychological variables had a positive effect on self-efficacy and life satisfaction by lowering depression after regular exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to increase regular exercise participation and to provide sustainable scientific information for the aged and healthy living of the elderly.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.63-75
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• 2006

Objective: This study was performed to identify the related factors of change affecting the stage of change, on the assumption that there are various stages of change in the exercise behavior of workers. Method: The subjects of the study consisted of 138 workers of 10 workplaces located in Daejeon City, and data collected by using questionnaires were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 11.5 program. Results: The subjects were distributed in the stage of exercise behavior change as follows: precontemplation stage(10.9%), contemplation stage(22.5%), preparation stage(41.3%), action stage(8.7%), and maintenance stage(16.7%). Of the process of change depending on the stage of exercise behavior change, the consciousness raising(F=11.50, p=.00), dramatic relief(F=2.82, p=.02) showed significant difference in the cognitive process, and the counter conditioning(F=4.56, p=.00), reinforcement management(F=4.64, p=.00), self-liberation(F=9.46, p=.00), and stimulus control(F=13.28, p=.00) showed significant difference in the behavioral process. For decision-making depending on the stage of exercise behavior change, both the pros of decision-making(F=9.23, p=.00) and the cons of decision-making(F=2.45, p=.04) showed significant difference. Self-efficacy depending on the stage of exercise behavior change showed significant difference as F=11.50, p=.00. The related factors of change affecting the stage of exercise behavior change were the pros of decision-making, the cons of decision-making, and self-efficacy including 34.1% R-square. Conclusion: In order to change the exercise behavior of workers positively, they need to be stimulated to use the cognitive and behavioral process in the process of change properly, and to be induced to make a decision positively. And also exercise programs suitable to various characteristics of each worker as well as those of workplaces to enhance self-efficacy need to be applied after being devised. Through the further longitudinal research, it is necessary to analyze the various aspects, such as groups to select, to maintain, to stop or give up the exercise, and to avoid the change, and to study how the related factors of change affect diversity like the above.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.132-142
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• 1998

This study was conducted to investigate whether exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program based on the self-efficacy theory of Bandura(1977) would increase self-efficacy and metabolism in NIDDM patients. The study design was a nonequivalent control group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental desist The exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program was composed of a staged exercise program, a small booklet relating personal experience with diabetes mellitus and a telephone coaching program on performance accomplishment. vicarious experience and verbal persuasion, which are all induction modes of efficacy expectation. The subjects of the study were twenty eight NIDDM patients who received follow-up care regularly through the out-patient department of endocrine medicine in one general hospital which had a diabetic clinic. Fourteen were assigned to the experimental group and fourteen to the control group. The experimental group participated in the exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program from three to five times per week for four weeks and the control group did not have the program. The collected data were analyzed using the X²-test, t-test, paired t-test, and Cronbach's Alpha using SPSS /PC/sup +/. The results are summarized as follows 1. Experimental group had higher efficacy score than control group(t=5.98, p=.00). And. There was a significant different in the efficacy score before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(t=-6.42, p=.00). 2. Experimental group did not have lower level of glucose metabolism than control group(FBS : t=.32, p=.75, HbAlC : t=.60, p=.55, pc 2hrs. glucose : t=-.29, p=.78). But, There was a significant different in the aunt of glucose metabolism before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(FBS : t=3.63, p=.003, HbAlC t=4.20, p=.00, pc 2hrs. glucose : t=1.93, p=.001). 3. Levels of lipid metabolism were partly a significant different between Experimental group and control group(triglyceride t=-1.87, p=.07, HDL cholesterol : t=-.29, p=.77. body weight : t=1.78, p=.09, Total cholesterol : t=-2.17, p=.04). And, There was partly a significant different in the amount of lipid metabolism before exercise therapy applied in the efficacy expectation promoting program and after in experimental group(triglyceride : t=2.50, p=.03, HDL cholesterol : t=-.43, p=.67, body weight : t=5.34. p=.00, Total cholesterol : t=2.26, p=.04). In conclusion, it was found that exercise therapy applied in an efficacy expectation promoting program was an effective nursing intervention for increasing self-efficacy and metabolism.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.348-358
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing regular exercise of the elderly in discriminating regular exercise and non - regular exercise groups. Method: The subjects of this study were 167 elderly over the age of 60, living in a rural city in Korea. The data was collected by interview and self report questionnaire in 1999. The Cronbach 's alpha of scales used this study were .66 ~.97. Result: 1. There were significant differences in doing regular exercise between the perceived importance of the health(p=021), the perceived health status(p=.050), the perceived need of the exercise(p=000), the perceived importance of the exercise(p=.000), the intent of participation in the exercise program(p=.000), IADL score(p=.022), the perceived benefits of exercise (p=.000), the emotion of exercise(p=.000), HPLP(p=.000), the self efficacy(p=.001), the perceived benefits of health promoting behaviors(p= .011), the perceived barriers of the health promoting behaviors(p=.002), and the Internal locus of control(p=.021) of the elderly. 2. Variables which showed significance for discriminating regular exercise of the elderly in this study were the perceived need of the exercise(p=.000) and the perceived benefits of the exercise(p=.000). By using the combination of these variables, the possibility of proper prediction for predicting regular exercise group was 84.8 %, non - regular exercise group was 93.9%, and total Hit ratio was 89.4%. Conclusion: To improve exercise behavior in older adults, health care providers should focus of developing interventions to strengthen the perceived benefits, the perceived needs of the exercise.