• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.19 no.spc
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• pp.247-250
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• 2011

Four seed vetch (Vicia tetrasperma), a biennial native leguminous plant, was used for a cover crop with different quantity of sowed seeds. Weed suppression and yield were evaluated for the red pepper cultivation in the following year of the vetch seeding. Seeding of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 kg 10 $a^{-1}$ suppressed weed occurrences until late in the growing season of the red pepper. Consequently, red pepper in the cover cropping system with seeding of 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 kg 10 $a^{-1}$ had a similar yield to the conventional red pepper. The ideal seed rate in four seed vetch was 3.0 and 4.5 kg 10 $a^{-1}$ in terms of reducing weed occurrence as well as increasing growth and yield in red pepper.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.298-302
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• 2006

This study was carried out to establish low-input fertilization and seeding technique using the simultaneous with seeding and fertilizer application machine and band spotty applicator which were manufactured for experiment during cultivation of mulching for peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.). The labor hour for seeding by simultaneous with seeding and fertilizing machine was appeared over 90% reduction effect compared with control plot($17.3hr\;10a^{-1}$). In band spotty fertilization plots, the emergence date was delayed about 4 days and the seedling stand rate was decreased 11~18% compared with control plot(man power). The content of total nitrogen of soil after experiment was increased while the contents of organic matter, available phosphate and exchangeable potassium were decreased than before experiment. The content of nitrogen forming nitrate was increased in band spotty fertilization(BSF) plots by increasing the amount of applied fertilizer from early growth stage till the middle growth stage. Growth rate was increased in band spotty fertilization plots and the absorbed amount of phosphate and potassium for peanut were increased in 70% band spotty fertilization plot compared with control plot. Yield of peanut was increased 70% in band spotty fertilization plot due to high pod kernel ratio and ripened pod rate compared with control plot($3,150kg\;ha^{-1}$). It was found that 70% band spotty fertilization was more effective as fertilization method to reduce both environmental pollution and chemical nitrogen fertilizer in plastic film mulching cultivation of peanut.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.103-108
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• 1985

A series of experiments were conducted to determine the effect of pH, salinity, seeding depth, and moisture stress on the germination and growth of Echinochloa colons (L.) Link. Germination significantly decreased at pH 10, but shoot lengths were not affected by the pH tested. Germination was not affected by salt concentrations of up to 0.1%, but was significantly reduced at 0.5%. A 1.0% salt concentration did not significantly reduce shoot length. Increase in seeding depth significantly reduced emergence. Irrespective of seeding depth, the coleoptilar node was always just below the soil surface. Delayed and decreased germination was obtained at -4.6 bars of simulated water potential, while no germination occurred at -9.8 bars. Soil moisture stress significantly reduced plant height, delayed panicle initiation, and reduced seed production.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.574-579
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• 1995

To investigate the effect of the midsummer drainage method on growth and lodging characters, Dongjinbyeo was direct seeded on dry paddy field under 4cm of soil depth at May 1 by seeding machine. Three kind of drainage methods were treated such as, once in 20day, towice in 20, 30 days and 3 times 20, 30, 40 days after flooding. As increase the drainage times, the culm and internode length were shorter, culm wall of 4th internode was thicker, breaking weight was heavier, height of center weight was lower, lodging index was reduced, and dry weight of root was increased. Field lodging occured seriously at none drainage but didn't, with two or three times of drainage. Grain yield was not shown significantly different compared with constant flooding irrespective of midsummer drainage times. Therefore two or three times of midsummer drainage could be recommended as the effective water management for the reduction of lodging occurance in direct seeding culture on dry paddy field.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.81-86
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• 1988

Experiments were conducted to investigate the locational and ovipositional preferences of the single and mixed populations of the brown planthopper(BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stal), and the whitebacked planthopper(WBPH),Sogatella furcifera (Hovath), with the different popula-tion densities at seeding, max-tillering, booting and heading stages of rice variety seonam by대. The WBPH showed a locational preference for the upper portion while the BPH was observed to stay generally on the lower portion regardless of rice growth stages, population density-levels and the single or the mixed populations of two species. At seeding, max-tillerinf, boo-tring and heading stage, the preference for the lower portion of the rice plants was found to be slighty reduced with the lapse of time, respectively, from the single or the mixed popula-tions of both the species. Ovipositional lication of both the species was found not to be affected by the different population densities at rice growth stage. Although the BPH prefered a ovi-positional location for the lower portion at seeding, booting and heading stages, its preference-was somewhat reduced with the developmental stages of rice plants, whereas the WBPH showed a ovipositional preference for lower portion at seeding stages, but prefered the same tendency of ovipositional preference for the upper and the lower portion, The location and ovipositional preferences were likely to be affected by the competition between species with the mixed populations rather than single.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1985

A number of field surveys have been performed in larch (Larix leptolepsis) forest floor in which any seeding of this species never find ther. In laboratory work, aqueous extracts from leaves, roots and stems of larch were provided and used to bioassay. Among them, germination and seedling growth of selected species were the most inhibitory in leaves extracts. Though germiation percentage of a species showed high compared with control, its dry weight after a given period grown were clearly low. The results due to be considered by allelopathic effect. And syringic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were identified by HPLC from larch leaves. It is assumed that these phenolic acids affect on other species as allelochemicals of larch.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.66-76
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• 1987

When rice seeds were rinsed in If) Korean ginseng tea (KG 722, Korean Ginseng Product Co. Ltd. made) for 28 hours prior to seeding, the early growth was found relatively fast and their resistance against blight and harmful insects was increased. Rice yield showed that control group, rinsing group and spraying group were 514 kg/10a, 562 kg/ 10a and 571 kg/ 10a respectively. However, rinsing and spraying groups were 590 kg/ 10a (leaf spraying) and 605 kg/ 10a (spray immediate after seeding) respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 1998

To know possibility of raw ginseng production for white- and red-ginseng by direct-sowing culture, seeds were directly sowed or seedlings were transplanted at soil condition of sandy loam in ginseng field. After cultivation, the characters of 5-year-old ginseng were investigated. Number of survived plants was increased with increase the seeding quantity in direct-sowing culture, the survived plants in direct-sowing culture was higher than that of transplanting one. Rate of the numbers of survived plants to numbers of seeds sowed in plots of 134 or 90 seeds sowed per tan, 180 x 90cm area, inspire of high number of survived plant was high compared to that of transplanting culture. Occurrence rate of rusty root of ginseng in direct-sowing culture was low significantly compared to that of transplanting culture. Root yield showed in the order of 134, 268, 90 seeds sowed, the values of yield in direct-sowing culture were high obviously compared to that of transplanting one. Individual root weight was increased with decrease the seeding quantity, however, the root weight in plot of 90 seeds sowed showed almost equal the weight in transplanting culture. The number of usable raw ginseng for white- and red-ginseng was increased with decrease of the seeding quantity; the numbers were higher than that of transplanting culture remarkably. We concluded that optimum seedling rate in direct-sowing culture of ginseng was 90 to 134 seeds per tan considering the yield per area and production rate of large root.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.9-15
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• 1992

To establish the method of direct seeding cultivation in rice (Oryza sativa L.), direct surface seeding with treatments of N application rate, application of growth regulator(PP333), and seeding rate were conducted from May to Oct., 1989 at the experimental field of Sunchon National University. There were no significant differences among treatment means of N application rates, and seeding rates, which seemed to be due to severe occurrence of field lodging. Application of PP333 reduced culm length by 3-4m, but it did not affect the occurrence of lodging. The optimal seeding rate to maximize the number of spikelets per unit area was estimated to be 6kg seed /10a. To obtain stable yield in cultivation of direct surface seeded rice in submerged paddy field, it was necessary to reduce occurrence of field lodging through breeding of lodging resistance genotypes rather than cultural practices.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.316-323
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• 1994

In order to reduce the problems from the presence of rye crop residues in maize establishment and yield, and also to improve the growth, productivity and nutritive value of rye(Seca1e cereal L.). an experiment was canied out to determine the variety effect of rye on the forage production system and the eft'ect of seeding and harvesting dates on the production and quality of rye. 'This experiment was conducted at the forage testing field of S.N.U., Suweon, from September 1986 to May 1989. Heading date of an early maturing rye variety, Wintermore. was earlier 10 days than that of a late maturing rye variety, Kodiak. A 15-days delay in the seeding dates of early and late maturing varieties of rye tended to delay the heading dates of the rye varieties for 3 and 4 days, respectively. Dry matter and in vitro digestible dry matter yields were markedly increased with earlier seeding date. Before 20 April, the DM and IVDDM yeilds of an early maturing rye variety, Winterrnore. were higher than those of a late maturing rye variety, Kodiak. However, no such a trend was found between the early and late maturing varieties of rye after 27 April. Less than 35% of ADF was recorded until the harvesting dates of 13 and 27 p r i l for early and late maturing rye varieties, respectively, but less than 46% of NDF was maintained until the harvesting drtte of 13 April for botg varieties. Based on the results obtained from this experiment. it may be concluded that the most desirable forage production from corn-rye double cropping system is to advance the seeding time of rye toward the first 10 days of September as well as harvesting time toward the first heading stage with an early maturing rye variety.