• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.1049-1056
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• 2010

Recently RFID system has been adopted in various fields rapidly. However, we should solve the problem of privacy invasion that can be occurred by obtaining information of RFID Tag without any permission for popularization of RFID system. To solve these problems, There is the Ohkubo et al.'s Hash-Chain Scheme which is the safest method. However, this method has a problem that requesting lots of computing process because of creasing numbers of Tag. Therefore We, suggest SP-Division algorithm satisfied with all necessary security of Privacy Protection Scheme and decreased in Tag Identification Time in this paper. And this paper implemented it in time standard finding the first key among the data devided into each nodes. The length of Hash-Chain holds 1000, and the total number of SPs increases 1000, 2000, 3000, and 4000. Comparing tag identification time by the total number of SPs and the number of Nodes with single node, extending the number of nodes to 1, 2, 3 and 4, when the number of nodes is 2, 40% of Performance, when the number of nodes is 3, 56%, and when the number of nodes is 4, 71% is improved.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1928-1939
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• 2017

Fog computing is another paradigm of the cloud computing, which extends the ubiquitous services to applications on many connected devices in the IoT (Internet of Things). In general, if we access a lot of IoT devices with existing cloud, we waste a huge amount of bandwidth and work efficiency becomes low. So we apply the paradigm called fog between IoT devices and cloud. The network architecture based on cloud and fog computing discloses the security and privacy issues according to mixed paradigm. There are so many security issues in many aspects. Moreover many IoT devices are connected at fog and they generate much data, therefore light and efficient security mechanism is needed. For example, with inappropriate encryption or authentication algorithm, it causes a huge bandwidth loss. In this paper, we consider issues related with data encryption and authentication mechanism in the network architecture for cloud and fog-based M2M (Machine to Machine) IoT services. This includes trusted encryption and authentication algorithm, and key generation method. The contribution of this paper is to provide efficient security mechanisms for the proposed service architecture. We implemented the envisaged conceptual security check mechanisms and verified their performance.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.14C no.5
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• pp.431-438
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• 2007

RFID system is core technology that construct ubiquitous environment for replacement of barcode technology. Use ratio of RFID system rapidly increase because the technology has many good points such as identification speed, storage space, convenience etc. But low-cost tag operates easily by query of reader, so the system happened user privacy violent problem by tag information exposure. The system studied many ways for security application, but operation capability of low-cost tag is about $5K{\sim}10K$ gates, but only $250{\sim}3K$ gates allocated security part. So it is difficult to apply security to the system. Therefore, this scheme uses dividing 64 bits and reduces arithmetic, so proposed scheme provide mutual authentication that can apply to low-cost RFID system. Existing methods divide by 4 and used 96 bits. However, that reduces 32 bits length for lightweight and reduced from communication number of times of 7 times to 5 times. Also, because offer security by random number than existing scheme that generate two random numbers, that is more efficient. However, uses hash function for integrity that was not offered by XOR arithmetic and added extension of proposed scheme. Extended scheme is not offered efficiency than methods that use XOR arithmetic, but identification distance is mode that is proposed secure so that can use in for RFID system.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.02a
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• pp.328-333
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• 2007

RFID와 sensor network의 두 기반 기술은 독특한 물리적 특정을 가지며 상호 보완적인 관계를 가지고 있다. 이러한 관계는 창고 안 물품의 상태파악과 입출 재고를 관리하는 형태로 응용된다. 창고 내 물품 보관 단위인 파렛트(Pallet) 에 RFID 태그를 부착하여 입/출고시의 물품을 식별한다. 그리고 Zigbee 무선 통신기능을 가진 센서 모듈에 의해 물품의 환경 상태 정보를 파악한다. 이후 현장 관리자나 소비자들은 이동형 단말장치를 통해 현장에서 다양한 USN 상의 정보들과 상호작용 한다. 이 과정에서 이동형 단말장치를 통한 RFID tag 정보와 센서 노드의 접근이 공중파 상에 노출 된다. 이러한 센서 노드 접근을 보호하기 위해 추가적인 칩 설계 등의 비용 지불로 기밀 노출에 대처할 수 있다. 이에 대한 대안으로 인프라형태로 놓여진 RFID tag와 단말장치에 탑재될 RFID 리더를 활용해 더 적은 비용으로 보안 서비스를 받고자 한다. 그래서 유비쿼터스 환경에서 센서 노드에 대한 접근을 제어하기 위해 RFID tag를 지역키(local key) 처럼 사용한다. 또한 이 과정에 보안이 적용된 프로토콜을 설계 하는 것이 본 논문의 주된 목표이다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.31 no.7C
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• pp.755-761
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• 2006

Previous RFID technique, it is recognizable without the physical contact between the reader and the tag, causes the serious privacy infringement such as excessive information exposure and user's location information tracking due to the wireless characteristics. Especially the information security problem of read only tag is solved by physical method. In this paper, we propose a low-cost mutual authentication protocol which is adopted to read-only tag and secure to several attacks using XOR and Partial ID. The proposed protocol is secure against reply attacking, eavesdropping, spoofing attacking and location tracking.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.10C
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• pp.946-954
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• 2009

General RFID system has assumed that the communication channel between reader and back-end database is secure channel. However, the reader can be communicated with the database through insecure channel like the communication channel between the reader and the tag according to application environment. In this paper, we propose a new secure RFID mutual authentication protocol based on open network channel which assumed that all communication channels between the database, the reader and the tag are insecure communication channels. The proposed protocol uses a secure one-way hash function to provide authentication and integrity against all communication messages which exchanged on the open channels. In addition, we designed that the proposed protocol can provide forward secrecy by performing the database and the tag update their old secret key with a new secret key after finished mutual authentication.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.46-53
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• 2008

This paper presents a 13.56 MHz RFID reader that can be used as a door-lock system for smart home security. The RFID reader consists of a transmitter, a receiver, and a data processing block. To verify the operation of the developed RFID reader, we present both a PSPICE simulation for transmitter/receiver and a digital simulation for data processing block. In particular, a CRC block for error detection of received data and a Manchester decoding block for position detection of collided data are designed using VHDL. In addition, we applied a binary search algorithm for multi-tag anti-collision. The anti-collision procedure is carried out by PIC microcontroller on software. The experimental results show that the developed reader can provide the right multi-tag recognition.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.357-364
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• 2015

Tags and Readers is receiving and sending the data using the wireless communication in the RFID environment. Therefore, it could allow an attacker to participate in the network without the physical constraints, which can be easily exposed to a variety of attacks, such as taps and data forgery. Also, it is not easy to apply the security techniques to defend external attacks because the resource constraints of RFID tags is high. In this paper, new tag-reader mutual authentication protocol is proposed to protect the external cyber attacks such as spoofing attacks, replay attacks, traffic analysis attacks, location tracking attacks. The performance evaluation of the proposed mutual authentication protocol is performed and the simulation results are presented.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.111-116
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• 2007

An eSeal(Electrical Seal) is an active RFID device which installed on the door of a container. The main role of the tag is to make sure the seal is not breaking by unauthorized people. Because an eSeal uses RFID system, we need to prevent eavesdrop and impersonate. Moreover, an eSeal which uses a secure protocol must not be able to duplicate. If duplication resistant property is not provide to a eSeal, an attacker may replace a object in the sealed container and reseal the container with duplicated eseal to hide breaking of the eSeal. In this paper, we provide a protocol which resist duplicate an eSeal during prevent eavesdrop and impersonation.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.85-94
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• 2010

As an automatic identification technology, in which electronic tags are attached to items and system auto-identifies informations of the items using wireless communication technology, use of RFID system is increasing in various fields. According to that, related security problems are becoming important issue. Up to now, many authentication protocols have been proposed to solve security problem of RFID system. In this paper, We show that the RFID authentication protocols in [9, 10], which are compatible with Type C RFID system in ISO 18000-6 Amd1[8], are vulnerable to a spoofing attack. In addition, we propose improved protocols having small additional cost over the original protocols.