• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.227-235
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• 1993

The effectiveness of sodium carboxymethylcellulose(SCMC) and dextran 70 in the prevention of adhesion formation in abdominal cavity of rabbits following artificial injuries was elucidated and the effects -of these medicines on blood pictures were also examined. After abrasion treatment on jejunum in gonadotropins primed rabbits, 1, 2 and 3% of SCMC solutions, 6 and 10% dextran 70 solutions and a synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and loft dextran 70 in 0.9% saline solution were infused into the abdominal cavity. Four weeks later the abdominal cavities were reopened under general anesthesia. The synthetic solution showed the highest adhesion reduction rate(100%), while 1% SCMC, 6 and loft dextran solutions showed no significantly evident effect of adhesion prevention. The SCMC solutions showed better adhesion reduction effect than dextran 70 solutions. After infusion of these adhesion preventive medicines, the changes of total leucocytes, erythrocytes, lymphocytes, PCV, plasma fibrinogen and protein contents were examined. No remarkable difference in blood pictures was shown between the synthetic solution and the other medicines. Therefore, it can be suggested that the synthetic solution of 1% SCMC and 10% dextran 70 in 0.9% saline solution at dose of 5$m\ell$/kg of body weight is prominently effective in the prevention of postoperative adhesion formation and wolf be safe in animals and human.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.115-125
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• 1992

It is advisable to use irrigation solutions which have strong antibacterial effect and weak cytotoxic effect on treating root infections. Streptococci are ones of the most frequently isolated microorganisms in infected root canals. The antibacterial effect of ten irrigation solutions were investigated on S. mutans (19449), S. sanguis. )10556) and 4 streptococci isolated from saliva of healthy persons. These streptococci were exposured to irrigation solutions during 10 sec, 30 sec,. 1 min, 3 min, 5 min, 10 min, 30 min and 2hrs respectively. Four irrigation solutions which showed strong antibacterial activity were diluted to 1 : 1 to 1 : 10,000. Then they were subcultured on blood agar plate an observed after 1 day. 5.25% NaOC1 had the strongest antibacterial effect. 30% urea and normal saline showed no antibacterial effect. 50 % citric acid and 3% $H_2O_2$ showed relatively weak antibacterial effect. 15 % EDTA had very weak antibacterial effect.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.205-214
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• 2023

Soil salinity is becoming one of the most devastating environmental hazards over the years. Soil investigation involves fast, low cost and non disturbing methods to measure soil characteristics for both construction projects as well as for agricultural use. The electrical resistivity of saline soils is greatly governed by salt concentration and the presence of moisture in soil matrix. Experimental results of this investigation highlight that there is a significant relationship between the electrical resistivity of soil samples mixed with chloride solutions (NaCl, KCl, and MgCl₂) at various concentrations, and soil physical properties. Correlations represented by quadratic functions were obtained between electrical resistivity and soil characteristics, namely, water content, degree of saturation and salt concentration. This research reveals that the obtained correlations between electrical resistivity, salt concentration, water content and degree of saturation are effective for predicting the characteristics of salt affected soils in practice, which constitute a governing element in the assessment of saline lands sustaining infrastructure.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.643-654
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• 2019

The amino acid composition, protein quality, and protein functionality of protein solution extracted from three edible insect species were investigated. We used 0.02% ascorbic acid and 0.58 M saline solution to extract water-soluble and salt-soluble proteins from the three insect species. Extracted protein solutions of Tenebrio molitor (TM), Allomyrina dichotoma (AD), and Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (PB) were divided into six groups, according to species and solubility: WTM, WAD, WPB (water-soluble), and STM, SAD, and SPB (salt-soluble). Defatted TM had the highest protein content, but its protein solubility was the lowest, for both water and saline solutions. Amino acid composition differed by edible insect species and buffer type; SPB had the highest protein quality, followed by WPB. PB had a higher pH than the other species. Color values also differed among species. SPB had abundant high molecular weight proteins, compared with other treatments; and also had the highest foaming capacity, foam stability, and emulsifying capacity. In conclusion, PB is a good source of functional protein compared with the other studied species. Additionally, protein extraction using saline solution is promising as a useful method for improving edible insect protein functionality.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.239-242
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• 2006

To evaluate the protoscolicidal effects of various concentrations of hypertonic glucose, live protoscolices of sheep were exposed to 10%, 15%, 25% and 50% glucose solutions. Cetrimide (0.5%), silver nitrate (0.5%) and hypertonic saline (20%) were used as positive controls, while physiological saline was used as a negative control. After 1, 2 and 5 min, the protoscolicidal effects were determined by 1 % eosin. A 25% glucose solution had no significant protoscolicidal effect. However, a 50% glucose solution revealed higher protoscolicidal effect than 0.5% silver nitrate but weaker effect than 0.5% cetrimide; the effect was comparable with that of 20% hypertonic saline. The results showed that hypertonic glucose solution is highly effective in killing protoscolices of Echinococcus granulosus in vitro.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.997-1004
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• 2018

The brine leakage is a tough problem in artificial freezing engineering. This paper takes the common soft clay in Wujiang District as the study object, and calcium chloride solutions with six salinity levels were considered. The 'classic' cooling curve method was employed to measure the freezing point of specimens after freeze-thaw. Results indicate that four characteristic stages can be observed including supercooling, abrupt transition, equilibrium and continual freezing, strongly dependent on the variation of unfrozen water content. Two characteristic points were found from the cooling curves, i.e., freezing point and initial crystallization temperature. A critical value for the former exists at which the increment lowers. The higher the saline content approximately linearly, lower the freezing point. In the initial five cycles, the freezing point increases and then stabilizes. Besides, the degree of supercooling was calculated and its correlations with water, salt and freeze-thaw cycles were noted. Finally, an empirical equation was proposed for the relationship of freezing point and three main factors, i.e., water content, saline content and freeze-thaw cycles. Comparison of calculated and measured data proves that it is reliable and may provide guidance for the design and numerical analysis in frozen soil engineering.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of the Difflam spray 0.3% with the sodium bicarbonate-normal saline spray on oral care for postoperative patients. Methods: The participants were randomly allocated to either the Difflam (n=22) group or the saline solution (n=23) group. The data were collected at the 1-, 4-, 7-, and 10-hour marks after returning to the ward post operation using the Beck's subjective oral discomfort scale, Visual Analogue Scale for sore throat, and portable halitosis detector. Results: The sore throat (F=7.25, p=.001) score significantly decreased after oral care using the Difflam spray 0.3%. However, the difference in the scores of oral comfort (F=0.34, p=.797) and halitosis (F=0.91, p=.443) between the two groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the Difflam spray 0.3% is effective in improving postoperative sore throat. A further study that explores the effect of various oral solutions for postoperative patients is needed to present systemic and effective evidence-based oral care guidelines.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.324-331
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• 2017

Objectives: This study evaluated smear layer removal by different chemical solutions used with or without ultrasonic activation after post preparation. Materials and Methods: Forty-five extracted uniradicular human mandibular premolars with single canals were treated endodontically. The cervical and middle thirds of the fillings were then removed, and the specimens were divided into 9 groups: G1, saline solution (NaCl); G2, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G3, 2% chlorhexidine (CHX); G4, 11.5% polyacrylic acid (PAA); G5, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). For the groups 6, 7, 8, and 9, the same solutions used in the groups 2, 3, 4, and 5 were used, respectively, but activated with ultrasonic activation. Afterwards, the roots were analyzed by a score considering the images obtained from a scanning electron microscope. Results: EDTA achieved the best performance compared with the other solutions evaluated regardless of the irrigation method (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Ultrasonic activation did not significantly influence smear layer removal.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2013년도 제44회 동계 정기학술대회 초록집
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• pp.494-494
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• 2013

Atmospheric pressure non-thermal plasma of the needle-typed interaction with aqueous solutions has received increasing attention for their biomedical applications [1]. In this context, surface discharges at bio-solutions were investigated experimentally. We have generated the non-thermal plasma jet bombarding the bio-solution surface by using an Ar gas flow and investigated the emission lines by OES (optical emission spectroscopy) [2]. Moreover, The non-thermal plasma interaction with bio-solutions has received increasing attention for their biomedical applications. So we researched, the OH radical density of various biological solutions in the surface by non-thermal plasma were investigated by Ar gases. The OH radical density of DI water; deionized water, DMEM Dulbecco's modified eagle medium, and PBS; 1x phosphate buffered saline by non-thermal plasma jet. It is noted that the OH radical density of DI water and DMEM are measured to be about $4.33{\times}1016cm-3$ and $2.18{\times}1016cm-3$, respectively, under Ar gas flow 250 sccm (standard cubic centimeter per minute) in this experiment. The OH radical density of buffer solution such as PBS has also been investigated and measured to be value of about $2.18{\times}1016cm-3$ by the ultraviolet optical absorption spectroscopy.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.95-104
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• 2004

A series of superabsorbents based on acrylic acid (AA), sodium acrylate, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulphonic acid, N,N'-methylene bis-acrylamide (MBA) were prepared by inverse suspension polymerization. These hydrogels were further crosslinked on the surface with polyethylene glycol-600 (PEG-600). The water absorbency or swelling behaviors for these xerogels in water and 0.9% saline solutions, both under free condition and under load were investigated. Absorption characteristics of these hydrogels were found to depend on nature and concentration of crosslinker in the system. It was also found that the saline absorption was significantly improved as the incorporation of AMPS in the polymer was increased. The surface crosslinking introduced in the polymers was found to improve the absorption under load characteristics without lowering the free water absorption capacities of the polymer to a considerable extent.